摘要:

Abstract.The mountain midges (Diptera: Deuterophlebiidae) of the Palaearctic Region are revised to include eight species. Four new species are described:D. brachyrhinasp. nov.,D.oporinasp. nov. andD. blepharissp.nov. from the Himalayas (Assam and Sikkim), andD.bicarinatasp. nov. from southern Korea. A lectotype is designated forD.mirabilisEdwards, and a key to adult males of all Palaearctic species is provided.Larval, pupal and adult characters were used to reconstruct the phylogenetic and biogeographic relationships of world species of Deuterophlebiidae. Based on features of the adult male, the Himalayan speciesD. brachyrhinaandD. oporinaare considered the most primitive deuterophlebiids. The Nearctic speciesD. inyoensisis proposed as the sister group of the remaining species. Relationships among the latter are based primarily on larval and pupal characters; however, lack of information about the immature stages of several Palaearctic species contributes to a poorly resolved phylogeny. Several alternative hypotheses are presented and discussed. All phylogenetic alternatives suggest that the Nearctic fauna originated from at least two invasions of North America.

ISSN:0307-6970    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1994.tb00576.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A phylogenetic analysis is carried out using Falagriini as the sister taxon of the tribe Sceptobiini. The trees resulting from a series of matrix manipulations and analyses are highly congruent. Two clades are produced:Dinardillaincludes two species, andSceptobiusincludes three species.SymbiocharaFenyes andApteroninaWasmann are synonymized withSceptobiusSharp, andApteronina wasmanniMann is synonymized withSceptobius disparSharp.All sceptobiine species are obligate inquilines of eitherLiometopum apiculatumMayr orL.occidentaleWheeler (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Dolichoderinae). Preliminary behavioural observations indicate that the subdivision into two clades is reflected in the types of interactions with host ants.Dinardillabeetles actively interact with the host, whileSceptobiusbeetles are more peripheral within the nest. These ecological and behavioural differences are believed to be produced by an interaction between ecological specialization, chance historical events, and geographic isolation during the speciation of the host ants.

ISSN:0307-6970    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1994.tb00577.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The myrmicine ant genusLophomyrmexis fully revised and transferred from tribe Pheidologetonini to Pheidolini (tribal transfer: Pheidolini, senior synonym of Lophomyrmecini syn.n.). Ten species are recognized, which are placed into two species groups. Thequadrispinosusgroup, characterized by the presence of pronotal teeth or spines, includesbirmanus, kalisp.n.,opacicepsstat.n. (=javanasyn.n.),quadrispinosus(=taprobanaesyn.n.) andtaivanaestat.n. Thebedotigroup, in which the pronotum is dorsolateraly marginate, includesambiguussp.n.,bedoti, longicomissp.n.,lucidusstat.n. andstrialulussp.n. A key to the worker caste is presented and descriptions of known sexual forms are given.

ISSN:0307-6970    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1994.tb00578.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A new subfamily of braconid wasps, the Mendesellinae, is proposed and described. It is represented by two genera and nine species, all newly described:Mendesellagen.n., type speciesM.amazonicasp.n.,M.braziliensls, sp.n.,M.magnasp.n.,Epsilogastergen.n., type speciesE.bicolorsp.n.,E.brazMensissp.n.,E.durenosp.n.,E.palenquesp.n.,E.ticosp.n. andE.panamasp.n. The phylogenetic relationships among the subfamilies of the ‘microgastroid assemblage’ of Braconidae are reviewed and analysed, to clarify the status and relationships of the new subfam

ISSN:0307-6970    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1994.tb00579.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.A cladistic analysis of thirty‐five morphological characters is used to produce a cladogram for the twenty‐four American species ofSialisfound north of Mexico, two European species, and three species ofProtosialis. Three species groups (americana, califomicaandinfumata) proposed by Ross 1937 are shown to be monophyletic.Sialis, Protosialis, and theaequalisspecies group as currently constituted, are paraphyletic;S.nevadensisis nested withinProtosialisandProtosialisis nested withinSialis. Character evolution is evaluated in the light of a phylogenetic hypothesis, and structural modifications are found to correlate with presumed functional constrai

ISSN:0307-6970    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1994.tb00580.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY