摘要:

A comparison between the first-born twin A and the second-born twin B was made in 103 pairs of twins delivered vaginally at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wakayama Medical College, and at Kosaka Women’s Hospital. The twins were compared for birth weight, 1- and 5-min Apgar scores, and umbilical blood gas and pH. Although the mean values showed no significant difference in birth weight between twin A and twin B, the 1- and 5-min Apgar scores were higher for twin A, and the incidence of low 1-and 5-min Apgar scores was greater for twin B. The B twins with a birth weight < 2,500 g or delivered in the nonvertex presentation were especially at disadvantage. Blood gas analysis revealed a significant difference favoring twin A in umbilical PO2 and PCO2. The results of the present study suggest that there are differences at birth favoring the A twins despite similar perinatal mortality for both and that the B twins are at disadvantag

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293779

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

T4, T3, and reverse T3 (rT3) levels and the free thyroxine index were measured in blood collected from the intervillous space (IVS) after placental expulsion and compared to the values in maternal peripheral blood and in umbilical artery and umbilical vein of 21 clinically normal parturients and their conceptuses. T4 levels in maternal peripheral blood did not differ significantly from T4 levels in the IVS, but were significantly higher than those detected in umbilical vein and artery (p < 0.05). There was no difference in T4 levels between umbilical vein and artery. The free thyroxine index was similar for the maternal compartments (maternal peripheral blood and IVS), but differed significantly from the fetal compartments (umbilical vein and umbilical artery). T3 levels in maternal peripheral blood were significantly higher than in the IVS, both of these values being significantly higher than in the fetal compartments. There was no difference in T3 levels between umbilical vein and artery. rT3 levels of maternal peripheral blood were one third that of the IVS (p < 0.05). rT3 levels of the umbilical vein were 1.5 times higher than those of the IVS (p < 0.05) and 5.2 times higher than those of maternal peripheral blood (p < 0.005). No significant difference was obtained between umbilical vein and artery. The increase in rT3 and the decrease in T3 in the IVS in relation to maternal peripheral blood support the hypothesis that the placenta may preferentially convert T4 to rT3 at the expense of T3. The present data, however, do not permit the identification of the site where this conversion takes place.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293780

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The immunohistochemical localization of placental protein 21 (PP21) was marked in the syncytial brush border and basal membrane during the 1 st and 2nd trimesters of pregnancy and also in the chorionic epithelial brush border and basement membrane at term. A weaker stain was found in the cell membranes of amniotic epithelial and chorionic trophoblast cells. Neither heparin nor changes in temperature significantly influenced PP21 concentration. Relatively high serum PP21 concentrations were measured during the follicular and luteal phases in healthy nonpregnant women and in healthy men whose seminal plasma also showed a high PP21 concentration. Serum PP21 levels in normal pregnancy rose from a median of 29.1 ng/ml at 6–7 weeks of gestation to 82.0 ng/ml at 36–37 weeks of gestation. Although maternal urine showed low PP21 levels during pregnancy, amniotic fluid PP21 levels were higher at 7–21 weeks of gestation than at term. Cord blood sera showed almost the same PP21 concentration as maternal sera, but retroplacental blood showed much higher levels. Maternal serum PP21 levels in hydatidiform mole patients did not differ from the normal pregnancy range, although their molar vesicular fluids contained higher PP21 concentrations. These results suggest an extraplacental source for

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293791

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

With technological progress, blood pressure monitoring has become a procedure largely applied in medical practice but not adequately systematized under a biostatistical viewpoint. This paper shows the complexity and importance of the biomathematical approach and its clinical implications in preeclamptic pregnancy. Data series were analyzed by means of noninferential and inferential procedures of biostatistics. A progressive gain of information is obtained, the inferential procedures showing an analytical resolution able to discriminate fetal distress in preeclamptic pregnancy.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293793

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of parasympathetic (with atropine) and beta-adrenergic (with pro-pranolol) blockade on fetal heart rate variability (HRV) was studied in 162 term fetal Wistar rats. Administration of 1.3 mg of atropine into the jugular vein of the female rat led to an identical decrease of the RR interval in adult rats and in fetuses (about 10%). Administration of 2 mg of propranolol caused a rise in the RR interval by 19 % in rats and by 7–9 % in fetuses. Overall HRV indices (RMSM, CV) decrease was more pronounced in adult rats than in fetuses. Upon simultaneous administration of both blocking agents the RR interval in adult rats did not differ from the control values; in fetuses it was reduced by 6%. In adult rats HRV indices decreased considerably (by 70%) and their values were within the limits of the estimation error; in fetuses, HRV indices were no higher than upon the administration of any of the blocking agents. Umbilical cord clamping caused a decrease of PO2 in brain tissue from 24.7 ± 1.7 to 4.7 ± 0.8 mm Hg within 15 min and led to an immediate increase of the RR interval and the HRV indices if blocking agents were not used. The administration of one or both blocking agents abolished the initial (during the first 7 min of asphyxia) increase of RMSM and CV. Thus, HRV in fetal rats depends to a great extent on the activity of the autonomic nervous system, though it is not fully determined by it. Acute asphyxia causes stimulation of the autonomic nervous system leading to fetal distr

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293794

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The contractile effects of substance P and human calcitonin gene-related peptide (human CGRP) on isolated human intracervical arteries were studied. Human cervical tissue specimens were excised after hysterectomy at various phases of the menstrual cycle (n = 14) and small intracervical arteries were dissected free by microtechnique. Ring preparations of the vessels were prepared and mounted in organ baths, and isometric circular tension was recorded. Neither compound affected resting tension. Both peptides showed potent relaxing effects on vessels precontracted by noradrenaline 10––5M. Substance P exhibited the higher potency, while human CGRP showed the higher efficacy. The relaxing effects of the two compounds were unaffected by pretreatment with indomethacin 10––6M, propranolol 10––6M and atropine 10––6M. The results support a role for the two peptides in the regulation of cerv

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293795

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

β2-Adrenoceptors on lymphocytes from healthy nonpregnant and pregnant women and patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) were studied in vitro by a radioligand binding technique (125I-hydroxybenzylpindolol) and related to in vivo responses to infused adrenaline. Healthy pregnant women had significantly fewer β2-adrenoceptor binding sites than nonpregnant controls (47.1 ± 5.6 vs. 73.6 ± 10.5 fmol × mg––1 protein), PIH patients displaying intermediate values. Adrenaline-induced increases in plasma cyclic AMP (a β2-mediated in vivo response) also tended to be reduced during normal pregnancy. The systemic vasodilatation evoked by intravenously infused adrenaline and the density of lymphocyte β2-adrenoceptor binding sites were positively related in the nonpregnant controls (r = 0.50), but inversely related in both the pregnant controls (r = ––0.40) and the PIH patients (r = ––0.70). These regression lines differed significantly. The present results indicate a reduction of β2-adrenoceptor function during normal pregnancy, which is less pronounced in PIH, as well as an altered relationship between β2-mediated vasodilator responses and densities of β2-adrenoceptors on lymphoc

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293796

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The present study was undertaken to test the parallel detectability of ovarian cancer antigen CA 125 and gastrointestinal cancer antigen CA 19-9 in the sera of patients with malignant ovarian tumors, benign ovarian tumors, endometrial cancers, cervical cancers, colorectal cancers, and trophoblastic tumors and in early 1st-trimester pregnant as well as in healthy nonpregnant controls. In all kinds of gynecologic and colorectal tumors raised concentrations of both antigens were found with the exception of malignant nonepithelial ovarian tumors where neither of the antigens showed positive reaction. The most positive cases were found in the group with epithelial ovarian cancers. Of the two antigens CA 125 was the more responsive. No positive cases were found with either of the antigens in non-pregnant healthy controls or in patients with benign ovarian tumors. The parallel determination of the two antigens gives us a better opportunity to recognize pelvic tumors and further may enable us to distinguish ovarian and colorectal tumors.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293797

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The succenturiate placenta is a morphological abnormality, the antenatal recognition of which is important as vessels connecting the main placenta with the succenturiate placenta may rupture during labor and fetal death may ensue. In addition, retention of the placental material may lead to postpartum hemorrhage. We treated 5 patients with a succenturiate placenta and the antenatal ultrasonograms and related discussions are presented herein.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293798

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A case of an allergic reaction to synthetic oxytocin administered during cesarean section is reported. Epinephrine was more effective in improving the severe hypotension than ephedrine. The incidence of anaphylactoid reaction to oxytocin is very low, but this potential problem must always be kept in mind in daily obstetric practice.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000293799

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger