ISSN:1055-0496    

DOI:10.1111/j.1521-0391.1993.tb00363.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1055-0496    

DOI:10.1111/j.1521-0391.1993.tb00364.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study contrasts the effects of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) on the phenomenology of alcohol and drug abuse for women compared with men. Eighty‐five women and 116 men in inpatient programs for alcohol and drug treatment were interviewed. Both ASPD men and women displayed an early onset of alcohol problems and amphetamine, marijuana, and cocaine abuse and dependence. However, ASPD in women did not correlate with low socioeconomic status, intravenous drug use, or family history of ASPD. ASPD appears to have some shared and some specific effects on the phenomenology of alcohol and drug abuse in wome

ISSN:1055-0496    

DOI:10.1111/j.1521-0391.1993.tb00365.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Sons of substance‐abusing (SA+) fathers and sons of control (SA‐) fathers were compared on measures of parental discipline, temperament, and problem behavior. It was found that discipline was less effective in 10–12‐year‐old boys of SA+ parents compared with boys of SA‐ parents. Children in the SA+ group also scored higher on the constellation of traits comprising a difficult temperament. In the SA+ group only, parental discipline explained a significant, albeit modest, amount of variance on the Child Behavior Checklist summary scores measuring the externalizing and internalizing behavior of the boys. Temperament did not exercise a moderating influence on the association between parental discipline a

ISSN:1055-0496    

DOI:10.1111/j.1521-0391.1993.tb00366.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

One hundred inpatients admitted to a substance abuse program were diagnosed for personality disorder and were followed up for substance use and adjustment 12 months after discharge. Use of all substances declined significantly. The personality disorder group had significantly greater decreases in the use of marijuana, amphetamines, and LSD, whereas the non‐personality disorder group had significantly greater decreases in the use of wine, beer, and hard liquor. The non‐personality disorder group was significantly more satisfied with their lives compared with the personality disorder group. Differentiated treatment approaches for patients with personality disorders may enhance long‐term response to trea

ISSN:1055-0496    

DOI:10.1111/j.1521-0391.1993.tb00367.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Naltrexone has been tested in numerous clinical trials for both safety and efficacy in the treatment of relapse to opioid dependence. In the doses used for this purpose, it has been found to be safe and pharmacologically effective. Recently it has been found that chronic treatment with naloxone or naltrexone produces supersensitivity to opioid agonists in rodents. Seven normal human volunteers were tested for opiate sensitivity, using morphine 8 mg iv before and after 2 weeks of naltrexone treatment at 50 mg po qd. There were no significant differences in morphine‐induced respiratory depression before or after naltrexone treatment. These results indicate that at the dose of morphine used in this study, it is unlikely that naltrexone maintenance would increase the risk of opiate toxicit

ISSN:1055-0496    

DOI:10.1111/j.1521-0391.1993.tb00368.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Data from a 6‐month placebo‐controlled, double‐blind study of buspirone in alcohol‐dependent subjects with generalized anxiety disorder were examined to determine if study completers and noncompleters differed on any identifiable characteristics. Twenty (29.9%) of 67 male veterans completed the 26‐week protocol. An equal number (n = 10) of the completers were from each treatment condition. The completers had significantly fewer prior treatments and detoxifications and less heavy drinking in the month before the study than the noncompleters. Characteristics related to the severity of alcoholism may influence retention and medication compliance of alcohol‐dependent subjects in pharmacologic treatm

ISSN:1055-0496    

DOI:10.1111/j.1521-0391.1993.tb00369.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Research concerning hypothesized relationships between parental alcoholism and conduct problems in their children has had mixed findings. In this study, general and specific aspects of a possible relationship between a history of parental substance abuse (a category including parental alcohol abuse and parental abuse of other substances) with antisocial behavior and severe aggressive/destructive behavior was studied by reviewing preadmission variables in a large group of hospital‐treated children and adolescents. The results indicated that various categories of more specifically defined parental substance abuse (e.g., substance abuse in fathers) were related to severe aggressive/destructive behavior and/or conduct disorder in their children. Parental abuse of nonalcohol substances appears to be more important than parental alcohol abuse in predicting severe aggressive and antisocial behavior. Substance abuse in fathers, especially abuse of substances other than alcohol, also seems more important than substance abuse in mothers in predicting severe aggression and conduct disorde

ISSN:1055-0496    

DOI:10.1111/j.1521-0391.1993.tb00370.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Theories concerning the etiology of alcoholism and commonly held beliefs suggest that anxiolytic effects of alcohol may be important in the development of problematic drinking. The effect of alcohol on anxiety has been studied through animal models, human experiments, and clinical observation. Human experiments have demonstrated that acute alcohol administration has anxiolytic effects. However, these effects depend on dose, the circumstances of administration, and subject characteristics. Systematic clinical observations show that anxiety disorders often precede and may contribute to alcohol abuse and dependence. Research is needed to determine the impact of anxiety symptoms on relapse and implications for treatment.

ISSN:1055-0496    

DOI:10.1111/j.1521-0391.1993.tb00371.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Eighteen outpatients dependent on both cocaine and alcohol were randomly assigned to disulfiram or naltrexone in an open pilot study. Disulfiram treatment resulted in significantly fewer days of alcohol and cocaine use, with longer sustained periods of abstinence from both substances.

ISSN:1055-0496    

DOI:10.1111/j.1521-0391.1993.tb00372.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY