摘要:

Previous studies of insulin binding to placentas of both insulin-dependent and untreated gestational diabetic patients have described placentas from diabetics to contain fewer insulin receptors than placentas from nondiabetic gravidas. However, these studies were done using membrane fractions prepared from the placentas and at a time when adequacy of antepartum glycemic control in the diabetic patients was not routinely evaluated by self blood sugar measurement or hemoglobin A1 assay. The current study compares specific 125I-insulin binding in vitro to intact placental villi from 15 normal patients with insulin binding to intact villi obtained from 15 insulin-dependent diabetic mothers whose fasting and postprandial blood sugars and hemoglobin A1 levels were maintained in a range normal for term pregnancy. We demonstrate that insulin binding to intact placental villi is the same in this group of diabetic patients as in the nondiabetic patients.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293288

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The binding of 3H-oxytocin (3H-OT) and 3H-arginine-vasopressin (3H-AVP) and the displacement from binding sites by four oxytocin analogues were studied in myometrial membrane preparations from full-term pregnant women. Specific 3H-OT binding was saturable with a maximal binding capacity of 76.1 fmol/mg DNA, and a dissociation constant of 0.5 pM. Corresponding values regarding 3H-AVP was 148.6 fmol/mg DNA and 0.7 pM. The oxytocin analogues tested demonstrated a high specific binding to the OT and AVP receptor sites; in fact, the affinity of the analogues to the 3H-AVP binding sites was higher than to the 3H-OT binding sites. The order of potency between the analogues was CAU > CAM > CAP > CAO and CAP > CAU > CAO > CAM for the OT and AVP binding sites, respectively. The displacement of oxytocin and arginine-vasopressin, respectively, from the myometrial receptor sites indicate partly separate binding sites for oxytocin and AVP and might implicate that AVP can be of importance in regulating myometrial activity in pregnancy. The results on oxytocin analogues imply that other pharmacological tests must be performed for quantification of the relaxing effects on the uterus and to determine the optimal analogue for clinical trials in preterm labor and dysmenorrhoea.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293289

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

First trimester legal abortions were induced in 20 patients by i.m. injection of a single dose of 1,000, 1,200 or 1,500 μg of sulprostone. Complete expulsion of the conceptus within 24 h occurred in 16 of the women. There was a tendency to a higher rate of complete expulsion, as well as gastrointestinal side effects, at higher dosages. No association was found between the completeness of expulsion and the patients’ serum progesterone levels before or after sulprostone injection.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293290

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000288438

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1909

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Seventy women requesting first trimester abortion and with amenorrhea of less than 42 days were treated with a single 600-mg dose of mifepristone. Mifepristone is a synthetic 19-norsteroid with strong progesterone receptor antagonist properties. Complete abortion was achieved in 56 women (80%), 2 women (3%) had an incomplete abortion and 12 women (17%) had a continuing pregnancy. No relationship between rate of success and gestational age could be demonstrated. There was no serious side effects and the treatment was favorably received by the women concerned. It is concluded that this treatment is a safe and very acceptable alternative to vacuum aspiration for termination of early pregnancy.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293291

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Habitual abortion is a difficult clinical problem, as no cause can be found for abortion in over 50% of patients. At the habitual abortion clinic of the Sheba Medical Center, immunological activity is tested and patients who are considered suitable are offered immunopotentiation with paternal leukocytes. Patients are only treated if they have no other cause for habitual abortion, no lupus anticoagulant and no antipaternal complement-dependent antibodies (APCA). Immunization is thought to potentiate the maternal immune response to paternal antigens encountered on the trophoblast. The production of APCA antibody indicates that an immune response has occurred. Of the 156 patients so far immunized, 109 have developed these antibodies. To date, 79 of these 156 patients have become pregnant. Sixty-seven patients (with 3–12 miscarriages each) belong to the antibody-positive group. Sixty-four of the 89 subsequent pregnancies have been carried past their previous dates of abortion. Forty-seven live births have occurred. By contrast, 12 patients have been pregnant in the antibody-negative group, of the 16 subsequent pregnancies only 6 were successful. A control group is available for comparison. This consists of patients suitable for immunization, but not immunized. Of these patients, only 11 of 30 pregnancies have been carried to term.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293292

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293293

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Erythrocyte zinc concentration and plasma thyroid hormones were measured in 32 patients admitted to hospital because of hyperemesis gravidarum. At presentation, 8 patients had elevated total and free thyroxine concentrations. The initial erythrocyte zinc concentration in these 8 patients was not different from the others, but in 5 of them, a transient drop in the erythrocyte zinc concentration was observed 2–12 weeks later, and which returned to normal towards the end of pregnancy. The lowest erythrocyte zinc concentration in the hyperthyroxinaemic group (171.0 ± 31.7μmol/l of RBC) was significantly lower than that of the normothyroxinaemic group (214.2 ± 33.9 μmol/l of RBC) (p < 0.01). This indicates that hyperthyroxinaemia in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum represents true hyperthyroidism, but is different from classical thyrotoxicosis in that the elevation of thyroid hormones is transient.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293294

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A total of 646 ultrasonic measurements of fetal liver size were made from 18 weeks of gestation through to term. After 29 weeks, size of the liver in the growth-retarded fetuses was significantly small as compared to findings in the control fetuses. The sensitivity and specificity for the detection of growth retardation were 0.86 and 0.89 at 33 weeks, 0.89 and 0.94 at 38 weeks and 0.89 and 0.89 at 40 weeks of gestation. Growth rate of the liver in the growth-retarded fetus was diminished as compared with findings in the control fetus. Also, a method of estimating fetal weight by ultrasonic measurement of the fetal liver size is described.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293295

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An instrument has been designed and manufactured to measure precisely in clinical practice the distensibility index of the human uterine cervix expressed as centimeters per kilogram. Operation of the instrument and possible errors measuring the cervical distensibility index in nonpregnant patients, during gestation and during the postpartum period, are presented. The ability to easily quantify the mechanical characteristics of the uterine cervix in humans throughout gestation will now allow one to carry out precise studies concerning pharmacologically induced cervical maturation or pathological modifications of the uterine cervix in cervical incompetence or threatened premature labor.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293296

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1990

数据来源: Karger