ISSN:0022-2720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1992.tb04301.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYAfter a discussion of the best grid for the digitization of three‐dimensional (3‐D) images, two grids are retained for which the approximations of the elementary disc are respectively the cuboctahedron and the rhombododecahedron. These are used to derive the formulae for the basic Minkowski measures. The extension from 2‐D to 3‐D is demonstrated to be straightforward for most transformations of mathematical morphology, and covers almost all practical sit

ISSN:0022-2720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1992.tb04302.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYTwo computer‐ and image‐analysis‐based procedures for realignment of images of consecutive light micrographs of nerve tissue (cat motor cortex) have been developed. One procedure (CENT) was interactive, employing the subjective overall ‘best fit’ of two images to each other and the other (AUTOCENT) was based on an automatic comparison of two images (image thresholding and binary comparison). Images of light micrographs of several hundred consecutive sections were realigned using the interactive and the automatic methods. The interactive procedure was easy to use; realignment of an image took only a few minutes in the hands of an experienced operator and should be easy to implement on commercially available smaller computers like PCs and workstations, but the realignment was possibly disturbed by the operator's subjective expectancy of regular forms. The automatic procedure realigned 1–4 images per hour, might be implemented on smaller computers if the programming is made more efficient, was probably objective and restored the ‘true positi

ISSN:0022-2720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1992.tb04303.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA fluorescence microscope has been developed to give contrast on the basis of fluorescence decay time. Two different detection schemes are used, one based on an imaging single photon detector equipped with an external photon correlator and the other using an RF‐modulated intensified CCD camera. Examples of the new contrast are shown, and the possible routes to development of a confocal version of the microscope are discusse

ISSN:0022-2720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1992.tb04304.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA flexible system for the real‐time acquisition ofin vivoimages has been developed. Images are generated using a tandem scanning confocal microscope interfaced to a low‐light‐level camera. The video signal from the camera is digitized and stored using a Gould image processing system with a real‐time digital disk (RTDD). The RTDD can store up to 3200 512 times 512 pixel images at video rates (30 images s−1). Images can be input directly from the camera during the study, or off‐line from a Super VHS video recorder. Once a segment of experimental interest is digitized onto the RTDD, the user can interactively step through the images, average stable sequences, and identify candidates for further processing and analysis. Examples of how this system can be used to study the physiology of various organ systemsin vivoar

ISSN:0022-2720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1992.tb04305.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe measuring process in the scanning microscope is analysed. The distortion of the recorded image due to finite diameter of the probe (laser spot, electron beam, nanometre tip) and due to the limited temporal response of the recording system is estimated. The influence of noise on the accuracy of the recorded image is considered. Optimum recording conditions such as choice of scan velocity and response time of the registration device are discussed with respect to minimum total error.

ISSN:0022-2720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1992.tb04306.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA technique for obtaining differential interference contrast (DIC) imaging using a confocal microscope system is examined and its features compared to those of existing confocal differential phase contrast (DPC) techniques as well as to conventional Nomarski DIC. A theoretical treatment of DIC imaging is presented, which takes into account the vignetting effect caused by the finite size of the lens pupils. This facilitates the making of quantitative measurements in DIC and allows the user to identify and select the most appropriate system parameters, such as the bias retardation and lateral shear of the Wollaston prism.

ISSN:0022-2720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1992.tb04307.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYTo obtain colour reflected confocal images we have incorporated three lasers (HeNe: 633 nm; NdYAG: 532 nm; HeCd: 442 nm) and three photomultiplier detectors into our on‐axis scanning system then adjusted the registration of the simultaneous output signals to produce full‐colour images on a video monitor. Colour confocal images were produced from multi‐stained fixed tissue as well as from natural pigments in fresh plant material. Rayleigh scattering properties of immunogold‐labelled specimens were studied to show how variations in colour response can be utilized to identify subwavelength gold particles. Colour stereo pairs were produced to illustrate the accuracy with which the three‐laser microscope system can record depth information without incurring problems due to chromatic aberratio

ISSN:0022-2720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1992.tb04308.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe confocal‐line (CL) technique combines some of the characteristics of confocal‐scanning microscopy with those of conventional‐imaging methods. It is based on the introduction of line‐shaped illumination and linear image detection, as an alternative to the current confocal‐point (CP) approach. Although confocal only in one dimension, the proposed solution offers performance and features adequate to a variety of biological and non‐biological applications and is also adaptable to an increased number of microscopical observations and measurements. The absence of moving components in the optical path and the use of electronic linear imagers permits flexible and fast operation that appears particularly relevant in many fields of basic and applied research. For instance, transmission, reflection and emission images can simultaneously be collected from the same area of the specimen, with slight adjustments to the optical setup. Useful extensions of CL microscopy to the field of spectral imaging are obtained with the introduction of a slit, a polychromator and an area detector, substituting for the linear imager. Prototype instrumentation has been constructed working from the cited principles and some tests have been performed on selected a

ISSN:0022-2720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1992.tb04309.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYExperimental results are presented which demonstrate super‐resolution in a coherent scanning microscope. The microscope has a special optical mask, a Fourier lens and detector pin‐hole to carry out optical processing of the image. The form of the special mask was calculated using the theory of singular syst

ISSN:0022-2720    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2818.1992.tb04310.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY