摘要:

abstract–The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that a frequent intake of sucrose does not produce caries if the teeth are regularly treated with an antibacterial agent. Twenty‐four students with clean teeth and normal gingivae were assigned to one of the following three groups: (1) eight individuals ceased all active oral hygiene measures and rinsed 9 times daily with 50% sucrose, (2) eight students refrained from all active oral hygiene procedures, rinsed 9 times daily with sucrose and twice daily with 10 ml 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate, (3) the third group consisted of two subgroups each comprising 4 students. One subgroup ceased all oral hygiene procedures and rinsed twice daily with 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate. The other was instructed to practice meticulous tooth brushing twice daily. The experiment lasted for 22 days. The group who rinsed with sucrose showed heavy plaque accumulation, those who rinsed with sucrose + chlorhexidine showed a drastic reduction in the formation of plaque. In the subgroup rinsing with chlorhexidine only and in that performing good oral hygiene, plaque was non‐existent. The gingival state essentially paralleled the plaque formation. The sucrose group showed a definite increase in Caries Index. No significant changes occurred in the group rinsing with sucrose + chlorhexidine, with chlorhexidine only, or in the group performing good oral hygiene. It is concluded that prevention of plaque formation inhibits the development of gingivitis and dental caries, even with frequent rinses of su

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1972.tb00257.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

abstract–Aqueous solutions of chlorhexidine salts have been used as mouth washes to supplement routine oral hygiene in a group of young adults for a period of 4 months. In the first part of the study (2 months) the effect of plaque formation and gingival condition in the presence of calculus and rough surfaces was studied. Under such circumstances the chlorhexidine mouth washes reduced the amount of plaque on an average of 66%, whereas the gingival inflammation was reduced by 24% in the same period. In the next 2 months the effect of chlorhexidine was studied on scaled and polished teeth. The plaque reduction was now 84% and the Gingival Index values were reduced by 43% after subgingival scaling. No effect on gingival inflammation adjacent to pockets exceeding 3 mm was observe

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1972.tb00258.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

abstract–The nongrowing K‐1 streptococci of human origin contained less potassium after incubation at pH 5.2 and 8.4 than at pH 5.8 or 6.8. Net accumulation of potassium occurred in the presence of sucrose, especially at pH 6.8. Penicillin and molybdenum did not modify the potassium accumulation. Fluoride (50 ppm or more) caused a decrease in the potassium content in both the fermenting and nonfermenting organisms at pH 5.8. One hundred ppm reduced the accumulation at higher pH levels also. A lower concentration (20 ppm) lessened the potassium accumulation in fermenting organisms. Ethanol (6%) reduced the accumulation of potassium at pH 5.2, 6.8, and 8.4 and caused a potassium loss in nonfermenting cells at pH 5.8. The cellular total phosphorus content was altered similarly to potassium when studied in a part of series performed but the changes were relatively smaller. The decreases of the cellular potassium and phosphorus content and accumulation were greatest in the presence of both ethanol and fluoride. The “pretreat‐ments” of the cells with both ethanol and fluoride decreased their acid production c

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1972.tb00259.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

abstract–Maxillary incisors from six five‐month‐old rats were studied with thc electron microprobe. Analysis of enamel in the pigmented portion of the teeth revealed a zone of high iron content extending 15–20 microns from the enamel surface. From a maximum of 10.1% (range 8.8–12.6%) close to the enamel surface, the iron concentration gradually decreased over a distance of 10 microns to less than 0.1%. At the point of maximum iron concentration the calcium content averaged 28.2% and the phosphorus content 15.7%. The concentrations of these elements increased gradually from the enamel surface and reached a plateau of approximately 34% calcium and 17% phosphorus at a point where the concentration of iron had decreased to a minimal Ievel. The mean Ca/P weight ratio in the zone of maximum iron content was 1.80 and differed significantly from the Ca/P ratio of 1.98 of the enamel beneath the pigmented zone. The zone of raised iron concentration coincided with the extension of the pigmented zone of the enamel. Apically to the pigment incorporation zone, the enamel contained less than 0.1% iron in the surface layer as well as in deep

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1972.tb00260.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

abstract–Frozen sections of molar tissue areas obtained from 50 newborn mice were stained with rhodamine B. A yellow brilliant fluorescence of rhodamine B was demonstrated in tissue areas which showed accumulation of histochemically discernible phospholipids as demonstrated with the OTAN method. The results suggest that the fluorochrome reacts with lipid substances – possibly in the simultaneous presence of SH groups. The method used in the present investigation was found to be valuable in studies on developmental variations in keratinizing tissues and in enamel mat

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1972.tb00261.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

abstract–Standardized incisional wounds were made in the palatal mucosa of 54 adult, male guinea pigs, in order to study the reaction to injury of orthokeratinized epithelium. The wound area was studied histologically 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 120, and 240 hours postoperatively. Initial cellular changes occurred as early as 2 hours after wounding. The changes consisted of a reduced cytoplasmic stainability with pyknosis and karyorrhexis covering a triangular zone (reactive zone) along the incisional cleft involving the lower part of stratum corneum, stratum granulosum, and the upper half of stratum spinosum. It is suggested that this cellular reaction represents an “induced keratinization”. After 6 hours the reactive zone was delineated from the adjacent, normal epithelial cells by a demarcation zone consisting of 2–3 layers of hyperchromatic, elongated cells. The first signs of migratory activity were noticed from the basal and lower spinous cells 12 hours after wounding. Eighteen hours postoperatively a fusion of the horizontally migrating epithelium had occurred in all wounds examined. By 18 and 24 hours the demarcation zones of the two wound margins met and formed a continuous zone at the base of the incision to constitute the superficial cell layers of the fusion area. A gradual increase in number of cell layers was seen in the fusion area from 24 hours onwards, reaching normal height and differentiation of the epithelium at 120 hours. During the same period epithelial cells migrated from the basal cells into the fibrin‐filled connective tissue wound. By 240 hours the migratory activity was reduced to focal single cell migration. Although a normal cellular differentiation was present in the epithelium of the wound area at 240 hours, the characteristic histo‐architectural pattern of the area had not yet been re‐established, and no PAS‐positive basement mem

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1972.tb00262.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

abstract–The differential count of oral leukocytes was estimated from a group of 43 healthy dental students. A modified Millipore® technique was used. The differential count was made from samples of stimulated saliva, whole saliva, and sequential mouth rinses with hypertonic saline. The media from which the leukocytes were obtained did not influence the results and the differential counts in all the samples were consistent. The predominating cell type was a polymorphonuclear (PMN) neutrophil (98 %–99 %). Lymphocytes were found in all samples (average proportion 1 %). Some monocytes and eosinophils were also observed, but they were so few in number that their precise proportion in the oral leukocyte count could not be determined. Basophilic leukocytes were not observed in the sam

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1972.tb00263.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

abstract–An overgrowth of the fractured side of the mandible coincided with the general skeletal growth spurt during puberty in two boys with unilateral fracture of the condylar neck and dislocation of the condyle. In one of the cases is demonstrated the formation of a condyle‐like bony process and resorption of the dislocated condyle, which took place within a few months after fracture. The observation of mandibular overgrowth indicates that if no functional disorders necessitate interference, facial asymmetry after fracture of the condylar neck should not be corrected surgically in young persons until the prognosis of mandibular growth is estimated by means of cephalometric radiographic analy

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1972.tb00264.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

abstract–Among 50,915 individuals from 4 different states of India, 723 oral leukoplakias were biopsied and examined for the presence of Candida. Histologic sections were stained by hernatoxylin‐eosin and PAS; 6.8% of the biopsies showed Candida estimated on the basis of a single PAS stained section. All Candida‐positive cases were seen in males. The most striking observation was that out of 325 palatal biopsies in reverse smokers only one Candida‐positive case was seen on the palate and none was seen on the labial mucosa out of 33 biopsies. It was surprising that although the number of leukoplakias among tobacco chewers was high, all of the Candida‐positive cases, except one, were observed among smokers. Seven (14%) of the 49 Candida‐positive biopsies showed epithelial atypia. No significant association between Candida‐positive cases and aty

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1972.tb00265.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

abstract–From 4 dental students practicing conventional oral hygiene, samples of plaque were taken at weekly intervals. Before the introduction of a sodium fluoride containing dentifrice, the fluoride concentration of the plaque was 24–45 ppm (dried weight basis) and afterwards it was 42–22

ISSN:0909-8836    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1972.tb00266.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY