ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227736

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A comparative, randomized trial was conducted to determine the efficacy of oral UFT® (Tegafur and Uracil) versus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in combination with cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Of 62 evaluable patients, 31 received UFT® (350 mg/m2/day orally x 14 days), doxorubicin (50 mg/m2 intravenously [IV] day 1) and cyclophosphamide (500 mg/m2 IV day 1). The other 31 patients received 5-FU (500 mg/m2 IV days 1 and 8), doxorubicin (50 mg/m2 IV day 1), and cyclophosphamide (500 mg/m2 IV day 1). Regimens were repeated for a total of six cycles. The two groups were comparable in terms of age, gender, performance status, menopausal status, and number and sites of metastases. No statistical difference in overall response rates was seen (UFT® arm, 48.4% vs. 5-FU arm, 35%; p = 0.30). Median response duration was 16 weeks (range, 4–30) for both arms. The toxicity profile (alopecia, anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, diarrhea) was similar in both groups and both regimens were well tolerated. Anemia and stomatitis were significantly more common in the 5-FU arm (p = 0.02). Thus, oral UFT® has response rates and duration of response that are comparable to 5-FU in a combination regimen for advanced breast c

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227737

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To compare the antitumor activity of Tegafur (150 mg/kg/day) with continuous intravenous infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (12.5 mg/kg/day) and with oral UFT® (60 mg/kg/day) with and without low- or high-dose leucovorin (50 or 200 mg/kg/day), rats with advanced colon cancer were treated with Tegafur or UFT® 3 times daily for 28 days and 5-FU by continuous intravenous infusion for 28 days. UFT® alone had a complete remission (CR) rate of 38%, whereas Tegafur and 5-FU produced no CRs. When high-dose leucovorin was added, the CR rate for UFT® increased to 75%; Tegafur plus high-dose leucovorin resulted in only a partial remission rate of 50%, with no CRs; low-dose leucovorin was not as effective as the high dose. Hence, UFT® clearly offers significant therapeutic advantages over Tegafur and protracted infusion of 5-FU. High-dose leucovorin is essential for significant modulation of drug action in this t

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227738

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The addition of Uracil to Tegafur, a prodrug of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), has been shown to enhance the antineoplastic effect of 5-FU while reducing the side effects attributed to 5-FU catabolism. Studies of 5-FU levels have shown that the 5-FU concentration in the tumor tissues of patients with head and neck cancer was 16.9 times greater than that in serum and approximately 2-6 times greater than in normal tissue. Similar observations have been made in tumor tissues of patients with breast cancer. The clinical efficacy of UFT®, the combination of Uracil and Tegafur in a molar ratio of 4:1, has been studied in a variety of tumor types. An overall response rate of about 23% was obtained, with responses exceeding 30% in patients with head and neck, breast, and bladder cancer. Side effects are predominantly that of gastrointestinal toxicity. Hematologic toxicity is minimal and hepatotoxicity is rare. The UFT® combination produces a good clinical effect in a variety of tumor types and is well tolerate

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227740

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227653

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Chemotherapy-induced spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) has been described sporadically in chemosensitive tumors, particularly sarcoma, with multiple lung metastases. We present a patient who developed SP following rapid regression of bulky mediastinal lymphoma. Immediately on chest tube insertion, the lung recovered and further chemotherapy could be delivered uneventfully. We suggest that (1) chemotherapy-induced SP should be included amongst oncologic emergencies and that (2) a high degree of awareness of this complication is required.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227654

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The activity and toxicity of UFT® (Tegafur and Uracil) in a 4:1 molar concentration, plus leucovorin (LV), were evaluated in the treatment of 45 patients with advanced, bidimension-ally measurable metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Initially 350 and later 300 mg/m2/day, plus 150 mg LV, as administered in divided doses every 8 h for 28 days. After two courses of treatment, responses were evaluated. The overall response rate was 42.2%, with responses observed in liver (n = 18), lung (n = 6), and bone (n = 1). Five of the 7 patients who received 350 mg/m2 UFT® experienced prolonged grade 3 diarrhea, resulting in a dose reduction to 300 mg/m2; 9 patients in the 300-mg/m2 group experienced grade 3 diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal cramping, and fatigue. Minor toxic effects included oral mucositis and rash. The oral regimen of 300 mg/m2/day UFT®, plus 150 mg/day LV, administered for 28 days appears to have significant activity against metastatic colorectal carcinoma. The treatment is well tolerated; neutropenia did not occur, and oral mucositis was not significant, even though both are characteristic of intravenous schedules of 5-fluorouracil plus LV. The results of this trial constitutes the basis of phase III clinical trials comparing this oral schedule with intravenous 5-FU and LV to compare clinical efficacy, impact on well-being, and cost. In addition, the current National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) adjuvant colon clinical trial (CO-6) will compare this 28-day schedule of UFT® plus oral leucovorin with a weekly regimen of intravenous 5-fluorouracil plus leucovorin in the postoperative adjuvant therapy of Dukes’ B and C colon cancer pat

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227741

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We analyzed the treatment results of 15 patients with penile cancer treated by afterloading brachytherapy with a silicon-made mold we devised. The group included 8 patients with Tl, 5 with T2 and 2 with T3 tumors, and inguinal lymph node metastases were noted in 4 patients. The total dose of brachytherapy ranged from 32 to 74 Gy with or without an electron beam boost. The median dose rate was 200 cGy/h ranging from 100 to 350 cGy/h. Local control was achieved in 12 of the 15 patients (80%), and was related to the T category, with 100% of Tl and 80% of T2, in contrast to 0% of T3 tumor. Three patients with partial response or residual tumor underwent amputation. Local recurrence was recognized in 1 patient with a T2 tumor, but salvaged by surgery. Penis conservation was achieved in 11 of 15 patients (73%). Of the 4 patients with inguinal lymph node metastases, 3 were controlled by surgery and radiation therapy. The other with a T3 tumor died from the disease. Brachytherapy with a mold for penile cancer was considered to be the first choice for penis-conserving therapy, and the patients with T1 and T2 tumors have good indications for this method of treatment.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227656

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A phase II trial of UFT® (Tegafur and Uracil) modulated by leucovorin was undertaken by the Oncopaz Cooperative Group to assess the efficacy and toxicity of this combination in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. A total of 75 patients were given 500 mg/m2 intravenous leucovorin and 195 mg/m2 of oral UFT® on day 1, followed by oral leucovorin 15 mg/l2 h and 195 mg/ m2/12 h of oral UFT® on days 2-14. An overall response rate of 39% was obtained, with seven complete responses (9%), and 22 partial responses (29%). The primary toxicity was gastrointestinal, with grade 1-2 diarrhea occurring in 8.5% of courses, and grade 3-4 in 3.5%. Hematologic toxicity was minimal, and there were no deaths due to toxicity. This regimen was active and well tolerated in patients with advanced colorectal cancer, including those 70 years of age or old

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227742

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a conservative treatment in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the present study, 30 patients with unresectable HCC underwent TACE using carboplatin (300 mg), and their clinical results were evaluated. After TACE, 18 (60.0%) of 30 patients demonstrated tumor size reduction rates ≥50%. Of 23 patients with pretreatment serum a-fetoprotein (AFP) levels > 20ng/ml (cutoff), 14 (60.9%) showed AFP reduction ≥75%. The 1-, 2-, 3- and 4-year survival rates were 82.9, 68.1, 45.1 and 37.6%, respectively. The median survival was 2.3 years. The only notable adverse reaction accompanying TACE was a transient myelosuppression. Carboplatin is thought to be a useful anticancer agent in patients with HCC treated with T

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000227657

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger