ISSN:1076-2752    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1076-2752    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A standardized mortality analysis was conducted on workers exposed to tetrachlorodibenzodioxin in a trichlorophenol process accident at the Monsanto Company plant in Nitro, West Virginia. One hundred and twenty-one workers who developed chloracne resulting from this accident on March 8, 1949, were selected for study. Follow-up of this group was 100% complete. The standardized mortality ratio for all causes of death was shown to be 0.69, with 32 deaths observed and 46.41 expected. For the categories of malignant' neoplasms and circulatory diseases, the standardized mortality ratios were 1.00 and 0.68, respectively. Because of the small size of the cohort and the relatively small number of deaths observed, the results of this study cannot be considered conclusive. However, it is important that no apparent excess in total mortality or in deaths from malignant neoplasms or diseases of the circulatory system was observed in a group of workers with a high peak exposure to tetrachlorodibenzodioxin who were followed over a period of nearly 30 years. The results of this study will be incorporated with those of a larger study which will include plant workers exposed in the course of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid production during the period 1948 to 1969.

ISSN:1076-2752    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1076-2752    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Two patients are described who developed progressive massive fibrosis (PMF) after exposure to coal dust for only four and seven years, respectively, in Belgian coal mines in the post-war period. It seems likely from consideration of epidemiological data that these men were exposed to massive concentrations of coal dust during their time in the mines. In one patient a computerized tomography scan clearly showed the extent of the PMF and brought out the degree of calcification in the center of the masses. Radionuclide angiocardiographic evaluation showed depressed right ventricular function which is probably a result of pulmonary hypertension, and also showed marked distortion of the pulmonary vascular bed. It is believed that these are the first reported instances of CT scanning and radionuclide angiocardiography in this condition.

ISSN:1076-2752    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

To evaluate the carcinogenicity of chromium compounds among user industries, the proportionate mortality experience of spray painters exposed to zinc chromate primer paints and electroplaters exposed to chromic acid in the aircraft maintenance industry was examined. Compared to the mortality patterns of U.S. white males, no excess of cancer was found in the 48 deaths among electroplaters. Analysis of the 202 deaths among spray painters revealed a significant excess of cancer, primarily of the respiratory tract. The relative increase of respiratory cancer showed a positive gradient with the length of estimated exposure time, and was confined to painters whose interval from first employment to death was at least 20 years. The findings are consistent with occupational exposure to chromium compounds, previously shown to he carcinogenic in manufacturing processes, but the effect of other paint constituents, tobacco smoking, or methodologic limitations could not be discounted.

ISSN:1076-2752    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Recent activities of the World Health Organization and other international agencies have placed new emphasis on occupational health in developing nations. Venezuela is a nation in transition from a developing society dominated economically by petroleum and agriculture to an economically- diversified industrialized urban society. It provides a case study which illuminates the problems of extending occupational health services in developing economies and questions of public policy regarding utilization of medicalresources and the priority that occupational health should hold in such a society. Occupational health has become a serious problem in the developing world as new industries and accelerating economic development occur without adequate resources for worker protection. The study of cases such as that of Venezuela may provide guidance for anticipating and preventing problems in other nations. This paper should be considered a pilot study to explore a social aspect of occupational health that has not received adequate attention.

ISSN:1076-2752    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Development of a counseling program at Northwestern Bell Telephone in the state of lowa began in 1970. Since its inception, the program has expanded to assist nearly 2000 individuals per year with varying problems. It is not the first counseling program for employees (other programs are described in the paper), but it is unique in its availability to all employees in the state, with counselors strategically placed in the major districts of the Bell System. Because of its concern for human resources, the company supported the medical department in establishing the counseling program. The management has been supportive and noninterfering. The numbers of employees using the program and their responses to questionnaires indicate the need for the service. The advantages and costs of an in-house counseling service are discussed.

ISSN:1076-2752    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The existence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in the paniculate phase of diesel engine exhaust has raised concern about a carcinogenic effect in workers exposed to exhaust from diesel engines. Some of the PAH are carcinogenic following inhalation by experimental animals and are associated with excess cancer mortality in some occupational exposures. Studies of occupational exposure to diesel exhaust show concentrations of PAH are above ambient levels but below the very high levels in occupations with demonstrated excess cancer mortality. A critical review of the epidemiologic evidence on the carcinogenicity of workplace exposure to diesel engine exhaust is suggestive of a carcinogenic effect but the existing data are sparse and contradictory. Further epidemiologic studies of this question are needed.

ISSN:1076-2752    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

There have been few published reports regarding surveillance of individuals occupationally exposed to 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T). The present study examined the mortality experience of 204 persons exposed to 2,4,5-T during its manufacture from 1950 to 1971. Length of employment in job assignments within the 2,4,5-T process area ranged from less than one year to a maximum of approximately ten years. Efforts to minimize 2,3,7,B-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) contamination of the product resulted in nondetectable concentrations using a method of detection developed in 7966 that was sensitive to 1 part per million. Within the scope of this mortality survey, no adverse effects were observed with respect to occupational exposure to 2,4,5-T or its feedstock, 2,4,5-trichlorophenol.

ISSN:1076-2752    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1980

数据来源: OVID