摘要:

Smoking habits of 597 pregnant women were investigated; 48.6% of the women smoked during pregnancy. Percentile birth weight proved to be decreased compared with the Amsterdam birth weight charts. This decrease could be attributed largely to smoking in pregnancy. Mean birth weight was significantly lower in smokers than in nonsmokers (230 g; p < 0.01). Placental weight and menstrual age were not affected by smoking during pregnancy. A statistically significant higher incidence of hypertension in pregnancy in the nonsmokers group compared with the smokers group (p < 0.05) was established.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000299009

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Haemodynamic investigations, partly using invasive monitoring, concerning interactions between the β-mimetic effect of fenoterol and the α-sympathetic blockade of spinal or epidural anaesthesia were made in a total of 49 patients during pregnancy, during cae-sarean section and in non-pregnant women. Haemodynamic effects of fenoterol during regional anaesthesia were compared with those during general anaesthesia (n = 17). Epidural or spinal anaesthesia enhance vascular β-mimetic reactions at the start of tocolysis, leading to a profound but short-lasting decrease in blood pressure. This initial hypotension is more pronounced after regional than after general anaesthesia.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000299010

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The ascorbate-dependent lipid peroxidation in the microsomal fraction of at term placentas and fetal membranes were studied. In preliminary experiments, the optimum conditions for the measurement of this reaction were determined. Lipid peroxidation was significantly higher in the chorion and amnion compared to the placenta. In both fetal membranes, but not in the placenta, the reaction was enhanced by arachidonic acid and inhibited by indomethacin. The results indicate that the ascorbate-dependent lipid peroxidation in the fetal membranes is specific for prostaglandin synthetase activity and that these tissues are a major site of prostaglandin synthesis.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000299011

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In 20 healthy pregnant women placental blood pool was estimated by means of placental scintigrams before, during and after infusion of either prostacyclin (PGI2) or placebo for 10 min to study the effect of PGI2 on the local regulation of uterine blood flow. There was no difference in the mean number of counts between the PGI2- and the placebo-treated group. Therefore no effect of PGI2 on uteroplacental blood pool could be detected in healthy gravidae.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000299012

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Hemostatic parameters, especially soluble fibrin monomer complexes, have been studied in 114 patients with intrauterine fetal death. The patients were classified into three groups according to the duration of fetal retention. A correlation was observed between a longer duration of fetal retention and the hemostatic alteration. Moreover, in the groups of patients in which this hemostatic disorder was more evident, an improvement in these alterations was detected after fetal evacuation. A hemorrhagic picture with consumption of coagulation factors and cross-linked fibrin oligomers was detected after uterine evacuation in only 1 case and required an emergency hysterectomy and the administration of blood and plasma. In the rest of the patients, fetal evacuation was sufficient to normalize the parameters and no hemorrhagic complications were observed. The favorable evolution and minimal hemostatic alterations in the majority of the patients with intrauterine fetal death, when early obstetric management was established, are discussed.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000299013

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The authors developed a new radioisotope technique to measure placental blood flow for early detection of placental insufficiency. Using this method placental perfusion has been measured in 20 healthy pregnant women and in 15 pregnancies complicated with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). The T-maximum pictures obtained made it possible to differentiate between the vascular and intervillous phases of placental blood flow. The time period of intervillous phase calculated as the percent of the whole placental T-maximum was given as the intervillous perfusion index (IPI). It has been demonstrated that IPI is significantly longer in IUGR pregnancies (67.0 ± 14.6) than in the control group (31.6 ± 10.7). These data suggest that the first sign of placental insufficiency is the prolongation of IPI, which is likely to precede the quantitative reduction of placental perfusion.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000299014

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of two different doses (40 and 80 mg orally) of fenfluramine on serum prolactin (PRL) levels have been evaluated in healthy and hyperprolactinemic women and compared with those of the potent dopamine antagonist sulpiride (100 mg i.m.). The lower fenfluramine dose resulted in a significant PRL rise in healthy women (n = 16) but not in hyperprolactinemics (n = 14). A dose-response effect was shown between 40 and 80 mg in control subjects (n = 7); in 4 hyperprolactinemics the higher dose also failed to increase PRL levels. Sulpiride resulted in a much greater PRL response. Since fenfluramine at the low doses used does not seem to exert antidopaminergic action, it is suggested that the mild PRL stimulation observed be mediated by the known brain serotoninergic activation induced by the drug.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000299015

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A study of the tissue and intracellular distribution of estradiol receptors was made of the uterine endometrium of the rat, using an immunofluorescence technique. It was found that nearly all cells of the uterine gland have a uniform distribution of receptors, which does not change throughout the sexual cycle from proestrus to estrus. In contrast, a dense pattern of distribution of estradiol receptors was seen in the endometrial stroma during proestrus, whereas a diffuse pattern was seen during estrus. Intracellularly, the transition from the cytoplasm to the nucleus of estradiol reacting to receptors was found to be positively correlated with the incubation temperature and the length of incubation.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000299016

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Receptors for estrogens, progesterone and androgens were assayed in 6 specimens of normal vulvar tissue and in 9 specimens of carcinomatous vulvar tissue. These receptors were not always present in all specimens examined. In both normal and carcinomatous tissues receptor concentration was highly variable. Malignant tissues did not show significant changes in values compared to normal tissue.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000299017

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The cell lineage in preimplantation mouse embryos was studied by injecting rabbit IgG into zygotes or into a blastomere of early or late 2-cell, 3- or 4-cell stage embryos. The localization of the IgG was detected by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. It was found that starting from the late 2-cell stage, lineage could be followed up to the cell populations of the blastocyst, inner cell mass and trophectoderm.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000299018

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1985

数据来源: Karger