ISSN:0906-6705    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0625.1993.tb00191.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDevelopment, function, remodelling, and senescence of multicellular organisms depend on the coordinated occurrence of physiological, actively induced cell death in two major patterns: terminal differentiation and programmed cell death (apoptosis). Apoptosis is a highly selective form of “cell suicide” with characteristic morphological and biochemical features: chromatin condensation, formation of apoptotic bodies, and DNA fragmentation by activation of endonucleases. Here, we outline the current understanding of apoptosis and its subtypes, discuss their biological functions, and delineate why apoptosis is relevant to the skin and its diseases. We distinguish apoptosis from necrosis, and discuss the regulation of apoptosis by selected genes, hormones, growth factors and cytokines. The epidermis and the regressing hair follicle offer interesting models for studying the as yet ill‐understood biology of epithelial cell apoptosis. The selective manipulation of cell death programs may become part of the therapeutic arsenal of clinical dermat

ISSN:0906-6705    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0625.1993.tb00192.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPatient and normal volunteer sera were used as probes in two‐dimensional PAGE of P. acnes culture supernatant fluid and cell extracts to determine whether specific P. acnes polypeptides were associated with the immune reaction in acne. Eight polypeptides, Mr 20 to 131 × 103, pi 4.7 to 6.5 in the cell extract, and 7 polypeptides Mr 10 to 24 kD, pI 4.8 to 7.5 in the culture supernatant fluid were specifically highlighted by patient sera and not volunteer sera. These polypeptides were not related to described extracellular enzymes of P. acnes. It is possible that these polypeptides are involved in the induction of ac

ISSN:0906-6705    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0625.1993.tb00193.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn malignant melanoma active movement of cancer cells is considered to be essential for tissue invasion. Various mechanisms, such as the Ca2+‐calmodulin‐proteinkinase C cascade or G‐protein‐dependent processes are considered to play a role in tumor cell functions. The assay of directional migration, combined with computer‐assisted image analysis, was used to evaluate the antimigratory efficacy of drugs interfering with different steps of signal (ransduction pathways. Treatment with different compounds showed a more or less concentration‐dependent reduction of migration rates: The Ca2+‐channel blockers verapamil and devapamil showed a slight reduction of molility. The effect was more pronounced when the calmodulin antagonist flunarizine was used or the proteinkinase C inhibitors dequalinium, tamoxifen and H‐7 were applied. A marked inhibition of molility was found with the G‐protein antagonist L 651582. Thus, our results indicate that different signal transduclion pathways are involved in the regulation of directional migration of K1735

ISSN:0906-6705    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0625.1993.tb00194.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe transplantation of allogeneic cells such as pancreatic islet cells, bone marrow, and keratinocytes for skin replacement is in growing use clinically. Present techniques which are used to distinguish transplanted allogeneic cells from phenolypically identical host cells in chimeric tissue have serious limitations. This study assesses the feasibility of using Chemiluminescent restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis to distinguish between keratinocyte cell lines from 2 different donors grown in co‐culture. We evaluated the sensitivity of this technique in tissue cultured cells in order to define its usefulness in clinical situations. RFLP analysis readily detects heterologous DNA comprising only 10% of a 5 μg sample. This was a detection threshold of 500 ng of high molecular wefght DNA. With standard extraction methods, this represents the DNA obtained from 4000 cells. This new chemiluminescent technique is as sensitive as older techniques which employ radioactive probes, but avoids the hazards of handling radioactive material. Using this RFLP analysis, the presence of transplanted allogeneic cells can be readily delected in small biopsy specimens. This technique has wide potential application in allogeneic cellular transplantation investigatio

ISSN:0906-6705    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0625.1993.tb00195.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwenty‐five leg ulcer exudate samples from 17 patients with chronic non‐healing venous leg ulcer were analyzed for proteolytic activity using radial caseinolysis procedures and zymographic analysis, and for fibronectin fragmentation using immunoblotting technology. Caseinolytic activity was detected in 21 of the 25 samples. A minority of them were inhibited (3 were totally, 6 partially inhibited) by aprotinin, a serine proteinase inhibitor, suggesting that proteinase(s) other than plasmin were also responsible for the caseinolysis. In zymographic analysis, 23 of the 25 samples showed positive reactions for enzyme activities comigrating with plasmin and urokinase‐type plasminogen activator. Fibronectin fragmentation, another sign of proteolytic activity, was seen in all but 2 ulcers. No correlation was seen between bacterial infection or inflammatory cells and the above parameters in the wound fluid. Acute wound fluid collected from the donor sites of patients undergoing split skin grafting was used as a control. In the control specimens no proteolytic activity was found during the days following operation. These results show that there is proteolytic activity in the chronic ulcer exudate and support the possibility that the proteolytic activity and consequent fibronectin fragmentation may be related to the retarded epithelization and ulcer he

ISSN:0906-6705    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0625.1993.tb00196.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMonohydroxy derivatives of polyunsaturated fatty acids such a s arachidonic acid (AA) and linoleic acid (LA) can inodulate inflamation and epidermal proliferation. The purpose o f this study was to determine thein vitodistribution orthc AA derivatives; 12‐ and 15‐hydroxy‐ eicosatetraenoic acid (1 2‐HETE and 15‐HETE) and the LA derivatives; 9‐ and 13‐liydroxyotadecadienoic acid (9‐IHODE and 13‐HODE) in specific phospholipids of normal humoii skin. Lipids were extracted from 6 normal keratoine skin biopsies and phospholipids were separated into the major classes by two‐dimensional thin layer chroiiiatograpliy. Monohydroxy fatty acids (MHFAs) released from specific phospholipids after treatment with phospholipase A2were identified by reversed phase and straight phase high‐performance liquid chromatography and UV‐absorption spec‐ tra. Unesterified MIHFAs were deteriiiined in a similar way. 9‐MODE, 13‐HODE and 15‐IHETE were detectable in pliospliatidylcholamine (PC), pliospliatidylinositol (PI) and pliosphatidylethanolamine (PE). Interestingly. 12‐NETE was not detectable in these phospholipids, although the Linesteriried 12‐HETE was detectable in amounts similar to uncstcrilied 15‐HETE. Eskrilied I 5‐HETE was equally distributed between PI arid PC, in which IS‐HETE was predominant, accounting for 60% and 69% of the total MHFAs, respectively (p<0.05). These results demonstrate that the LA dcrivntives 9‐MODE and 13‐HODE. as well as the AA derivative 15‐1HETE, are esterified to PC, PI and PE of normal human epidermisin vito. The possibility remains that 9‐HODE. 13‐HODE anrl 15‐HETE, may incdiatc their biological cfrccts by

ISSN:0906-6705    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0625.1993.tb00197.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0906-6705    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0625.1993.tb00198.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY