摘要:

The immunomodulatory effect of human immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) on lymphocyte surface antigens was investigated. IAP inhibited lymphocyte responses to phytohemagglutinin in a dose-dependent manner. By flow cytometry, using fluorescein-isothiocyanate-labelled antibodies, the mean fluorescence intensity on peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) decreased for CD4, slightly decreased for CD3 but showed no change for the CD8 and T cell receptor a-(3 antigens in the presence of IAP. This CD4 antigen modulation by IAP was observed in PBLs freshly isolated from patients with unresectable cancer but not in those isolated from patients with resectable tumor or from healthy volunteers. The modulation of the CD4 antigen by IAP on the lymphocyte surface was correlated with an increment of serum IAP levels in cancer patients. The CD4 modulation could be induced in PBLs from healthy volunteers by culturing them with IAP in vitro. It is suggested that IAP may play a role in cancer-related immunosuppression through the down-modulation of the CD4 antigen on the lymphocyte surface.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227418

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The association of the arylamine N-acetyltransferase polymorphism and breast cancer has been investigated by analysis of genomic DNA from 160 breast cancer patients and 132 healthy women. Five mutations of the NAT2 gene were studied by using allele-specific PCR amplification and restriction mapping with the endonucleases FoKI and Ddel. Eight allelic variants of the NAT2 gene were identified in both, patients with breast cancer and control groups, with relative frequencies. Wild-type 0.194 and 0.219, 341C+481T+803G 0.433 and 0.345, 341C+481T 0.048 and 0.076, 282T+590A 0.205 and 0.222, 282T 0.059 and 0.044, 590A 0.011 and 0.024, 803G 0.016 and 0.052, 857A 0.035 and 0.019, respectively. The prevalences for the poor acetylator genotypes were 53 and 51 % for the patients with breast cancer and the control group, respectively. Seven patients with the rare lobular breast cancer showed reduced frequency for NAT2 mutations (p < 0.05) and all of them had the extensive acetylator genotype (p < 0.01). This preliminary observation suggests that extensive acetylation may be related to lobular breast cancer. No genetic support for association of the NAT2 polymorphism and other histologic types of breast cancer was found. Any differences in the acetylator rate between breast cancer patients and healthy subjects may be secondary to breast cancer itself, but not involved in the pathogenesis of the disease.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227419

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) score in peripheral blood was determined in 45 new cancer patients, 30 with breast cancer and 15 with colorectal cancer, with nonmetastatic disease. The LAP scores were performed immediately after diagnosis or surgery, and later at intervals of 1-3 months, until clinical detection of metastases. The preliminary data presented here show that there may be some utility in measuring LAP score in patients with solid tumors on a serial basis to detect evidence of metastatic disease prior to its clinical recognition. In 22 out of 30 breast cancer patients and 11 out of 15 colon cancer patients, there were ‘alarming signals’ of metastases (defined in this study) in the data taken before the checkup in which metastases were diagnosed by other methods. We conclude that LAP scores should be introduced into routine checkup of breast and colon cancer patients and could be a helpful nonspecific additional element in detecting earlier metastatic disease during the follow-up of a patient. As an extrapolation from this study we suggest that work should be undertaken to explore the possibility that a sudden rise of LAP score in an otherwise healthy person, who has no known reason for an elevated LAP score, might be the very first measurable sign of can

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227420

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

CA 242, a sialylated carbohydrate epitope situated on the same macromole-cule as CA 50 has been proposed as a new tumour marker for pancreatic cancer (PC). The aims of the present study were: (1) to evaluate serum CA 242 versus CA 19-9 in PC patients, and (2) to assess whether these markers can predict tumour spread or patient survival. We studied 59 healthy controls, 27 PC patients, 12 chronic pancreatitis cases, 107 with extra-pancreatic gastrointestinal tumours, 30 with benign jaundice and 24 with benign extra-pancreatic gastrointestinal diseases. Mean CA 242 values were significantly higher in PC than in any other group; CA 19-9 showed a similar pattern. The best diagnostic efficacy (ROC curves analysis) in diagnosing PC was 86% for CA 242 and 84% for CA 19-9, using cut-off values of 60 and 80 U/ml, respectively. In PC, serum levels of both markers were unrelated to tumour spread or size; in PC patients with high levels of CA 242 or CA 19-9 survival was significantly shorter. CA 242 and CA 19-9 were correlated both when considering all the patients together (r = 0.962, p < 0.001) and PC alone (r = 0.880, p < 0.001). Given the very close relationship between CA 242 and CA 19-9, we tested for cross-reactivity between CA 242 antigen and CA 19-9 antibody: CA 242 antigen with CA 19-9 antibody produced a similar curve to CA 242 antigen and its corresponding antibody. In conclusion, CA 242 showed similar diagnostic value to CA 19-9 in assessing PC patients; both seem unrelated to tumour size or spread, but seem to predict survival. Their remarkably similar behaviour is due to cross-reactivity between CA 242 antigen and CA 19-9 antibody, so CA 242 cannot, in our opinion, be considered a new tumour marker for PC.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227421

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

203 patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were randomized to receive ifosfamide (IFO) 2.5 g/m2 days 1-2 + epirubicin (EPI) 70 mg/m2 day 1 with cisplatin (DDP) 70 mg/m2 day 1 (arm IEP), or without cisplatin (arm IE). For uroprophylaxis, mesna i.v. 20% of IFO dose, hour 0 and 3, and oral, 40% of IFO dose, hour 6 and 9, days 1-2 was given. Cycles were repeated every 28 days. Four cycles were required for evaluation purposes. After completion of chemotherapy, external beam irradiation 40 Gy was given over 4 weeks for stage III B responders. Most of the patients with stable disease, partial response or complete response (CR) received 6 cycles. The median follow-up of the trial is 30 months. There were no differences in overall response rates: arm IEP: 52% (2% CR); arm IE: 51% (13.5% CR). Median time to progression was 6 months (arm IEP) and 4 months (arm IE) (p = 0.4844). Toxicity ranged from mild to moderate. Nephrotoxicity was not seen; only 6 patients had neurotoxic side effects of short duration. Median survival according to treatment was 12 months for IEP arm (12% at 2 years) and 10 months for IE arm (21 % at 2 years). IFO/mesna + EPI or IFO/mesna, EPI plus DDP appeared to be an active and well tolerated combination for the treatment of NSCLC, with a good survival time.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227422

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The present study examines the modulatory influence of the combined oral contraceptive pill, Ovral (0.05 mg ethinylestradiol plus 0.25 mg levonorgestrel per pill) on methylcholanthrene (MCA)-induced carcinogenesis in the uterus of Swiss albino mouse. Placement of cotton thread impregnated with beeswax containing ∼600 μg of MCA, yielded endometrial squamous cell carcinomas in 53.33% animals in 90 days. Concomitant treatments with doses D1 (1/2000 th of a pill) and D2 (1/200 th of a pill) of Ovral yielded endometrial squamous cell carcinomas in 6.23 and 0% of animals in 90 days (p < 0.05; p < 0.005) respectively. Ovral did not seem to increase the incidence of uterine hyperplas

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227423

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In 323 of 1,620 patients with gastric cancer, the lesion was ≥ 10 cm in maximum diameter. Studies were done with respect to clinicopathologic features and the prognosis. Patients with tumors ≥ 10 cm were younger and women patients were more numerous compared to those with tumors < 10cm. Tumors were more advanced and noncurative resection was usually done for these patients. A multivariate analysis showed that serosal invasion, liver metastasis, lymph node metastasis, operative curability, tissue differentiation, and extended lymph node dissection to be independent prognostic factors. This retrospective study showed that patients with a larger tumor are at an increased risk for tumor advancement and that they will benefit from curative resection and extended lymph node dissect

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227424

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Many patients with advanced gastric cancer cannot be treated with intensive chemotherapy. In an attempt to provide a feasible regimen for such patients, the combination of etoposide, leucovorin and fluorouracil (ELF) has been developed with promising results. The present study involved 42 patients with advanced gastric cancer who where unsuitable for cisplatin- or anthracycline-containing regimens because of their age (24 patients over 65 years), poor performance status (12) or the presence of concomitant illness (6). The treatment consisted of etoposide 120 mg/m2 i.v., l-leucovorin 150 mg/m2 i.v. and fluorouracil 500 mg/m2 i.v. for 3 consecutive days every 3 weeks. Among the 41 evaluable patients, there was a 32% objective response rate (95% confidence interval 19–48%), with 7% of complete remissions. The median response duration was 4 months, the median time to progression in all patients was 5 months and the median overall survival was 10 months. No drug-related deaths or WHO grade 4 side effects were observed. On the basis of these results, we concluded that the ELF regimen is feasible and that its activity warrants randomized studies comparing the ELF combination with fluorouracil plus folinic aci

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227425

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To investigate the significance of the number of node metastases in gastric cancer and its relationship to traditional anatomical classification, 305 patients who underwent a radical gastrectomy and extended lymphadenectomy (R3/4) with curative intent were reviewed. Lymph node metastases was found in 191 (62.6%) patients. The incidence of lymph node metastases was closely related to the depth of cancer invasion as well as the extent of lymph node group involvement. The frequency of metastases in different lymph node locations was related to the location of the primary tumor. The 3-year survival rates for patients with node involvement and without were 42.1 and 92.3%, respectively. In node number analysis, the distribution of the Nl group and the N4 group involvement was rather characteristic and could be predicted from a node number 12. The predictability of N2 and N3 involvement from node numbers 4–8 and 9–12 was less satisfactory. On the whole, patients with a metastatic node number 10 as an incurable disease with distant metastases. Both had a poor prognosis. The data suggest that lymph node number represents the biologic behavior of cancer instead of the anatomic consideration of conventional N stage. The number of metastatic lymph node number is a good prognostic indicator with similar predicting power as the conventional node st

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227426

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The significance of neovascularization for tumor growth and metastasis has recently been postulated for human cancers; increased microvessel density correlates with increased frequency of metastasis. In the present study, micro-vessel density was examined in 42 cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH). Microvessels were defined as lumens surrounded by anti-factor-VIII-related antigen (FVIII-RA)-antibody-stained endothelium, and counted in a × 400 field. The number of microvessels varied from 4 to 79 (median 14.5). When cases were divided into groups with less than or greater than 20 micro-vessels, there were no prominent differences in age distribution, sex ratio, size of tumor, depth of tumor, and histologic subtypes between the two groups. The number of microvessels in 19 cases with and 22 cases without metastasis was 19.4 ± 14.9 and 19.6 ± 17.4, respectively. Angiogenesis is apparently not a key factor in the formation of metastasis by M

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227427

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1995

数据来源: Karger