ISSN:0192-0790    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0192-0790    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Radiation therapy directed at the abdomen may damage the digestive tract, the type and extent of injury depending on the dose of the radiation and the radiation sensitivity of the gut. Characteristic early changes are manifest in the mucosa of the gut: for later ulceration, changes in the collagen tissues and particularly in the vascular channels occur. This paper describes and characterizes injuries to the esophagus, stomach, small intestine and colon. It emphasizes the importance of recognizing radiation-induced damage to the gut which may occur early or late after radiation.

ISSN:0192-0790    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Since May 1976, the Olympus pansigmoidoscope has been available for routine use at the University of Oregon Health Sciences Center. Two hundred sixty-five examinations were performed over the next year. The average distance examined was 49 cm. Time per examination ranged from 3 to 15 minutes, with an average of 8 minutes. Preparation consisted of one or two tap water enemas, except in known inflammatory bowel disease where no preparation was given. No patient received sedation and there were no complications. Small biopsy (2.8 mm), large biopsy (4.0 mm), “hot biopsy” and polypectomy were performed when indicated.The procedure was most helpful for the following indications: 1) differential diagnosis and follow-up of inflammatory bowel disease, 2) hematochezia, 3) evaluation of abnormal barium enema, 4) left-sided polypectomy, 5) diarrhea with normal barium enema, and 6) guaiac-positive stools. It was of no value in patients with abdominal pain with normal barium enema.Comparing the frequency of examinations this year with last year we found a 50% decrease in use of the rigid (25 cm) sigmoidoscope (538 to 270 exams) and a 98% decrease in use of the MB2 (100 cm) colonoscope (80 to 2 exams).

ISSN:0192-0790    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0192-0790    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Despite its frequency, ulcerative proctosigmoiditis is poorly recognized and its prognosis is not well understood. This study reviews experience at the Cleveland Clinic from 1960 through 1972, with a 97% follow-up. A total of 359 patients with a diagnosis of ulcerative proctosigmoiditis were followed for a mean of 11 years (range 3.2–17.7 years). There were 219 men and 140 women.Mean age at diagnosis was 40.6 years. All had rectal bleeding, typical proctosigmoidoscopic findings of diffuse granularity, mucosal ulcerations and friability, and normal findings above the rectosigmoid on barium enema. The major complaint in all patients was rectal bleeding, and there were few other symptoms. Perianal disease was absent.On the whole, the patients were older than the usual patients with ulcerative colitis; 37 were older than age 61 at diagnosis. The disease remained localized and the prognosis accordingly was good for 90% of the patients. Extension to the proximal colon developed in 10% (36) of patients, and operation was required in 8% (29), two for toxic megacolon. Operation was carried out a mean of 5.6 years after diagnosis: 2.2% (8) of the patients died during the period of follow-up, six after operation. One patient had carcinoma of the sigmoid colon 12 years after diagnosis. Only one patient was subsequently found to have Crohn's disease. Thirty-nine patients died from causes unrelated to colitis.This study suggests that ulcerative proctosigmoiditis as defined by typical sigmoidoscopic appearance and a normal barium enema is relatively common, that proctosigmoidoscopic findings are identical with those of universal ulcerative colitis, but that the outlook is much better. Ulcerative proctosigmoiditis is rarely confused with Crohn's disease, and carcinoma is rare. Recurrences do occur, however, and proximal extension develops in 10% of patients, usually within 5 years after the diagnosis is first made.

ISSN:0192-0790    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Seven patients treated with oral cholestyramine for antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis are reported. Response was variable with only one patient having a totally satisfactory clinical outcome. Five of seven patients had continued systemic signs with fever and ieukocytosis throughout the course of cholestyramine. Two observations were relatively consistent. First, six of the seven patients had a decrease in the number of daily stools during therapy. Second, all patients showed persistence of the cytopathic toxin in stools obtained after three to seven days of cholestyramine therapy. Six patients who were subsequently treated with oral vancomycin had a prompt clinical improvement and clearance of the cytopathic toxin in the stool.

ISSN:0192-0790    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A review of the barium enema studies in 73 patients with diverticular disease of the colon and with and without associated neoplasm leads to the conclusion that the correct radiologic recognition of an associated neoplasm in a colon with diverticulitis or diverticulosis can be made only about half the time. The limitations of the radiographic method and radiologic findings in distinguishing diverticulitis from carcinoma should be more clearly recognized by the clinician.

ISSN:0192-0790    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0192-0790    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In this series of reports of What's New in Clinical Physiology of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Liver, Dr. Mark Donowitz will provide thoughtful clinicians with an understanding of the relevance of recent physiological studies to clinical practice. Dr. Donowitz has selected several academic clinicians to work with him to provide the reader with the latest in the advances of gastrointestinal physiology.H.M.S. (Ed.)

ISSN:0192-0790    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID