ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1996.tb00850.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1996.tb00851.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study examined psychiatrically disturbed adolescents' history of exposure to suicide attempts, completions, and other deaths in relation to attitudes about life and death. A primary goal of the study was to study the mediating processes involved in the impact of loss on suicidality. Adolescents who experienced the suicide of a friend or immediate family member reported a weaker attraction to life and stronger attraction to death than adolescents lacking this experience. Exposure to attempted suicide resulted in attitudes indicating a stronger attraction to death and repulsion by life. We conclude that a comprehensive history of loss and assessment of current attitudes toward death are important aspects of evaluation and subsequent treatment of at‐risk adolescent

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1996.tb00252.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We attempted to disentangle the interrelations between hopelessness, loneliness, and suicidal ideation, by comparing two conceptually driven models of their relationships, prospectively among 234 undergraduates, using a series of multiple regression/correlation equations. Model 1 framed loneliness as a risk factor for future suicidally that operates via its influence on hopelessness (the mediational view). Model 2 viewed hopelessness as a source variable that is predictive of both loneliness and suicidally, and postulated no relation between loneliness and suicidality beyond hopelessness. Model 2 received support, whereas Model 1 did not. We discuss the implications of our findings for the nomological status of hopelessness and loneliness as correlates of suicidality, and for exploration of the structural interrelations of suicide‐related variables in genera

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1996.tb00253.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Native Hawaiian high school students,N= 1779, were surveyed for symptoms of psycho‐pathology and suicide attempts in the previous 6 months. Seventy‐seven (4.3%) of the students reported making a suicide attempt. There were no significant differences in prevalence rates for males and females. Depression, anxiety, aggression, substance abuse symptoms, and low family support, but not peer support, were significantly correlated with suicide attempts. On logistic regression, depression, substance abuse, and family support independently predicted attempts. The lack of gender difference may indicate a cultural characteristic of the Hawaiian population that differentiates it from mainstream American populations but likens it to the Native American populat

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1996.tb00254.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The identification of high‐risk adolescent suicide attempters in a population of depressed and suicidal adolescents is of crucial importance. This retrospective study examined characteristics of suicidality (recent and lifetime, active and passive) and psychopathology (depression, aggression, impulsivity, stressful life events, SCL‐90 dimensions) among four groups of depressed adolescent outpatients: (1) suicide attempters who required medical treatment (n= 84), (2) suicide attempters who did not require medical treatment (n= 57), (3) suicidal ideators who had never made a suicide attempt (n= 40), and (4) nonsuicidal patients (n= 44). Results indicate that the nonsuicidal group could be differentiated from the three suicidal groups on the basis of suicidality and psychopathology, and that the three suicidal groups could be differentiated from one another on the basis of suicidality but not psychopathology. These findings are discussed in terms of the usefulness of certain self‐report measures of suicidality for identifying suicidal adolescents and for differentiating among them. Furthermore, the findings suggest that psychopathological factors do not determine which suicidal adolescents make a medically dangerous suicide attempt and which d

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1996.tb00255.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A review was carried out on empirical studies on the classification of attempted suicide over the period 1963‐1993. Our aim was to investigate whether there is research evidence for a valid classification of homogeneous subgroups of suicide attempters. After assessment of the research quality, 32 studies were selected for comparison. Although there is lack of consistency among the studies, indications were found for two clearly distinguished subgroups characterized by mild and severe suicide attempts, which constitute the opposite poles of a one‐dimensional concept of sever

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1996.tb00256.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a sample of students, preference for country and western music was not associated with depression or suicidal preoccupation as has been suggested by Stack and Gundlach. However, preference for heavy metal music was associated with prior suicidal ideation. Stronger associations were found between music preferences and measures of psychoticism and extraversion.

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1996.tb00257.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Suicide among older women (65 +) has received very little attention despite increasing numbers of suicides in this population. An examination of national mortality data from the National Center for Health Statistics for the years 1979 through 1992 shows an increasing trend in rates of suicide among older women and a declining trend among women under 65. Over the 14‐year period, firearms replaced poisoning as the most prevalent method of suicide by women 65 and over. The results seem consistent with the assertion that the availability, familiarity, and cultural acceptability of firearms may play a role in the choice of suicide method among older women. Although violent death and the use of firearms are generally associated with males in our society, the trends reported here indicate that greater attention to firearm suicides among older women is warrante

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1996.tb00258.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The authors assessed sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of official police suicide rates and compared them to municipal workers. Deaths officially classified as suicide, accidental, and undetermined were submitted to a panel of medical examiners for validation. Six cases originally in the accident and undetermined rubric were reclassified as suicide. Official police suicide rates had less sensitivity (83.3% compared to 92.3%) of actual suicides than municipal worker rates. Police suicide rates also showed a lower negative proportion than municipal worker rates (86.2% compared to 98.7%). A generalizable sensitivity proportion equation for assessing suicide rates in other police groups is presented.

ISSN:0363-0234    

DOI:10.1111/j.1943-278X.1996.tb00259.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY