ISSN:0962-1075    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2583.1993.tb00071.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe have cloned and sequenced theCu, Zn superoxide dismutasegene ofChymomyza amoena. The coding sequence has the same length as inDrosophilaspecies and inCeratitis capitata. There are two introns, located at the same sites as inCeratitis. The second intron is absent inDrosophila: this placesChymomyzaoutside theDrosophilalineage, contrary to proposals based on anatomical and other evidence. The nucleotide or amino acid distances support a phylogeny in whichCeratitisfirst branches off the common stem, thenChymomyzasplits before the divergence of the two majorDrosophilasubgenera. The estimated divergence times are 58 million forChymomyza‐Drosophila; 48 million years for theDrosophilasubgenera. During the intervening 10 million years, theDrosophilalineage lost the second intron and evolved distinct codon‐preferences: the G + C use in the third coding positions is increased by 69% inDrosophilarelative toChymomyzaorCerati

ISSN:0962-1075    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2583.1993.tb00072.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA characterization of an actin gene isolated from the genome of the Mediterranean fruit fly,Ceratitis capitata, including the complete sequencing of the coding, 3′ and 5′ flanking regions of this gene and a partial cDNA was carried out. The partial cDNA was derived from the 3′ untranslated region of the actin gene described here, and has been used to identify this gene uniquely. The DNA sequence data presented here, together with the pattern of expression exhibited by this gene during development, strongly support the interpretation that this is a muscle‐specific actin gene. Peaks of expression are seen in tissues and during temporal phases of development where muscle differentiation is occurring. The derived protein sequence of the Medfly actin gene shows the highest degrees of similarity, 98.4 and 96.6% respectively, with the two muscle‐specific actin genes 79B and 88F fromD. melanogaster. The Medfly actin gene also has a single intervening sequence, and an intron is found at the same position in the 79B and 88F actin genes. In the coding region at the DNA level, 17.2 and 16.4% nucleotide differences, respectively, are observed between the Medfly actin gene and these same twoD. melanogasteractin genes. The disparity between the amino acid and nucleotide comparisons can be explained, in part, by a high level of synonymous changes in the DNA sequence. In addition, despite the many similarities, codon usage appears to be very different between the actin genes of thes

ISSN:0962-1075    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2583.1993.tb00073.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCytoplasmic incompatibility results in embryo mortality in diploids, or all male offspring in haplodiploids, when individuals carrying different cytoplasmic factors are crossed. Cytoplasmic factors have been identified as intracellular micro‐organisms. Microbeinduced cytoplasmic incompatibility is found in many insect taxa and may play a role in reproductive isolation between populations. Such micro‐organisms cause bidirectional incompatibility between species of the parasitoid wasp genusNasonia. The phylogenetic relationship of cytoplasmic incompatibility microorganisms (CIM) of differentNasoniaspecies was analysed using their 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence. Two 16S rDNA operons were detected in the CIM of eachNasoniaspecies. Sequence analysis indicates that theNasoniaCIM are closely related and belong to the alpha group of the Proteobacte

ISSN:0962-1075    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2583.1993.tb00074.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractExpression from aDrosophilametallothionein promoter (Mtn) was investigated in mosquito cells. Recombinant plasmids carrying a transcription unit comprised of theEscherichia coliβ‐galactosidase gene (lacZ) fused to the metallothionein promoter were stably introduced intoAedes albopictusC6/36 cells. A low copy transformant containing approximately 60 copies of plasmid per cell, and a high copy transformant (1–2 times 104copies/cell) were characterized. The expression of β‐galactosidase from the metallothionein promoter could be induced and controlled in this heterologous system, even when the copy number of introduced plasmid was several t

ISSN:0962-1075    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2583.1993.tb00075.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlthough the 5.8S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) of most eucaryotes consists of 155–170 nucleotides, in two dipterous species the 5.8S rRNA consists of two pieces, 123 and 30 nucleotides in length. The distribution of split 5.8S rRNA was studied in other Diptera and the most closely related order Siphonaptera to learn the origin of split 5.8S rRNA. Four species of mosquitoes,Culex tritaeniorhynchus,Culex pipiens molestus,Aedes albopictus,Anophelessp. (Culicidae) had a single 5.8S rRNA consisting of˜154 nucleotides. A fleaCtenocephalides felis(Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) also had a single RNA of ˜158 nucleotides. A crane fly (Tipulidae), a midgeOrthocladius akamusi(Chironomidae), a robber fly (Asilidae), and a house flyMusca domestica(Muscidae), on the other hand, had divided 5.8S rRNA as did a fruit flyDrosophila melanogaster(Drosophilidae) and a darkwinged fungus gnatSciara coprophila(Sciaridae). Three hypotheses are proposed on the relationship between the evolution of the 5.8S rRNA and the phylogeny of Dipt

ISSN:0962-1075    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2583.1993.tb00076.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractGenomic RNA was transcribedin vitrofrom the non‐infectious Sindbis (SIN) virus expression vector (pTRCAT) and introduced into C6/36 (Aedes albopictus) cells by liposome‐mediated transfections. The chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) polypeptide expressed within cells was detected by an indirect immunofluorescent assay directly into 24‐well polystyrene tissue culture plates. Approximately 1 in 1000 C6/36 cells showed fluorescence when the transfection was optimized. CAT enzyme activity was also assayed; in C6/36 cells CAT expression was detected as early as 8 h after transfection, peaked at 24 h, and could still be detected at 7 days. At 24 h post‐transfection each transfected C6/36 cell was calculated to express 1.3 × 107CAT poly

ISSN:0962-1075    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2583.1993.tb00077.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY