摘要:

It is now well recognized that the presence of early pregnancy factor (EPF) can signify the occurrence of fertilization, continuation of pregnancy and the existence of a viable embryo. With this in view, a study was undertaken to observe the potential of EPF as a marker in assessing embryo viability in cases complicated with vaginal bleeding during early pregnancy. The results indicated that the sensitivity of EPF as a marker in predicting threatened or missed abortion was 78.9% and the specificity 95.6%. The positive predictive value was observed to be 93.8% and the negative predictive value 84.6%. Our studies have shown that since EPF is present in viable but absent in non-viable pregnancies, it could be a useful marker of prognostic value in threatened abortions.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292528

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The action of prostaglandins E1 and F2α on adenylate cyclase and cAMP phosphodiesterase was assayed in cell membrane fractions of amnion obtained before and after labor from term physiological pregnancies. Both prostaglandins stimulate the activity of adenylate cyclase in a dose-dependent manner. After spontaneous delivery both prostaglandins stimulate the activity of phosphodiesterase at lower doses and inhibit it at higher ones while the stimulatory effect of low doses is missing before labor. Such a behavior could represent a mechanism for the preservation of the cAMP-mediated processes throughout the entire event of delivery.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292529

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To evaluate whether parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) plays any role in calcium metabolism during pregnancy and the perinatal period, we measured parathyroid hormone (PTH), immunoreactive PTHrP and calcium in maternal serum of women during pregnancy and puerperium, and in maternal and cord serum at delivery. Serum PTH levels in pregnant women were lower than those in nonpregnant women (p < 0.01). However, serum PTHrP levels were similar in the two groups of women. Cord serum total and ionic calcium levels were higher, and cord serum PTH levels were lower compared to maternal values (p < 0.01). Cord serum PTHrP levels were higher than maternal values, and umbilical arterial levels were higher than umbilical venous levels (p < 0.01). Higher levels of PTHrP in umbilical arterial blood than in umbilical venous blood suggest that the main source of cord blood PTHrP may be the fetus. PTHrP is reported to stimulate placental calcium transfer from mother to fetus in animals. The elevated cord blood PTHrP level in association with the decreased PTH level suggests that stimulation of placental calcium transfer by PTHrP may also be operative in humans.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292530

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The association between human leukocyte antigens (HLA) and the development of preeclampsia (PE) was studied in 48 women with PE and their partners. In 20 of the families, the HLA antigens of the child were also determined. In 8 of 15 cases (53%) of primigravidae with PE, the child shared at least 2 paternal antigens with the mother, whereas this was the case in only 1 of 26 (4%) children of healthy mothers (p < 0.001). In contrast to this, none of 6 children of multigravidae with PE shared 2 paternal antigens with the mother. An increased homozygosity at the HLA-B locus was also seen in the children of primigravidae with PE (40 vs. 4%, p = 0.01).

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292531

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

One hundred and forty-five cases of oligohydramnios in the second and third trimester were diagnosed by ultrasonography out of 25,000 obstetrics patients (0.58%). In this group, pregnancy complications included hypertension (22.1%) and bleeding in the second trimester (4.1%). We found a high incidence of meconium-stained amniotic fluid (29.1%), fetal distress (7.9%) and premature placental separation (4.2%). IUGR occurred in 24.5% of cases. Asphyxia during labor occurred in 11.5% and different other perinatal problems in 23.5%. Cesarean section was performed in 35.2% of these pregnancies. Seventeen percent of the cases presented as breech. Intrauterine fetal death occurred in 5.5% of these pregnancies. The gross perinatal mortality was 16% and the corrected perinatal mortality was 10.7%. The overall rate of fetal malformations was 11% and that of lethal malformations 4.8%. The skeletal (7.6%) and urinary system (4.1%) were the predominant systems affected. Oligohydramnios is associated with a higher rate of pregnancy complications and increased fetal morbidity and mortality, and thus termination should be considered when pulmonary maturity is present or in cases of fetal distress.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292532

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We present 4 cases of growth-retarded fetuses with fetal heart rate late decelerations and oligohydramnios. Doppler ultrasound revealed significantly decreased pulsatility index (PI) values of the middle cerebral artery; however, the PI values of the renal artery, femoral artery and umbilical artery were within normal ranges in all fetuses. Relative redistributions in the fetal circulatory system were shown with fetal hypoxemia without acidosis.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292533

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A reproducible and semiquantitative rat model for the evaluation of therapeutic modalities used for the prevention of postoperative adhesion formation is designed within three experiments. In all experiments, a standard peritoneal defect was excised, sutured and adhesion formation was evaluated after 2 weeks according to the extent. Variation in extent of adhesions and type of tissue involved depended on the experimental design. While neither cecum nor colon descendens participated in the adhesions after a clamping trauma, the uterine horn was found to participate in almost all cases, especially when sutured proximally and distally to the peritoneal defect. The peritoneal defect/uterine horn model proved to be valid and reproducible and allowed a semiquantitative scoring. Additionally, the amount of blood loss as graded did not influence the presented rat adhesion model.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292534

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We attempted to assess the association between hyperandrogenemia and inappropriate gonadotropin secretion in women with polycystic ovaries (PCO). Thirty-one patients diagnosed as PCO by ultrasonography were divided into two subgroups: 17 with high serum total testosterone (T) level ( > 0.5 ng/ml) and 14 with normal serum total T level ( < 0.5 ng/ml). Both subgroups presented for the complaints of oligomenorrhea and/or hirsutism. The control group consisted of 15 women with regular ovulation for reference data collection. The PCO subjects with normal T, but not those with high T, revealed remarkable depletion of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), as compared with control. The PCO subject groups with high and normal serum T did not differ with respect to estrogen level, androgen level, follicle-stimulating hormone and prolactin levels, and SHBG concentration. Solely serum luteinizing hor-mon (LH) level was observed to be higher in those with high T, as typical features, than another subgroup or control. These data suggest that an increase in bioactive T as a result of decrease in serum SHBG or LH elevation may contribute to ovarian dysfunction in the patient with PCO.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292535

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Vaginal washes from 55 women were investigated by means of an ELISA method for the presence of IgE antibodies against Candidaalbicans. These antibodies were detected in 87.1 % of patients with clinical acute vulvovaginal candidiasis (group I), 100% of patients with suspected vulvovaginal candidiasis but negative by microscopy and culture (group II), 0% of asymptomatic carriers (group III) and 33.3% of uninfected controls (group IV). Statistically significant differences were observed comparing groups I and II vs. groups III and IV. The highest IgE vaginal antibody titers were mostly at the expense of serotype A C albicans strains, which represented 83.3% of the C. albicans isolates. Non-C. albicans species also showed very low IgE levels. No correlation between serum and vaginal IgE was found. Furthermore, a second determination of vaginal IgE levels was performed in 3 patients. A decrease in IgE levels concomitant to a decline in clinical symptoms was observed in all of them after treatment.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292536

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

One hundred and sixty-four patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy for benign diseases were prospectively evaluated. The efficacy and safety of surgical prophylaxis with a single dose of the long-acting cefonicid was compared to the standard three dose regimen of cefazolin. Prophylaxis was successful in 82 of 85 (96.5%) patients receiving cefonicid and in 77 of 79 (97.5%) patients receiving cefazolin. No serious adverse effects were encountered with both drugs. It is concluded that single dose intravenous cefonicid, when given pre-operatively, is as safe and effective as the standard multiple dose regimen of cefazolin in patients undergoing elective abdominal hysterectomy.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292537

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger