摘要:

We studied the effects of bolus injections and infusion of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in female rabbits by measuring serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), antithrombin III (AT-III), thrombin antithrombin (TAT) complexes, platelet counts and indirect bilirubin. Two successive bolus doses of 0.125 and 0.25 nmol/kg of ET-1 with an interval of 30 min were given to conscious non-pregnant female rabbits (n = 8). GOT, GPT and LDH were found to be significantly increased after injections of ET-1 (p < 0.02, p < 0.04 and p < 0.05, respectively). The percent AT-III activity decreased significantly (p < 0.005). Vasospasm of the hepatic artery was demonstrated by angiography with the same bolus doses in rabbits. There was also an increase in GOT (p < 0.003), GPT (p < 0.05), LDH (p < 0.007), indirect bilirubin (p > 0.07) and TAT complexes (p < 0.02) and a decrease in AT-III (p < 0.03) and platelet counts (p < 0.02) in rabbits (n = 10) after 24 h of continuous infusion of ET-1 (0.6 nmol/kg/h). Histological examination of rabbit liver tissues showed varying degrees of ischemic necrosis of hepatocytes. Thus this study suggests that exogenously administered ET-1 causes vasospasm and liver ischemia resulting in HELLP syndrome-like blood parameters in rabbits.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292699

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A local decrease in progesterone synthesis in the placenta and fetal membranes has long been proposed as a possible mechanism in the control of human labor. We have examined whether changes occur in the abundance of mRNA for 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5→·Δ4 isomerase (3β-HSD), the enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone in human placenta and fetal membranes, by Northern blot analysis using a cDNA probe to human placental type-I 3β-HSD, the predominant isoenzyme in the placenta. The abundance of 3β-HSD mRNA (1.7-kb transcript) was about 10-fold greater in term placenta than in chorio-decidua, but undetecta-ble in total RNA from amnion. There was no change in the abundance of 3β-HSD mRNA in either placenta or chorio-decidua obtained after elective cesarean section at term, after preterm labor, or after term or postterm vaginal delivery. We conclude that the abundance of 3β-HSD mRNA does not change in the placenta or fetal membranes with labor, consistent with the view that changes in 3β-HSD gene expression and decreased progesterone production are unlikely to effect intrauterine paracrine/autocrine regulatory mechanisms leading to term or preterm lab

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292700

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Plasma levels of tumor markers (CEA, TPA, CA 15.3, CA 125, α-fetoprotein) for 50 patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were compared with those of 50 healthy women with singleton pregnancies and 50 healthy non-pregnant controls. With the exception of CEA all tumor marker values were higher in pregnant women, these differences being statistically significant (all p < 0.0001). Alpha-fetoprotein was lower in hypertensive than in healthy pregnant women (p = 0.0004), whereas CEA, CA 15.3 and CA 125 showed no statistically significant differences. TPA values in patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (median 190 U/l) were 2.7 times higher than those of healthy pregnant controls (median 70.5 U/l) with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.0001). The individual degrees of disease severity demonstrated increasing TPA medians (pregnancy-induced hypertension: 106.5 U/l; pre-eclampsia: 200 U/l; HELLP syndrome: 339 U/l). TPA levels correlated positively with clinical severity of disease and negatively with fetal (rS = –0.58; p < 0.0001) and placental weight (rS = –0.44; p = 0.01).

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292701

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) has potent vasoconstrictor effects and thus may be involved in regulating fetoplacental vascular resistance. By using quantitative in vitro autoradiography, the 125I-ET-1 binding sites in human placentas and umbilical vessels were localized and quantified. A high density of specific I25I-ET-1 binding sites was found in the placental villi and vessels. In the media of umbilical vessels, affinity for the peptide was higher in arteries than in veins. In all structures, 125I-ET-1 binding was inhibited with unlabeled ET-1 in the picomolar range. Unrelated peptides such as oxytocin or atrial natriuretic peptide failed to compete for 125I-ET-1 binding. The localization of binding sites points to a regulation of hemodynamic functions of ET-1 on the fetal side of the placental circulation and supports evidence regarding ET-1 as a paracrine-acting vasoconstrictor.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292702

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In pre-eclampsia (PE), reduced levels of plasma urokinase-like plasminogen activator (u-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 (PAI-2), and increased levels of plasma tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) antigen were seen. The majority of moderate and severe pre-eclamptic women (7 out of 10) ended up with pre-term delivery as compared with 2 out of 11 who went on to term. Patients with moderate and severe PE had significantly lower levels (mean ± SD, ng/ml) of PAI-2 (58.4 ± 34.9) and u-PA antigen (1.61 ± 0.62) as compared to those with mild PE (95.6 ± 39.3 and 1.61 ± 0.62 and 2.12 ± 0.61, respectively). Significantly raised t-PA antigen (14.6 ± 5.7 ng/ml) was seen in moderate and severe PE as compared with mild PE (9.9 ± 3.4 ng/ml). PAI-1 activity was significantly raised only in moderate and severe PE as compared with normal pregnancy. There were no significant differences in thrombin-antithrombin-III complexes, D-dimer and β-thromboglobulin levels between the PE group and normal pregnancy, although these parameters were above the non-pregnant levels. Platelets in PE were within the range found in normal pregnancy. It appears that measurements of plasma u-PA and PAI-2 levels in patients with PE may have prognostic value in determining the outcome of pregnancy in this pregnancy disorder.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292703

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is directly correlated with the pre-human chorionic gonadotropin blood estrogen (E) levels. The higher the E content, the greater the chances of OHSS. However, even when the E levels are very high, only 2.96% of the patients developed severe OHSS. Younger women with primary ovarian dysfunction are more at risk than older women. Human chorionic gonadotropin should be withheld when the estradiol levels are over 4,000 pg/ml; however, the patients should be individualized, since some patients – particularly older women – may require higher blood estradiol levels for successful ovulation induction.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292704

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Ten women with unexplained infertility, who conceived by intrauterine insemination (IUI) or timed intercourse under controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, were analyzed to investigate the difference of hormonal environment at the periovulatory phase. Forty-two cycles were divided into three groups: the pregnant cycle group, the high luteinizing hormone (LH) group (LH = 60 mlU/ml on day –1: the day of human chorionic gonadotropin administration) of nonpregnant cycles and the low LH group (LH < 60 mlU/ml on day –1) of nonpregnant cycles. Progesterone (P4)/estradiol (E2) ratios of the high LH group on day –1 and day 0 were significantly higher than those of each corresponding day in the pregnant cycle. On the other hand, P4/E2 ratio of the low LH group on day + 1 was significantly lower. P4/E2 ratio but absolute level of each hormone showed a high indicative value for the estimation of abnormal hormonal environment. It is concluded that the P4/E2 ratio at the periovulatory phase is a good parameter to estimate the efficacy of the method for ovulation induction.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292705

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We measured the progesterone, estradiol (E2), serotonin (5-HT), noradrenaline (NA) and dopamine (DA) contents of follicular fluid (FF) samples obtained from 35 patients undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Progesterone and E2 were determined by radioimmunoassay, and monoamines were measured by a spectrofluorimetric method. Significantly higher progesterone and NA levels were found (p < 0.01) in FF from cycles in which the oocyte cleaved and resulted in pregnancy compared to FF containing uncleaved oocytes. NA and DA contents were significantly higher in FF from cycles resulting in pregnancy than in FF containing cleaved oocytes not resulting in pregnancy (p < 0.01). There were significantly lower NA and 5-HT levels in FF containing uncleaved oocytes compared to the latter group (p < 0.05). Significant positive correlations were found between progesterone and 5-HT (r = 0.67) and between NA and DA (r = 0.93) in the pregnant group; between progesterone and E2 (r = 0.84) in FF containing uncleaved oocytes; between progesterone and E2 (r = 0.71) and between NA and DA (r = 0.62) in FF from cycles in which the oocyte cleaved but did not result in pregnancy. The results suggest that the follicular hormonal changes associated with oocyte maturation may be locally modulated by monoamines.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292706

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Thirty-six patients with hypermenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and/or anemia were examined by transvaginal sonography (TVS) and by transvaginal hysterosonography using an endometrial balloon catheter and saline (TVHS). Those patients who showed distinct intramural myomas by TVS were excluded from this study. Of 36 patients, 22 were diagnosed with submucous myomas, 10 with intramural myomas, and 4 with endometrial polyps by TVS, but 20 patients were diagnosed as having submucous myomas, 12 patients intramural myomas, and 4 patients endometrial polyps by TVHS. The correlation between ultrasound findings and surgery (hysterectomy or hysteroscopy) indicated that there were 13 misdiagnoses (36%) by TVS and only one misdiagnosis (2.8%) by TVHS.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292707

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An extremely rare case of partial hydatidiform mole located in the right Fallopian tube was diagnosed by ultrasonography and computed tomography. The lesion was excised, and the human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) level in early morning urine fell below 1,000 IU/ml on postoperative day 11, and the serum HCG-β level normalized on postoperative day 46.

ISSN:0378-7346    

DOI:10.1159/000292708

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger