摘要:

94 evaluable patients with metastatic breast cancer were randomly assigned to 5-fiuorouracil, adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide (FAC) or 5-fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide (FEC), with cycles repeated every 3 weeks. The objective response rate to FAC was 46% versus 44% to FEC. There was no significant difference in the median duration of response and median survival for the two regimens. Toxicity was more frequent and more pronounced in patients receiving FAC. Results indicate therapeutic equivalence of the two regimens and reduced toxicity of the epirubicin arm.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226671

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Nine patients with advanced stages of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) received aggressive chemotherapy with high-dose cytarabine or with a standard acute myeloid leukemic regimen. Six of them were in frank acute myeloid leukemic phase. The mean age was 57 years (range 32–71). Seven patients obtained remission, 6 complete remission (CR) and 1 partial remission. The induction remission rate was 77.7%. There were 2 deaths in the aplasia period because of infectious complications. The mean duration aplasia was 36 days (range 21–69). In spite of this all responders received further consolidation chemotherapy. The mean duration of CR was 10 months. We concluded that patients with MDS with excess of blasts and blastic transformation may be treated with aggressive chemotherapy with low toxicity and high remission rate, similarly to de novo acute myeloid leuke

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226672

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The histories of 90 consecutive patients who underwent curative surgery for rectal cancer from January 1975 to December 1981 were reviewed. Twenty of 90 patients (22.2%) recurred locally. The site of the primary lesion and tumor differentiation are the most important factors influencing local recurrence. Median survival from recurrence was 3 months and no patient was alive after 15 months. No significant difference in survival was observed in patients surgically treated for recurrence compared to untreated patients.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226673

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Circulating immune complexes (CIC) in human cancer are known to be very heterogeneous in size and composition. In 95 staged malignant melanoma patients and 71 individuals with leukemia and lymphoma, this heterogeneity was analyzed biochemically in sera positive for CIC. CICs were measured by a multiassay system and individual complexes were isolated and analyzed by immunological and biochemical methods. Analyses of sera from 100 normal individuals, from 25 rheumatoid women, and a group of 12 laboratory staff who work with human melanoma were included for comparison. Three basic patterns of complexes were identified circulating in the sera of the cancer patients. Type I are medium-sized (17–23S), complement-fixing complexes usually occurring in combinations. The prototype in melanoma contained IgG antibody and additional glycoprotein components and bound complement by the classical pathway. In hematological malignancies four subtypes could be identified depending on whether the antibody class was IgG or IgM, the nonimmunoglobulin component was glycoprotein or protein, and whether complement fixation occurred by the classical or alternate pathway. Type II complexes were noncomplement-fixing, medium-sized complexes (15–21S), which in melanoma contained IgG antibody and additional protein components. In the hematologic malignancies two subtypes could be identified depending on whether the antibody class was IgG or IgM. Both subtypes contained a glycoprotein nonimmunoglobulin component. Both melanoma and hematologic tumors had type III heavy complexes (36–44S) which were noncomplement-fixing and contained only immunoglobulin components, either IgG-IgG or IgM-IgG. As expected the rheumatoid arthritis patients frequently had both 7S and 21–23S CICs containing IgG as well as IgM rheumatoid factor with complement fixation via the classical pathway. No CICs were detected in normal young men and women (20–30 years); a few individuals in middle age (31–50 years) had small (7–11S) CICs which bound complement by the classical pathway and contained IgG and a protein nonimmunoglobulin component. The frequency of these 7S complexes increased with advancing age, with the appearance of 23S IgG-IgG or IgM-IgG complexes. IgG antibodies from only the melanoma patients reacted with cytoplasmic components of fresh melanoma cells, except the laboratory workers where all of their isolated CIC antibodies also reacted with melanoma cells. Thus the heterogeneity of complexes in melanoma is not random, but can be classified into three basic biochemical patterns. The hematologic group provides a slightly richer variation of subtypes within this

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226674

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

One hundred and seventy-five patients selected at random were prospectively studied. All patients were assessed at least after the first cycle of treatment by a self-report questionnaire which covered the occurrence of nausea and vomiting 24 before chemotherapy, as well as information regarding 22 clinical parameters. Forty-six (26%) patients developed anticipatory nausea. ‘Intolerable’ posttreatment vomiting and age under 45 were statistically significant parameters (p <0.05) in the multivariate analysis. Twenty-one (12%) of the 175 patients experienced anticipatory vomiting. Three variables, age under 45, ‘intolerable’ posttreatment vomiting and more than three cycles of treatment were found to be significant (p <0.05). The relative risk of developing anticipatory nausea and vomiting according to combination of significant clinical predictors in the multivariate analysis is proposed. Therefore recognition of these clinical predictors may serve as a marker for patients with high risk of presenting anticipatory nausea and vomiting, who may benefit from prophylactic behavioral app

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226675

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The purpose of our study was to clarify whether the amount of tissue extracted by means of iliac crest needle biopsy (ICNB) would suffice for a quantitative determination of estrogen receptors (ER) in bone metastases, and to see if the method currently used for determining ER in primary tumors could also be successfully utilized in ICNB. 22 of 31 breast cancer patients examined could be evaluated. ER was positive in 7 (31.8%). Reasonable data are to be expected when the biopsy weight exceeds 0.1 g. Our study confirms that the necessary amount of tissue for ER analysis can indeed be extracted by ICNB. Our results justify further studies on a larger group of patients, since we cannot make conclusive statements concerning the value of this method for predicting the ultimate success of an endocrine treatment.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226676

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Two mouse monoclonal antiferritin antibodies were employed to detect tumors. In the first case a solitary hepatoma was defined, while in the second one, mediastinal metastases of breast cancer were detected. In both cases serum ferritin levels were raised. The availability of monoclonal antiferritin antibodies offers certain advantages over polyclonal antibodies (ease of production, purification and reproducibility). These antiferritin antibodies may be found useful in diagnosis and therapy of certain tumors.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226677

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The prevalence, clinical presentations, and diagnostic significance of the paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS) in the setting of a department of internal medicine in a community hospital was studied. During a 7-year period (1979–1985) a total of 167 patients among 11,000 hospitalized patients were diagnosed as having a malignant neoplasia previously unknown. From this group we selected all cases who presented with one or more of the known clinical PNSs. Forty-two cases, i.e., 25% fulfilled the selection criteria. Their prevalence in our population was higher than usually found in the literature. Sixteen different categories of PNS were observed. They occurred 55 times, since more than one PNS was present in 9 cases. No significant correlation was observed between any type of PNS and any particular class of malignant neoplasia. At the time of initial evalution, PNSs were associated with stage I malignancy in 15 cases, with stages II and III in 8 and 3 cases, respectively, and with stage IV in 22 cases. PNSs were the leading symptom or sign in 56% of the patients. In these patients the PNS determined the direction of work-up in the search for a malignant tumor. However, PNSs were essential for suspecting cancer in stage I of the disease in 6 cases only, i.e., 14%. We stress that awareness of the clinical implications of these syndromes may permit an earlier diagnosis of malignanc

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226678

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Humoral hypercalcemic syndrome associated with tumors of the female reproductive system is believed to be uncommon, and only 27 such cases have been identified prior to 1980. We describe 2 patients with humoral hypercalcemia in clear cell adenocarcinoma of the uterus, and review the literature on previously published cases. Both our patients fulfilled the criteria for humoral hypercalcemic syndrome, namely: hypercalcemia without bone metastases ranging from 12.8 to 14.1 mg/dl in the presence of normal serum parathyroid hormone levels, reduced tubular reabsorption of phosphate, and reduced serum albumin. We propose that humoral hypercalcemia is perhaps not a rare complication of uterine malignancy and, that increased awareness may result in early diagnosis of this important metabolic problem.

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226679

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The combination effects of Krestin® (PSK) and mitomycin C (MMC) were examined in experimental tumor models. PSK was administered either orally or intraperitoneally. Delayed-type footpad reaction and antibody formation against sheep erythrocytes were measured in hosts of which immune functions were depressed by tumor burden. Results of the experiment indicated that the simultaneous administration of PSK and MMC significantly increased the survival rate of tumor-bearing mice and restored more effectively their immune functions compared to those of nontreated tumor-bearing controls or tumor-bearing hosts treated with a single agent

ISSN:0030-2414    

DOI:10.1159/000226680

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger