摘要:

A manpower planning model is developed to decide recruiting and training levels over a time horizon, by minimizing the reference cost, subject to certain operational constraints. The model consists of two submodels: (a) a manpower supply model based on Markov transition rates in which skill grade transition of workers is altered by the training budget, and (i) a linear programming model which optimizes the recruiting level subject to some constraints. The heuristic procedure connects the submodels by an iterative process leading to improved solutions. A numerical example is presented to illustrate how the model can be used for recruiting and training decisions.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207548408942425

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

We propose a heuristic procedure that constructs a schedule for N unit jobs with arbitrary precedence on m identical processors in parallel. The criterion is the minimization of the total weighted completion times. The procedure translates the optimal solution on one processor into a solution on the m-processors. Two bounds on the worst-ease performance of the procedure are derived, with the second being the stronger of the two, but at the expense of requiring slightly more computing effort. In view of the fact that the one-processor solutions may be hard to obtain, the proposed heuristic is applied to one processor near optimal solutions and the experimental results presented indicate that the heuristic performs equally well.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207548408942426

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Two types of quantity discounts are treated in the literature, namely, 'all units' discounts and incremental quantity discounts. In the all units quantity discounts model, the discount applies to every unit purchased. As a result, the total purchase cost is a discontinuous function of the quantity ordered. In other words, the cost of purchasing a quantity below a quantity for which a discount applies may be higher than that of purchasing the larger discount-applicable quantity. An obvious remedy to the discontinuous total purchase cost is to be able to buy a large enough quantity to qualify for a certain discount and then dispose of the excess at some finite disposal cost. Moreover, the assumption of a finite unit disposal cost is more realistic than that of the infinite disposal cost, which rules out any disposal. This paper introduces a finite unit disposal cost in the lot size model with all units quantity discounts and develops a method of obtaining optimal lot sizes for an entire range of unit disposal costs.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207548408942427

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

An important class of manufacturing systems is made up of those systems which handle flows of discrete identifiable orders. Examined here is a subclass of such systems in which early shipment of customers' orders is not permitted. The relationship between flowtime, inventory, and tardiness is defined and the implications of these results are discussed. A methodology for determining the composition of system inventory is presented and the relation between order allowance and system inventory is provided. These principles are then applied by providing analytical results to an M/M/l queueing system.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207548408942428

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This study investigates the influence of monetary incentive and type of instructions given to operators on the spread of actual data points around two possible learning models; the linear and the power models. The investigation is based on a laboratory study in which subjects were asked to perform a specific task in different conditions of learning: with or without incentive, and with or without exact specifications according to which the task had to be performed. The value of the spread for these four cases was measured by the coefficient of variation and other similar indicators. Analysis of the spread points to the following major conclusions: ( a) with the introduction of an incentive system the spread reduces by approximately 20%; (6) when an exact work method is specified, the spread reduces; (c) the coefficient of variation reached an average value as high as 0-28. Finally, a numerical example shows how the coefficient of variation can be used to improve the estimate of batch production time.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207548408942429

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper analyses the hybrid inspection system consisting of the skip-lot and lot-to-lot single sampling plans for reducing the total cost of the multistage production process. The decision on which inspection plan to use, skip-lot, lot-to-lot, or no inspection, at various stages in the process are determined by dynamic programming. The results of an illustrative example are presented.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207548408942430

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper considers the design and structure of software which allows robot operating and programming systems to be configured for modular robots with user defined articulation. Such software systems are being implemented as part of a Science and Engineering Research Council supported project to produce an autonomous family of mechanical and control system elements which will facilitate the distribution of intelligent hardware in many manufacturing industries.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207548408942431

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The simple EOQ lot sizing model or some variant of it is often used in discrete parts production lot sizing to obtain ballpark estimates of economic production quantities. Such formulas ignore the influence of lot sizing on work-in-process inventory. In group technology production there is a traceable relationship between lot size and work-in-progess inventory. This paper explores this relationship and describes an economic lot sizing model appropriate to group technology. Experience with the model indicates that its use can lead to somewhat different results from those which would be obtained using the standard EOQ formulation.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207548408942432

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper provides an economic model and utilizes this model for comparing the viability of alternative system configurations of an electric power system currently under development. The paper describes the system configuration and the model used for economic comparison.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207548408942433

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Techniques useful in the planning phase of productive systems and elsewhere are presented. Assuming only that item distributions of times to failure and repair are exponential, the availability of any redundant stage consisting of identical items can be calculated in terms of the item availability, without specific knowledge of failure and repair rates. The availability of a series of stages is greater than the product of the stage availabilities, if unfailed stages are not at risk during system failure. A general expression is developed to account for this. By considering all the possible states of the stages of a system, the overall productiveness or system effectiveness can be estimated. Bathtub curve, maintenance and interstage storage effects are considered in general terms only.

ISSN:0020-7543    

DOI:10.1080/00207548408942434

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1984

数据来源: Taylor