摘要:

AbstractThe intent of this paper is to demonstrate that the theory of stationary point processes is a useful tool for the analysis of stationary inventory systems. In conventional inventory theory, the equilibrium distributions for a specified inventory policy are obtained, whenever possible, by recursive or limiting procedures, or both. A different and more direct approach, based on stationary point processes, is proposed here. The time instants at which stock delivery is effected are viewed as points of the stationary point process, which possesses uniform statistical properties on the entire real axis; hence the equilibrium statistics of the inventory process can be calculated directly. In order to best illustrate this approach, various examples are given, including some that constitute new results.

ISSN:0028-1441    

DOI:10.1002/nav.3800160101

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0028-1441    

DOI:10.1002/nav.3800160102

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLogistic distribution is widely used in describing biological, engineering, industrial, and various other types of data. In this paper it is shown that this distribution is a special case of a compound generalized extreme value distribution which is derived by compounding a generalized extreme value distribution with a gamma distribution. The paper contains several useful results relevant to these distribution functions.

ISSN:0028-1441    

DOI:10.1002/nav.3800160103

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe first present a survey on the theory of semi‐infinite programming as a generalization of linear programming and convex duality theory. By the pairing of a finite dimensional vector space over an arbitrarily ordered field with a generalized finite sequence space, the major theorems of linear programming are generalized. When applied to Euclidean spaces, semi‐infinite programming theory yields a dual theorem associating as dual problems minimization of an arbitrary convex function over an arbitrary convex set in n‐space with maximization of a linear function in non‐negative variables of a generalized finite sequence space subject to a finite system of linear equations.We then present a new generalization of the Kuhn‐Tucker saddle‐point equivalence theorem for arbitrary convex functions in n‐space where differentiability is no l

ISSN:0028-1441    

DOI:10.1002/nav.3800160104

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn this paper an attempt is made to derive two interval utility measures for public goods. The domain of the measures is partitioned into priority classes in such a way that each class contains an element, called a kernel, which can be moved by parameter variation to the immediately preceding class. The “expansion path” from priority class to priority class is determined by an optimality criterion. The measures themselves are based on optimality conditions that are similar to the familiar first‐order conditions of consumer analysis. One is a product measure and the other one is add

ISSN:0028-1441    

DOI:10.1002/nav.3800160105

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIncentive contracts are intended to motivate defense contractors to perform more efficiently and control costs more closely. By increasing the total profit as actual costs are reduced below a predetermined cost target, they encourage contractors to achieve cost under runs. Consequently, the principal advantage claimed for these contracts is that they make the financial incentives to reduce costs more effective.This study examines the effectiveness of incentive contracts as a means for controlling defense procurement costs. The study considers the various effects that incentive contracts may have on both contractors' performance and contract costs, and presents empirical evidence suggesting that these contracts may not have accomplished their intended goal of increased efficiency and lower procurement costs.

ISSN:0028-1441    

DOI:10.1002/nav.3800160106

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe system to be controlled produces n products simultaneously in fixed proportions every time it is activated. Demands for the products in any period are components of an n dimensional vector random variable with known distribution function. Cases of excess demands backlogged and excess demands lost are considered. In the former the notion of k convexity can be generalized to guarantee relatively simple form for the optimal policy in an n decision problem. In the latter, this generalization was not successful although when there is no setup cost, a convexity argument can be used to show that the optimal policy has a simple form.

ISSN:0028-1441    

DOI:10.1002/nav.3800160107

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe consider the problem of minimizing the sum of production, employment smoothing, and inventory costs over a finite number of time periods where demands are known. The fundamental difference between our model and that treated in [1] is that here we permit the smoothing cost to be nonstationary, thereby admitting a model with discounting. We show that the values of the instrumental variables are nondecreasing in time when demands are nondecreasing. We also derive some asymptotic properties of optimal policies.

ISSN:0028-1441    

DOI:10.1002/nav.3800160108

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlthough industry is expected to design hardware to fit into a general support system and to be capable of arguing life‐cycle system costs, adequate information has not been available on the support system in terms of policies and operating decision rules. Policies and operating decisions by users dominate engineering design decisions in determining life‐cycle support costs. The relative effect of each of these decision areas on support costs has yet to be resolved empirically. Without an understanding of the sensitivity of support costs to alternative designs, capability is limited in design improvement and support of end items. Life‐cycle costing of analysis under cost‐effectiveness and the maintainability of integrated logistics support is open to q

ISSN:0028-1441    

DOI:10.1002/nav.3800160109

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlthough cycling in the simplex method has long been known, a number of theoretical questions concerning cycling have not been fully answered. One of these, stated in [3], is to find the smallest example of cycling, and Beale's example with three equations and seven variables is conjectured to be the smallest one. The exact bounds on dimensions of cycling examples are established in this paper. We show that Beale's example is the smallest one which cycles at a non‐optimal solution, that a smaller one can cycle at the optimum, and that, in general (including the completely degenerate case), a cycling example must have at least two equations, at least six variables, and at least three non‐basic variables. Examples and geometries are given for the extreme cases, showing that the bounds are sh

ISSN:0028-1441    

DOI:10.1002/nav.3800160110

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1969

数据来源: WILEY