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Proceedings of the Chemical Society, Vol. 30, No. 428 |
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Proceedings of the Chemical Society, London,
Volume 30,
Issue 428,
1914,
Page 89-130
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摘要:
[Issued 17/4/14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY. Vol. 30 No.428. Thursday, March 26th, 1914, Annual General Meeting, Professor W. H. PERKIN,LL.D., F.R.S., President, in the Chair. Dr. M. 0. FORSTERdrew attention to an article signed by Pro-fessor H. E. Armstrong, appearing in the Chemical World for March, 1914, and asked the President the following question: “What action have the Council taken or do they propose taking to defend one of their salaried officials from an imputa- tion of inefficiency uttered in a public journal by a Vice-President who has filled the office of President? ” The PRESIDENT,in reply, stated that the matter had received the earnest attention of the Council, who had passed the following Resolution : “ That the Council of the Chemical Society emphatically repudiates the uncalled-for remarks made by Professor Arm- strong in an article in the March, 1914, number of the Chemical World which appear to imply literary incompetence on the part of the Editor of the Society’s Publications, and offers to Dr.Cain an expression of its continued confidence in and appreciation of his work as Editor.” and that a copy of this Resolution had been sent to Professor H. E. Armstrong, Dr. J. C. Cain, and also to the Editor of the Chemical World, asking him to insert the Resolution in a prominent position in the next number of that journal. 90 Dr. G. D. LANDERand Dr. F. L. PYMANwere appointed Scrutators, and the ballot was opened for the election of Officers and Council for the ensuing year.The Report of the Council on the Progress of the Society during the past year was presented, and the Treasurer made a statement as to the income and expenditure. The adopt,ion of the Report of Council, together with the Balance Sheet and Statement of Accounts for the year ended December 31st, 1913, was proposed by Dr. N. V. SIDGWICK,seconded by Dr. R. H. PICKARD,and carried unanimously. A vote of thanks to the Auditors was proposed by the TREASURERand acknowledged by Dr. S. RIDEAL. REPORT OF COUNCIL, 1913-1914. THE Council are gratified to be able to report that the member- ship of the Society has continued to expand during the past year. On December 31st, 1912, the number of Fellows was 3,158.During 1913, 164 Fellows were elected, and 2 have been reinstated, making the gross total of 3,324. The Society has lost 26 Fellows by death, 40 Fellows have resigned, the elections of 7 Fellows and 1 reinstatement have become void, and 49 Fellows have been removed for non-payment of annual subscriptions. The total number of Fellows, therefore, on December 31st, 1913, was 3,201, showing an increase of 43 over that of the preceding year. On comparing these figures with those given in the previous Report of Council, it will be noticed that the number of elections in 1913 has dropped to the average for the previous six years. The resignations received in 1913 are less by 12 than in the previous year, whilst the number of Fellows removed for non-payment of annual subscriptions still continues very high, notwith- standing the latitude allowed by the Council.The names of the deceased Fellows, with date of election, are: Gustavus Anthony Abrines Angelo Cantin (1900). Matthew Algernon Edward Louis Barret (1 890). (1 87 7). Adam (1869). Tom Crossman (1895). Joseph Davidson (1876). Arthur Crozier Claudet (1902). James Tudor Cundall (1887). J. Carter Bell (1865). William Popplewell (1883). Bloxam Leopold Mandeville Deane Frank Standish Findon (1905). (1886). 91 Leonard Clifford Green (1908). Isaac Patchett (1870). Sir Walter Noel Hartley Thomas Ebengzer Pye (1906). (1866). Mathura Goolab Roy (1900). John Heron (1876). Christer Peter Sandberg (1870). John Hunter (1883).Walter Shelley Spencer (1887). Julius Lewkowitsch (1888). William Tate (1890). Hugh Marshall (1890). Arthur Wallace (1912). George Matthey (1870). The following Fellows hare resigned : Maurice Barrett. Edward Towyn Jones. Cyril Bergtheil. James Kewley. Henry Charles Bond. James Kirkman King. John Brock. William Albert Knight. William Arthur Caldecott. Alfred Tab& Larter. George Clayton. Arthur Stanley Lindley . Alfred Bertram Coles. Robert Drysdale MacKechnie. Harry Dunlop. William Rest Mummery. Percy Elford. Henry John Palmer. Charles Albert Fawsitt. John Lawrence Robinson Pasb James Edward Ferguson. field. Hans Eduard Fierz. Richard Pribram. John Thomas Furnell. Isaac Sydney Scarf. William Hunter Gandy. Harold Victor Taylor.Charles Maurice Walter Grieb. Everard Cecil Van Essen. James Gordon Hardy. Norbert Van Laer. Walter Elmslie Hawkins. Percy Wharton Waters. Charles Theodore William James Simpson Chester Wells. Hirsch. Sidney Whalley. George Edward Holden. Herbert Goulding Williams. Bernard Farmborough Howard. Frederick Robert Leyland Wilson. The number of Honorary and Foreign Members at the end of 1912 was 33. During 1913, Professor D. P. Konovaloff and Professor Alfred Werner were elected; the totaI number of Honorary and Foreign Members at the present time, therefore, is 35. In accordance with the announcement made in the Annual Report presented in March of last year, the following Report deals with the work of the Society during the period between that date and the present Annual General Meeting.The Council offers its hearty congratulations to Professor George Downing Liveing (elected November 21st, 1853), who has com- 92 pleted over sixty years of Fellowship, and to the following, who have reached their Jubilee : Mr. William Spiller, elected January 15th, 1863. John Whitfield, elected November 5th, 1863. Professor John Wrightson, elected February 4th, 1864. Mr. Henry Bassett, elected February 18th, 1864. During the year, 355 scientific communications were made to the Society; 253 of these have been published already in the Transactions, and abstracts of all have appeared in the Proceedings. The volume of Transactions for 1913 contains 2,296 pages, of which 2,173 are occupied by 238 memoirs, the remaining 123 pages being devoted to the Obituary Notices, the Ladenburg and Van’t Hoff Memorial Lectures, the Report of the International Committee on Atomic Weights, the Report of the Annual General Meeting, and the Presidential Address; the volume for the preceding year contained 266 memoirs occupying 2,431 pages.The Journal for 1913 contains 5,978 abstracts, which extend to 2,520 pages, whilst the abstracts for 1912 numbered 5,497, and occupied 2,264 pages. In accordance with an announcement made at the last Annual General Meeting, a change has been made in the arrangement of the abstracts, those of Physiological Chemistry and the Chemistry of Vegetable Physiology and Agriculture being included in Part I instead of in Part 11, as heretofore. This has led to approximate equality in the size of the two parts.No. of pp. in No. of pp. in 1913. 1912. Part I ........................... 1432 ............ 1044 Part I1 (with indexes) ...... 1528 ............ 1614 The abstracts may be classified as follows: PARTI. No. of Pages. Abstracts. Organic Chemistry ........................... 1,824 Physiological Chemistry ..................... 771 Chemistry of Vegetable Physiology and Agriculture ................................. 442 -1,432 3,037 93 PART 11. No. of Pages. Abstracts. General and Physical Chemistry ......... 1,401 Inorganic Chemistry ......................... 555 Mineralogical Chemistry ..................... 159 Analytical Chemistry ........................ 826 - 1,088 2,941 Total in Parts I. and 11. ............ 2,520 5,978 Following the proposal made by the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft, the Council have decided to request authors to insert either their University, Laboratory, or private address at the end of all papers appearing in the Transactions. It is hoped that by this means communication between authors of papers in various journals will be facilitated. During the past year, advantages have been offered to Fellows of the Society by the reduction in price of certain publications. Arrangements have been made by which Fellows can obtain Vol. I. of the Literatur Register, by R. Stelzner, at the reduced price of 23 10s.(original price, 24 4s.), provided that not less than twenty copies of the work be purchased by Fellows. Application for this volume should be addressed to the Honorary Secretaries. Fellows will also be able to purchase the forthcoming Vol. I11 of the International Tables of Physical Constants and Numerical Data at the reduced prices of 19s. 3d. (unbound) or 31 2s. 3d. (bound). Vol. V of the Collective Index of the Journal and Proceedings of the Chemical Society (1903-1912) has been issued during the year, Part I (Author Index) appearing in May and Part I1 (Sub-ject Index) in December. The price of this volume is now &2 to Fellows and 22 10s. to the public. The Council have decided to offer the Jubilee Volume (giving a history of the Society from 1841 to 18911, which was published at 6s., at the reduced price of half-a-crown, and also to dispose of a few bound sets of the Journal of the Chemical Society, from 1871 to 1900 inclusive (published at &47 los.), at 220 for the series.The attention of Fellows is directed to the appearance of a French translation of Vol. IX of the Annual Reports. Permission was granted to the Director of the Laboratoire Municipal de Paris for the production of this translation; it was published by Messrs. Hermann et Fils in October last at the price of Fr. 7.50. An intimation has been received from the Faraday Society that 94 this body is prepared to consider the election to membership of a certain number of Fellows of the Chemical Society without payment of an entrance fee. The Transactions for 1913 contain obituary notices of Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran, Edward Divers, Humphrey Owen Jones, John William Mallet, Henry de Mosenthal, Benjamin Edward Reina Newlands, John Pattinson, Arthur Richardson, John Wade, and William Ord Wootton, who died during 1912, and the Council desire to express their indebtedness to the Fellows who wrote these notices.The Council also wish to record their thanks to those Fellows who contributed to Vol. X of the Annual Reports. During the past year, the Society has been privileged to listen to Memorial Lectures on Jacobus Henricus van’t Hoff, delivered by Professor James Walker, and Albert Ladenburg, delivered by Professor F.Stanley Kipping. In the last Report of Council it was stated that when these two Lectures had been delivered the Council would publish Vol. I1 of the Memorial Lectures. This volume has now been issued (price 6s.), and can be obtained from the Publishers or from the Assistant Secretary. The Council have under consideration the desirability of r+ issuing Vol. I of the Memorial Lectures (now out of print). To assist them in arriving at a decision in the matter, a circular was issued with Proceedings No. 423 inviting those Fellows who would be willing to purchase Vol. I (price 10s. 6d.) to notify the Assistant Secretary. The, Council are pleased to announce that the Faraday Lecture is to be delivered by Professor Svante August Arrhenius, F.R.S., on Monday, May 25th, 1914, at 6 p.m., in the Theatre of the Royal Institution (by the courtesy of the Managers).The title of the Lecture is “Electrolytic Dissociation.” To meet the convenience of Fellows, the Council decided that a list of the papers to be read at each Ordinary Scientific Meeting of the Society should be advertised in the Morning Post on the Wednesday previous to the day of meeting. This list of papers appears on the front page, at the top of the extreme righbhand column. The stock of apparatus and reagents for the use of Fellows making experiments at the meetings of the Society has been replenished. A list of such apparatus and reagents can be obtained from the Assistant Secretary. In order to afford Fellows an opportunity of meeting informally, the Rooms of the Society were open on the evening of January 15th, 1914, when the President and Council were present to receive 95 the Fellows.The Council have decided to provide for a similar meeting on Thursday, April 30th, from 8 to 10 p.m. The Anniversary Dinner of the Society was held at the White ball Rooms, HGtel MQtropole,on March 14th, 1913, Professor Percy F. Frankland, the retiring President, occupying the Chair. An abbreviated account of the speeches made, together with a list of the names of the Fellows and their guesb who were present, appears in the Proceedings, p. 94. It is with very great pleasure that the Council have to report that a bust of the Right Honourable Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe, by Mr.Alfred Drury, R.A., has been presented to the Society by the friends and former students of Sir Henry Roscoe. The presenta- tion was made before a distinguished company in the Rooms of the Society on November 20th, and the bust now adorns the Library. The meeting of the International Association of Chemical Societies was held in Brussels instead of in London, as previously arranged, in September, the Society being represented by Sir William Ramsay, K.C.B., Professor Percy F. Frankland, and Pro- fessor Arthur w. Crossley. An abbreviated report of the meeting appears in the Proceedings, p. 325. Thanks to the generosity of M. Ernest Solvay, the Association is now endowed with a sum of Frs.250,000, in addition to a yearly income of Frs. 37,500 for twentyeight years, and a site for offices in Brussels. To celebrate the centenary of the birth of Sir John Bennett Lawes in 1814, and of Sir Henry Gilbert in 1817, it is proposed to erect a Commemoration Laboratory at Rothamsted. Fellows have been invited to respond to the appeal which is being made to raise &6,000, this being half the total amount required for the memorial, the other half having been promised in the form of a grant. Mention was made in the last Report of Council that the sum of 265 4s. had been subscribed by the Fellows of the Chemical Society towards the van’t Hoff Memorial. In April, 1913, the total sum of F1. 56,000 had been received by the Committee, and a state ment with reference to the disposal of this fund is given in the Proceedings, p.167. The Council have decided to make a further contribution of &lo to assist the International Commission to prepare the fourth volume of the International Tables of Constants and Numerical Data, The number of books borrowed from the Library during the year 1913 was 1,730, as against 1,825 the previous year; of these, 546 were issued by post, as against 491 in the preceding year. The Additions to the Library comprise: 137 books, of which 68 were presented, 510 volumes of periodicals (representing 241 journals), and 86 pamphlets, as against 135 books, 482 volumes of periodicals (representing 237 journals), and 76 pamphlets last year. The question of providing for the continuous growth of the Library has been further considered, and a room in the basement has been altered to accommodate 27 rolling book-stacks, estimated to contain 8,500 volumes, or twelve years’ addition to the Library at its present rate of growth. From a purely financial point of view, the past year was not 90 successful as the year immediately preceding it.Notwithstanding bhe considerable cost of the redecoration and the improvements in the ventilation of the Society’s Rooms, there was a balance in 1912 of 3176 1s. 7d., whilst in 1913 there is a deficit of 3237 7s. 7d. on the year’s working. A careful examination of the statement of income and expenditure, however, will show that this need cause no alarm.From all sources, the income for 1913 amounts to $9,235 14s. Id., as against $8,120 12s. 3d. in 1912, an increase of 31,115 1s. lOd., whilst the corresponding expenditures are $9,473 1s. 8d. and $7,944 10s. 8d., an increase of 21,528 11s. The income, as well as the expenditure, is a record one, and the amount of each has been raised by a common cause. The print- ing of Volume V. of the Decennial Index alone has added $3,378 to the normal expenditure, whilst somewhat over 31,000 has already been added to income from ib sale. Remembering that Part 11. (Subject Index) was only published in December last, it may confidently be anticipated that sales of this volume in the near future may very considerably reduce, if not altogether obliterate, the deficit arising from this source.Another exceptional expenditure which could not be delayed was the provision of new iron bookcases for the extension of the Library in one of the basement rooms at a cost of 3155 13s. The extra cost of the Journal this year was due to the increase of about 363 in Abstractors’ fees, and a consequent increase of equal amount in the cost of printing. The cost of the Annual Reports on The Progress of Chemistry for 1912 exceeded that for 1911 by $51. It is to be regretted that the amounts received as Life Compositions and Admission Fees were $141 less than in 1912, when they were, however, considerably above the average. In the balancesheet a sum of 32168 Is. 10d. appears as an asset, having been paid on account of the International Association of Chemical Societies.This temporary expenditure is owing to the meeting of the Association having been originally arranged to take place in London, but it will shortly be repaid to the Society from BALANCE SHEET.-THE CHEMICAL SOCI ETY, 31s~DECEMBER,1913. Liabilities. Assets. B a. d. C a. d. By Investments (value when acquired) :-C a. d. $?. s. d.ToBabscriptions received in advance ............... 299 10 0 g6730 Metropolitan Consolidated 3) per cent. Stock 7212 8 6 €1050 London and North Western Railway 3 per ,I Bundry Creditors ........................... 2173 7 4 cent. Debenture Stock ..................... 839 12 0 11520 14s. 3d. CardifY Corporation 3 per cent. Btock 1650 0 0 ,, Research Fund :-11400 India 23 per cent.Stock ............... 1316 1 0 As per last Balance Sheet ..................10481 5 B €2400 Bristol Corporation 2) pcr cent. Debenture Stock 2070 2 0 Add Excess of Income over Expenditure for the year --50 7 8 &4341 Midland Railway 2) per cent. Prefcrence Stock 3572 2 5 10531 13 2 81200 Leeds Corporation 3 per cent. Stock ...... 1143 1 0 El500 Transvaal3 per cent.Guaranteed Ytock,1923/53 1460 13 6 €1200 North British Railway 3 per cent. Debenture- ,, Chemical Society :Excess of Assets over Liabilities :-Stock ......... 103311 0 As per last Balance Sheet ..................... 20569 9 4 8700 Canada iipi; ce;;'t. Stock; li;O/5b;' ......... 704 8 6 Lcsa Excess of Expenditure over Income for the year 237 7 7 (Estimated present value of Investments, -21001 19 11 20332 1 9 817251 Us.Od.) ,,Siindrp Debtors :-d 8. d. Advertising Account ............ 103 IS 6 Leas Commission accrued ............ 11 5 2 92 11 4 Messrs. Gurney Kz Jackson ................. 700 6 2 Telephone Deposit ........................ 1 0 0-793 17 6 CD ,, Subscriptions in Arrear, $490. Estimated to realise .. 360 0 0 * ,,Amount paid on accoiint of International Association of Chemical Societies ..................... 16s 1 10 Insurance paid in advance Cash at Bank .................... 35 19 10 .............................. 444 15 9..cash in hand ............................. --43 445 0 0,, Research Fund :-Investments (value when acquired) : 81000 North British Railway 4 per cent.No. 1 Preference Stock 1010 0 0 f4400 Metropolitan C&oiidaied 3i pi; cdnt. ...... 4587 18 0Stock81034 (ireat Western Railway 23 per cent. Deben- ture Stock .............................. 1049 15 11 €1142 168. New South Wales 3 per cent. Stock ... 1000 o o €1122 Metropolitan Water Board 3 per cent. rcB'' Stock .................................1002 16 9 €1365 Midland Railway 2) per cent. Debenture Btock 1010 o 9 €806 Victoria 3 per cent. Stock ............... 706 6 2 (Estimated present value of Research 10366 17 7 Fund Investments, &go55 16s. 9d.) / ,, Cash at Bank ............................ 1G4 15 7--10531 13 2 €33336 12 3 PR3336 12 3 INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT Income. To Life Compositions ...... ... ... .. ... ... ... .. ... ... ... ... ,, Admission Fees ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... , Annual Subscriptions- Received in advance, on account of 1913 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ,, during 1913 ,, ~l .., .., ,.. ..* .. . .. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...I, I, I, I, ,, 1911 ... ... ... ... ... ... ...I, I1 I, Leas amount included in last year's Income, being valuation of Arrears as per last Balance Sheet ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .., Add Arrears at date : 1913, $456 ;1912, g24 ; 1911 and previous, €10, estimated to realise as per Balance Sheet ... ... ... ... ." ... ,, Lady Subscribers ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ,, Investments :-Dividends on E6730 Metropolitan Consolidated 31 per cent.Stock ... ,, $1050 London and North Western Railway 3 per cent. Debenture Stock ... ... ... ..( ... ... ... ... ... ,, B1520 14s. 3d. Cardiff Corporation 3 per cent. Stock ... ,, a400 India 24 per cent. Stock ... ... ... ... ... ... ,, 322400 Bristol Corporation 21 per cent. Debenture Stock ,, 84341 Midland Railway 24 per cent. Preference Stock ,, 81200Leeds Corporation 3 per cent. Stock ... ... ... ,, g1500 Transvaal 3 per cent. Guaranteed Stock, 1923/53 ,, $1200 North British Railway 3 per cent. Debenture Stock ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ,, 6700Cnnada 33 per cent. Stock 1930/50 ... .. ... ... ,, Income Tax Recovered ... .., ... ... .., .., ,, Interesb on Deposit Accouut ... ... .., ... ,, Publication Sales :-Journals .., ...... ... . .. ... ... ... Proceedings ... .. . ... . . . ... . . . ... Collective Index, Vols. I-IV ... ... ... Do. VOl. v .. ... ... ... Library Catalogue .., .., ... ... ... .., Atomic Weight Tables ... .., ... ... ... Jubilee Volumes ... ... ... ... ... ... Annual Reports on Progress of Cheinistrg ... ... ... ... ... I.. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ................. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .., ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... E s. tl. E s. d 297 0 0 640 0 0 300 0 0 44w 0 0 320 0 0 12 0 0 5095 0 0 350 0 0 4745 0 0 360 0 05105 0 0 410 0 221 16 4 29 IS 2 42 19 4 32 19 4 56 10 0 102 3 10 33 18 0 42 7 6 33 18 0 23 1 6 36 12 4 26 15 1-682 14 5 1048 4 4 4535 39 17 3 ]Oil 17 6 17 G 78 11 0 175 4 0 2382 2 8 154 18 1 --2227 4 7Less Publishers' Commission ,, Proceeds of Advertisements iu Journal ...... ... ... ... ... ... ... €261 16 6 Leas Commission ... ... ... .. .., ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 23 16 2 238 0 4 ,, Miscellaneous Receipts ... ... ,., ... ... .., ... ... .. ... ... 223 I, Honorarium for Publication of Annual Reports in French ... ... ... 500 Subscriptions from other Societies ... ... .. ... ... ... ... ... ... 34 2 6 ,, Balance, being Excess of Expenditure over Income carried to Balance Sheet ... ... ,. . ,.. . . . .., ... ,., ...... ... ... ... ... . . . 237 7 7 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... I have examined the above Accomts and the Investments. 28, QUEENVICTORIA STREET,E.C. lllarch 3rd, 1914. €9473 1 8 with the Books and Vouchers of the Society, and W. B. KEEN, Chartered Accountant. FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31s~DECEMBER. 1913. Expenditure. 1 8. d . E 8 .d . By Expenses on account of Journal and Proceedings :- Salary of Editor. including Indexing ......... Salary of Sub-Editor ..................... Editorial Postages ..................... Abstractors' Fees ..................... Printing of Journal .................... Banding .............................. Wrappers and Addressing ............... Distribution of Journal .................. Authors' Copies ........................Insurance of Stock .................... Printing of Proceedings .................. Banding ., .................. Distribution .. .................. Printing of Advertisements ............... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .I. ... ... ... ... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... ......... i378..'o ..0 570 0 0 200 0 0 13 10 0 609 7 9 3016 19 3 55 2 3 66 16 9 117 10 7 628 0 5 190 17 6 540 243 16 10 8 12 4 44 0 7 Decennial Index Printing ................... Distribution ............ ... ... ... ... 33 17 2 1411 17 2 ..7181 15 5 ..Annual Reports on the Progress of Chemistry .................. 466 6 4 ..Purchase of back numbers of Journal ........................336..List of Fellows ....................................... 7523 ..Library Expenses :-Salary of Librarian and Assistant ........................... 204 16 0 Books and Periodicals ................................. 231 19 0 Binding ... .......................................... 39 3 7 Bookcases .......................................... 155 13 0--630 11 7 ..Indexing for International Catalogue ..Donation to International Comniission if'Publicithnof Annial Tab& 30 0 0 of Constants and Numerical Data. Chemical. Physical and Techno- logical ............................................. 1000 ..Administrative Expenses :-Ealary of Staff ....................................... 354 4 0 Wages (Commissionaire.Housekeeper. and Charwoir~an) ......... 157 4 9 Coal and Lighting .................................... 31 12 5 House Expenses and Repairs ........................... 70 8 10 Furniture .......................................... 38 3 10 Tea Expenses ....................................... 31 14 5 Insuranccs ..................................... 11 9 9 4ccountants;'Charges ................................. 21 0 0 Commission on Recovery of Income Tax ..................... 116 6 Printing ............................................. 126 3 7 Stationery .......................................... 45 14 11 Postages ...........................................134 13 4 Dinner Expenses ....................................... 13 17 6 Miscellaneous Expenses .............................. 37 18 9 ~ 1076 2 7 €9473 1 8..certify hhein to be in accordance therewith . I have also verifled the Balance at the Bankers Approved-SAMUEL RIDEAL. JAMES J. DOBBIE. ALEXANDER PEDI.ER . RESEARCH ACCOUNT 1913.PUXD INCONE AND EXPENDITURE FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31s~DECEMBER. Income. Expenditure . 2 a. d. 9?.a s. d. E a. d. & 8. d. &! 8. d. By Grants tn-TODividends on..-F.W. Atuck ...... 5 0 0 &ought forward-174 00 E.G. Bainbridge... 5 0 0 0.L. Brady ...... 10 00 ilO0O North British Railway 4 per cent .No.1 Preference W.C.Ball ...... 5 0 0 F.D.Chattaway ...12 00 Stock .................... ... 34 10 7 J.L.Bentley ......10 0 0 P. Chorley ...... 3 00 C4400 Metropolitan Consolidated 33 per c&t .S&k’ ...145 0 4 J.C. Cain ...... 10 0 0 J.E.Coates ...... 8 00 &lo34Great Western Railway 23 per cent .Debenture Stock 84 6 10 G.W.Clough ...... 3 0 0 J. H.Cohen ...... 10 00 41142 168. New South Wales 3 per cent .Stock......... 32 5 10 A.C.Dunningham I0 0 R. B.Dey ...... 5 00 21122 Metropolitan Water Board 3 per cent .‘I B” Stock 31 14 0 J. H. Firth ...... 3 0 0 F.P. Dunn ...... 5 00 €1365 Midland Railway 24 per cent . Debenture Stock ... 32 2 8 N.Hall ......... 5 0 0 F.Franris ...... 10 00 1806 Victoria 3 per cent .Stock .................. 22 15 T. C. Jarires ...... 3 0 0 H. Garland ...... 10 00 4 322 15 7 MissM.Jones ... 3 0 0 E.Hope ......... 10 00 . W. . ..Repayments of Resealch Grants :-J Jones ......6 0 0 T.0.Gerard ...... 5 00 V.J.Harding ............ ... ... ......... 41 H.D.Kay ...... 5 0 0 J .E.Hjnes ...... 5 00 I.a.Rankin ............... ... ... ... ......... 360 J .Kenner ...... 70 0 H. Krall ......... 5 00 R.S.Pollard............... ... ... ... ......... 950 H. McCninhie ... 7 0 0 I3. M. Langton ... 5 00 N.V.Sidgwick ............ ... ... ... ......... 10 0 n Mrs.I. 9.Maclean 7 0 0 F.R . Lankshear ... 10 00 T.P.Hilditch ............ ... ... ... ......... 118 11 G. Martin ...... 10 0 0 N.P. BIcCleland ... 5 00 T. C.James ............... ... *.. ... ......... 14 A .Parker ...... 7 0 0 R.S.Mellnr ...... 5 00 Tv.Parry .................. ... ... ... ......... 22 J.R. Partington ... 5 0 0 W.R.Pratt ......8 00 8 Perkin ...... 10 0 0 F.A .Royle ...... 8 00T.S. Patterson ............ ... ... ... ......... 275 A . . T. R.Stopford ............ ... ... ... ......... 5 0 0 R.V.Sidgwick ... 10 0 0 D. Segaller ...... 10 00 N. Hall .................. ... ... ... ......... 500 V. Steele ...... 5 0 0 H.K.Sen ...... 5 00 E.R.Thomas ............ ... ... ... ......... 800 H.Stephen ...... 5 0 0 W .Sheldon ...... 5 00 F.M.Perkin ............ ... ... ... ......... 258 F.B.Thole ...... 10 0 0 J.L.Sinionsen ... 15 00 C.K.Tinkler........................ ......... 1 11 E.C.Williams ... 3 0 0 J.A.Smythe...... 5 00 A.W.Stewart ..................... ......... 3 010 E.G.Bainbridge ... 5 0 0 Miss D. C.Stiebel... 5 00 . A.T.Canieron .............................. 500 G Barger ...... 10 0 0 C.K.Tinkler...... 5 00 G.. Barger and F.H.Carr ............... ......... 14 F.Barrow ...... 5 0 E.de B Barnett ..................... ......... 500 --0 -.368 0 0 J. Ferns .......................... ......... 5 0 0 Carried foru~nrd-€174 0 0 C.Hollins ........................ ......... 10 ,, Commission on Recovery of Income Tax ........ 110 F.A.Mssnn ........................ ......... 13 ,, Advertisenients ........................... 1180 R.T.Hardnian ..................... ......... 914 0 ,,Cheque book .............................. 80 R.M.Caven and H .J.S.Sand ......... ......... 253 ., Ba.ance, being exress of Income over Expenditiire,....77 16 2 carried to Balance Sheet .................. 50 7 S ,, Income Tax Recovered ....................... 21 2 11 ..&421 14 8 1421 14 8 .1 have examined the above Accountyith the Books and Vouchers of the Society. and certify it to be in accordance therewith . I have also verified the Balance at the Bankers and the Investments . Approved-SAMUEL RIDEALW. B. KEEN. JAMES J. DOBBI6.Chartered Accountant. ALEXANDER PEDLER. QUEEN VICTORIASTREET.E.0. March 3rd. 1914. 101 the Fun11 endowed by 31. Ernest Solvsy to which reference has already been made. The net income of the Research Fund from investments is about 2343, and to this was added 377 16s. 3d., being unexpended grants from previous years which were returned. From this, grants amounting in all to 3368 were made, leaving $50 to be added to the balance in hand.A vote of thanks to the Treasurer, Secretaries, Foreign Secre- tary, and Council for their services during the past year was pro- posed by Dr. BERNARD andDYER, seconded by Dr. L. T. THORNE, acknowledged by Sir WILLIAM RAMSAY. The PRESIDENTthen delivered his address, entitled If Tauto-merism.” A vote of thanks to the President, coupled with the request that he would allow his address to be printed in the Trans- actions, was proposed by Professor R. MELDOLA,seconded by Professor W. JACKSONPOPE,and carried with acclamation, the PRESIDENTmaking acknowledgment. The Report of the Scrutators was presented, and the PRESIDENT declared that the following had been elected as Officers and Council for the ensuing year : President.-William Henry Perkin, Sc.D., LL.D., F.R.S.Vice-presidents who have filled the Ofice of President.-Henry Edward Armstrong, Ph.D., LL.D., F.R.S. ; Alexander Crum Brown, D.Sc., LL.D., F.R.S. ; Sir William Crookes, O.M., D.Sc., F.R.S. ; Sir James Dewar, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S. ; Harold Baily Dixon, M.A., Ph.D., F.R.S.; Percy Faraday Frankland, Ph.D., LL.D., F.R.S. ;Augustus George Vernon Harcourt, M.A., D.C.L., F.R.S. ; Raphael Meldola, D.Sc., LL.D., F.R.S. ; Hugo Muller, Ph.D., LL.D., F.R.S.; William Odling, M.A., M.B., F.R.S.; Sir William Ramsay, K.C.B., LL.D., F.R.S. ;James Emerson Reynolds, Sc.D., M.D., F.R.S. ; The Rt. Hon. Sir Henry Enfield Roscoe, LL.D., F.R.S.; Sir Edward Thorpe, C.B., LL.D., F.R.S.; Sir William Augustus Tilden, D.Sc., F.R.S.Vice-Presidents.-Herbert Brereton Baker, M.A., D.Sc., F.R.S. ; Peter Phillips Bedson, M.A., D.Sc. ; Horace Tabberer Brown, LL.D., F.R.S. ; Charles Thomas Heycock, M.A., F.R.S. ; Edmund James Mills, D.Sc., LL.D., F.R.S. ;Gilbert Thomas Morgan, D.Sc. Treasurer.-Alexander Scott, M.A., D.Sc., F.R.S. Secretaries.-Samuel Smiles, D.Sc. ;James Charles Philip, M.A., D.Sc., Ph.D. 102 Foreign Secretary.-Arthur William Crossley, D.Sc., Ph .D., F.R.S. Ordinary Members of Council.-George Barger, M.A., D.Sc. ; The Rt. Hon. the Earl of Berkeley, F.R.S.; Edward John Bevan; Adrian John Brown, M.Sc., F.R.S. ;Harold Govett Colman, D.Sc., Ph.D.; Arthur Harden, D.Sc., Ph.D., F.R.S.; Thomas Martin Lowry, D.Sc.; Eennedy Joseph Previt6 Orton, M.A., Ph.D. ; Robert Henry Aders Plimmer, D.Sc. ;Edward John Russell, D.Sc. ; George Senter, D.Sc. ;John Millar Thomson, LL.b., F.R.S. Thursday, April Znd, 1914, at 8.30 p.m., Professor W. H. PERKIN, LL.D., F.R.S., President, in the chair. The PRESIDENTannounced that the Council have appointed the following Committees for the year 1914-1915 : Finance Committee.-Messrs. E. G. Hooper, G. T. Moody, Sir Edward Thorpe, Sir William A. Tilden, and the Officers. House Committee.-Messrs. Horace T. Brown, R. Messel, J. E. Reynolds, J. M. Thomson, Sir William A. Tilden, and the Officers. Library Committee.-Messrs. B. Dyer, W. Gowland, A. Harden, J. T. Hewitt, C. A. Keane, A. R. Ling, T. M. Lowry, R. Meldola, E.J. Mills, J. M. Thomson (Chairman), Sir William A. Tilden, J. A. Voelcker, the Editor, and the Officers. Publication Committee.-Messrs. H. B. Baker, J. N. Collie, F. G. Donnan, B. Dyer, M. 0. Forster, T. M. Lowry, F. B. Power, G. Senter, and the Officers. Besearch Fund Committee.-Messrs. H. B. Baker, W. R. Bous-field, Horace T. Brown, H. B. Dixon, J. J. Dobbie, P. G. Donnan, M. 0. Forster, P. F. Frankland, W. J. Pope, W. Palmer Wynne, and the Officers. Messrs. S. Bate, A. H. Hay, and F. A. Pickworth were formally admitted Fellows of the Society. Certificates were read for the first time in favour of Messrs. : Nicholas Alexander Aufilogoff, c/o The London and Thames Haven Oil Wharves, Ltd., Thames Haven, Essex. Harry Berry, The Northern College of Pharmacy, Burlington Street, Manchester.103 Stanley Winter Collins, B.Sc., 1, Tideswell Road, Putney, S.W. Herbert William Cremer, B.Sc., Preston Lea, Faversham. Leonard Eric Hinkel, B.Sc., Bucklands, Old Oak Road, Acton, W. John Orron Leighton, 30, Albany Street, Hull. Ernest Ferguson Pollock, Ph.D., Kirkland, Bonhill, Dumbarton- shire. Charles Edward Roberts, B.A., B.Sc., St. John’s College, Cam- bridge. Certificates have been authorised by the Council for presentation to ballot under Bye-Law I (3) in favour of Messrs.: Edward Godfrey Bryant, ’ B.A., B.Sc., Grey Institute, Port Elizabeth, S. Africa. Alfred Cornwell Harrison, Penhalonga, Rhodesia, S. Africa. Of the following papers, those marked * were read : “92.‘‘ The constitution of the glycerylphosphates. The synthesis of a-and p-glycerylphosphates.” By Harold King and Frank Lee Pyman. Pure salts of a- and 8-glycerylphosphoric acids have been pre pared. For the preparation of the &salts, a-dichlorohydrin was combined with phasphoryl chloride (compare Tutin and Hann, T., 1906, 89, 1749), giving calcium bis-s-dichloroisopropylphosphate, which on hydrolysis with sodium carbonate yielded sodium @-gly cerylphosphate, $! H ,GI yH2Cl fl QH2C1 YH,*OH $!H*OH+ POCI, -+FH=O-P-O*$!H + QH*O*PO(ONa), CH,C1 CH2C1 Om CH2CI CH2*OH This salt was identical with Poulenc’s crystalline sodium glyceryl- phosphate of commerce, which must consequently be the 8-salt. The identity of the two salts was confirmed by the comparison of the properties of the calcium, barium, brucine, and quinine salts prepared from each of them.An attempt to prepare the a-salts in an analogous manner was unsuccessful, but these salts were readily obtained by the action of a-monochlorohydrin on trisodium phosphate in cold aqueous solution : HO=CH,*CH(OH)*CH2CI+ (NaO),PO --t HO-CH,*CH(OH)*CH,*O*PO(ONa),. Several salts of the a-acid were prepared and characterised. The results of previous investigators were discussed. 104 DIscusSION. Dr. PLIMMERasked Dr. Pyman how the analyses of the glyceryl- phosphates, which he described, had been effected. In his experi- ence of the analysis of organic phosphorus compounds, the values obtained for carbon, by combustion by both dry and wet methods, were always too low.*93. ('The viscosity of sulphuric acid." By Albert Ernest Dunstan. Some years ago (Dunstan and Wilson, T., 1907, 91, 85) a series of determinations of the viscosities of aqueous sulphuric acid solu- tions at 25O was undertaken with the object of finding the maximum point. Owing to the kindness of Prof. A. F. Joseph, it was dis- covered that a constant numerical error had been made in calcu- lating the values of the viscosity-coefficients. Consequently, the numbers given on p. 85 of the above reference should be multiplied by 0'2325. In the meantime, several papers have appeared on the viscosity of sulphuric acid, and as the results apparently fall on two distinct curves, it was thought desirable to repeat some of the measure-ments, both at 25O and at other temperatures, and to ascertain which of these two sets of results is the more accurate. The figures up to date are as follows: Tempera-Viscosity.ture. Observer. Reference. 0.618 0.4843 0.3195 0.2694 0.2193 0.1915 0-210 0.172 0.0" 0.0 11.2 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 33.0 Kremann and Ehrlich Drucker and Kassel Poiseuille Drucker and Kaesel Graham Bergius Pound Kremann Monatsh., 1907. 28, 831. Zeitsch. physikal. Chem., Ann. Chim. Phys., 1843, [ii], loc. cit. Phil. Mag, 1862, 24, 238. Zeitsch. physikal. Chem., 1910,72, 357. T., 1911,99, 708. loc. czt. 1911,76, 373. 7,50. 0-076 63-5 Kremann loc. cit. 0.0503 76-6 Drucker loc. cit. The values found by Kremann and Ehrlich and by Pound lie well above those of Drucker, Graham and Poiseuille.In the experiments here recorded, the strength of the sulphuric acid was determined by gravimetric and volumetric methods, and also by means of the densities of its diluted aqueous solutions. The mean of eight concordant analyses was 100.3 per cent. (calculated as H,SO,), with a mean error of 0.2 per cent. The method which was adopted for obtaining values of the viscosity of the 100 per cent. acid consisted in interpolating on a viscosity-concentration curve ranging from 96 to 100.3 per cent. The results are as follows: Viacosity of ,\ / \ Tempera-100.3 per cent. 99.8 per cent. 98.2 per cent. 96 per cent. ture. 13.8” H,SO* 0,371 %SO,. 0.342 H‘2so4-- IL,SO*.- 25.0 0.239 0.224 0.220 0.190 50.0 70.0 0.109 0.0632 0.102 0-0657 0.0954 0.0598 0.0943- 90.0 0.0433 0 0410 0.0403 0.0399 whence for the 100 per cent. acid: Temperature.Viscosity. 13.8” 0.360 25.0 0-235 50.0 0-106 70.0 0,0635 90.0 0.0425 The value thus found at 25O is rather less than that which was previously obtained, but it will be seen that the new values agree excellently with those of Rremann. *9Q. (‘Tantomerism, desmotropy, and dynamic isomerism.” By Thomas Martin Lowry. The question asked by Prof. Meldola at the close of the Presi- dent’s Address to the Annual General Meeting of the Chemical Society suggests that a short statement in reference to the nomen- clature of the subject might be welcomed by some Fellows who have not had an opportunity of consulting the earlier literature. Briefly, it may be said that all the essential facts in reference to the conception of equilibrium between isomerides, as described so lucidly by the President in his Address, are set out in Butlerow’s classical, but almost forgotten, paper, “Ueber Isodibutylen ” (Annalen, 1877, 189,44).They were applied by him to; explain the behaviour of substances such as cyanic and hydrocyanic acids, which yield two series of derivatives; these were regarded by Butlerow as mixtures of isomerides in equilibrium, to which no definite formula could be assigned, “since molecules of two or more isomeric varieties would always be present.” The name dynamic isomerism was introduced in_1899 (T., 75, 235), as a paraphrase of Butlerow’s description of a condition of equilibrium depending on incessant isomeric change ”; but the adjective isodynamic had already been suggested by Armstrong in 1889 (Watt’s Dictionary, “ Isomesism ”) to describe those isomerides ‘I which change their 106 type with exceptional facility in the course of chemical inter-changes.” The word metameric had been used in this sense in 1833 by Berzelius to describe isomerides which were readily converted into one another, but the usefulness of the word was destroyed by a misguided attempt to transfer it to another usage.The hypothesis of tautomerisrn was introduced by Laar in 1885 (Ber., 18,648) to account for the facts which had already (as time has shown) been explained adequately by Butlerow.The clearest statement of what tautomerism means, however, is found in a sub- sequent paper (Ber., 1886, 19, 730), in which Laar sets out the points in which his views differ from those of Butlerow. Laar asserts that, in every case of tautomerism, the different formulae suggested by the reactions of the substance represent, “not isomeric, but identical bodies ”; the term cannot, therefore, be applied to any case of isomerism, however readily the isomerides may be converted into one another. Further, he repudiates the chemical analogy of dissociation, which Butlerow had suggested, and quotes, instead, the views of Maxwell and of Wiedemann on the molecular vibrations which give rise to light.It is impossible to say whether tautomerism exists; but it has at least been proved by the work of Knorr that the two substances represented by the formulae CH,* CO CH,*CO,Et and CH,*C (OH) :CH*CO,Et are not tautomeric, but have a real existence as well-defined isomeric compounds, which only change into one another under definite physical and chemical conditions. They have, in fact, a right to be described as isomerides, in just the same sense as ammonium cyanate and carbamide, two fortunate compounds which have hitherto escaped condemnation, although equally guilty of undergoing reversible isomeric change and of yielding two series of derivatives. The word desrriotrom was introduced by Jacobson (Ber., 1887, 20, 1732, footnote; 1888, 21, 2628, footnote) in 1887, when it had become evident that Laar’s theory of tautomerism had broken down completely in the very case to which it had been most frequently applied, namely, the labile isomerism which results from the con- tiguity of a double bond and an acidic hydrogen atom.Jacobson adopted the view “that the known forms of such compounds are to be represented by a definite grouping of atoms, which in certain reactions passes over into an isomeric grouping by a rearrangement of bonds consequent upon the displacement of a hydrogen atom ”; it was to express this view that the word ‘‘desmotropy ” was intro- duced. If used in this sense, to describe the labile isomerism pro- duced by the mobility of a hydrogen atom, it might be of real 107 value; unfortunately, the meaning of the word was tampered with by Hantzsch and Hermann (Ber., 1887, 20, 2802), and, as an in- evitable consequence, it has become ambiguous, and has ceased to be clearly significant.DISCUSSION. Dr. FORSTERexpressed regret that Dr. Lowry’s remarks failed to clear up the confusion attending the words in question. Having stated that no case of genuine tautomerism exists, and that he deplored the association of an incorrect meaning with any word, Dr. Lowry might have declared that, in his opinion, use of this word should be discontinued. In Dr. Forster’s view, the word isodynamic was unsuitable, because it suggested equal, or similar, force or motion, whereas one of the commonest features of such pairs is that one member changes far more rapidly than the other.Dr. LOWRYreplied that the word ‘‘tautomeric ” should be with- drawn in all cases of proved isomerism, and might with advantage be abandoned altogether by those who no longer accepted Laar’s hypothesis. The familiar words “isomerism ” and (‘isomeric change” should be used whenever they expressed the essential facts; if these were not sufficient, the term “dynamic isomerism ” might be used to distinguish the more labile varieties of isomerism; in view of the difficulty of re-introducing the word (‘metameric ” in its original sense, the labile compounds themselves were best described as “isodynamic,” for example, the two substances isolated by Knorr could be referred to as “isodynamic forms” of the ester. 95.66 The system : ethyl ether-water-potassium iodide-mercuric iodide. Part 111. Solutions unsaturated with respect to solid phases in the four-component system.” By Alfred Charles Dunningham. Liquids unsaturated with respect to solid phases can exist either as one, two, or three layers. Curves have been determined experimentally for the series of three conjugate liquids, and from these the nature of the equilibria underlying the formation of three layers has been deduced. The conditions under which two and three layers can separate in the system were fully discussed. 96. “The velocity of saponification of the acgl derivatives of the substituted phenols.Part I. Phenyl benzoate.” By Hamilton McCombie and Harold Archibald Scarborough. The velocity of saponification of phenyl benzoate by alcoholic potassium hydroxide at 30° has been studied with reference to the 108 influence of the initial concentration of both the ester and the alkali. The value of R was found to be independent of the initial con- centrat,ion of either of the reacting substances, a mean value, 11=0*00428, being obtained as the result of five series of deter-minations, each series representing twenty-five readings. The reaction, as a whole, was found to be bimolecular; the van’t Hoff and Noyes equations for determining the order of the reaction proved that the reaction was unimolecular with regard to the initial concentration of the ester or the alcoholic potassium hydroxide.97. “A general method for the preparation of glyoxals and their acetals.” By Henry Drysdale Dakin and Harold Ward Dudley. Ethyl diethoxyacetate and ethyl acetate react smoothly with sodium to give ethyl y-diethoxyacetoacetate. The latter substance on hydrolysis with potassium hydroxide gives the acetal of methyl- glyoxal. Methylglyoxal is obtained from the acetal by hydrolysis with dilute sulphuric acid. CH(OEt)2-CO*CH2*C0,Et+CH(OEt),*CO*CH, + COH=CO*CFf,. Ethyl y-diethoxyacetoacetate readily yields mono- and di-alkyl derivatives on successive treatment with sodium and alkyl haloids, thus furnishing a convenient method for the preparation of new substituted y-diethoxyacetoacetic esters, alkylglyoxals, and their corresponding acetals.The following substances have been pre- pared : Ethyl y-diethoxy-a-methylacetoacetate, ethylglyoxal and its acetal ; ethyl y-diethoxy-aa-dimet hylace toncetate, isopropylglyoxal and its acetal ; ethyl y-diethoxy-a-methyl-a-ethylacetoacetate,sec.-butylglyoxal and its acetal ; ethyl y-diethoxy-a-isopropylaceto-acetate ;isobutylglyoxal and its acetal ; ethyl y-diethoxy-a-benzyl- acetoacetate, phenyl et hylglyoxal and its acetal. The reactions of ethyl y-diethoxyacetoacetate are still under investigation. 98. (‘The action of snlphuric acid on paraformaldehyde.” By John Gunning Moore Dnnlop. When paraformaldehyde is heated for twenty-four hours in a sealed tube with a little sulpliuric acid at 115-120°, the contents are converted into a liquid, which on distillation gives two frac- 109 tions.One of these is methyl formate, and the other, which boils at 90-100°, is found to contain hydroxymethyl ether, CH,*O*CH,*OH, and somewhat indefinite compounds of the type CH,*O[CH,O],*CH,-OH (compare Reychler, Bull. SOC.chim., 1907, [iv], 1, 1189). Since the paraformaldehyde was shown to be free from methyl alcohol, the latter must have resulted from the decomposition of the methyl formate, which in turn is derived from the condensa- tion of two molecules of formaldehyde. 99. The destructive distillation of soil.” (Preliminary note.) By Eric John Holmyard. With a view to obtain further insight into the nature of the organic matter in soil, various soils have been destructively distilled from an iron retort.At a temperature of low rednem, a distillate of two layers was obtained; the lower, aqueous, layer was strongly alkaline, and smelt o€ ammonia. The upper layer consisted of small quantities of a brown oil, possessing a characteristic odour resem- bling that of pyridine. Qualitative tests on the aqueous layer showed the presence of phenol and ammonia. The oil, after the addition of alkali, was purified by distillation in a current of steam, and was then pale yellow. On exposure to air for some days it darkened. Qualitative tests indicated the presence in it of pyridine, quinoline, pyrrole, indole, thiophen, and possibly furfuraldehyde.Both field soils and garden soils gave similar results, although the yield of oil was greater in the case of the garden soils. The results are consistent with the view that the processes of decomposition occurring in the organic matter in soil are similar to those operative in the formation of coal. Further experiments on the subject ar; in progress. 100. ‘‘Dibenzoylglncoxylose, a natural benzoyl derivative of a new disaccharide.” By Frederick Belding Power and Arthur Henry Salway. The crystalline compound dibeizzoylglucoxylose (m. p. 147-14B0), Cl,H1801,(CO*C,H,)2,H,0,which represents the bitter constituent of the leaves and stems of Daviesia Zatifolia, R. Br. (T., 1914, 105, 772), has now been completely examined with respect to its proper-ties, and those of the disaccharide (9Zzccoxylose) which it yields by its primary hydrolysis.110 101. “The molecular weights of some salts of the alkali metals and an account of the compounds of these salts with the alcohols.” By William Ernest Stephen Turner and Crellgn Colgrave Bissett. The results of an investigation (shortly to be published) on the influence of the solvent on the molecular weights of salts (Turner and Pollard) have been applied to interpret the behaviour in solu-tion of the salts of the alkali metals, more particularly those with the halogen elements, and it was argued that the non-associated state of these salts found by several previous workers could be satisfactorily accounted for by the influence either of the dielectric character of the solvent or of the temperature of the determina- tion.In the series of alcohols-ethyl, isobutyl and isoamyl-it was demonstrated that the molecular weights of lithium chloride, bromide, iodide, and nitrate rise as the dielectric constant of the solvent falls. The complication arising through the combination of solvent and solute was discussed, and the five possible types of behaviour owing to concurrent association and chemical combina- tion were illustrated. Association is most pronounced with lithium nitrate, which does not enter into combination with the solvents employed. The associated character of the lithium salts was demonstrated further by molecular-weight determinations in acetic acid.The lithium haloids combine with the alcohols to form com-pounds LiCl(Br,I),SMeOH and LiCl(Br,I),4ROH, where R may be the ethyl, n-propyl, isobutyl, or isoamyl radicle. The compounds NaI,3MeOH and Na1,3CH,*CO2H were also isolated. 102. ‘‘Consistent molecular formulae.” By William Ernest Stephen Turner. From the point of view of Avogadro’s hypothesis, it was argued that many of the common molecular formulae still in use, such, for example, as Hu Iz,P,, SnCl,, and CzH40z,cannot be regarded as derived consist’ently, nor can they, as the outcome of modern work, be considered as adequate. When molecular weights are derived from measurements in solu- tion, an additional factor is introduced in the effect of the solvent, rendering a complete comparison with vapour-density determina-tions impossible.The conditions to be observed in order to make the comparison as favourable as possible were discussed. It was argued that the molecular weight of a substance is, in 111 most cases at any rate, a property dependent on temperature, pressure, and the medium, just as any other physical property, and that, in consequence, the only satisfactory mode of writing mole- cular formulz is by a formula X,,in the case of elements, or (XP), for compounds, where n is to be given the value which holds for the particular conditions of existence. For some substances, n remains constant over a wide range. Thus, for hydrogen, n=2 over a wide range of conditions, but at a very high temperature may become 1.For sulphur, this variation extends from n=8 to n=l. The use of molecular formulz in the way advocated would emphasise the connexion between the chemical and physical proper- ties and the molecular weight. 103. Note on the formation of triphenylcarbinol.”‘r By Maurice Copisarow. Friedel and Crafts (Conipt. rend., 1877, 84, 1452; Ann. Chirn. Phys., 1884, [vi], 1,500) found that on distilling the condensation product obtained from carbon tetrachloride and benzene in the presence of aluminium chloride triphenylmethane was chiefly pro- duced, along with some triphenylcarbinol and possibly tetraphenyl- methaoe. E. and 0. Fischer (Anden, 1878, 194, 254), repeating Friedel and Crafts’ experiment in the same manner, obtained chiefly tri- phenylmethane, and a little trip henylcarbinol, but failed to detect any tetraphenylmethane.Hinsberg (Bey., 1899, 32, 2422), replacing aluminium chloride by ferric chloride in the condensation of carbon tetrachloride with benzene, found the product, on distillation in a current of steam, to consist of triphenylcarbinol only. The question arises whether the difference in the products is due to the dissimilar experimental conditions or to the different effect of the metallic chlorides. In order to decide this, the author has performed the following experiments : (1) Sixteen grams (1 mol.) of carbon tetrachloride were mixed with 25-30 grams (3-4 mols.) of benzene, and 250 C.C. of carbon disulphide added ;45 grams of aluminium chloride were gradually introduced, the reaction being allowed to cease after emb portion before further addition.The mixture was heated on the steam- bath for about nine hours, and afterwards decomposed with ice and hydrochloric acid, the carbon disulphide removed, and the product subjected to distillaticn with steam. The residne, z dark solid mass, was dissolved in alcohol ,from which triphenylcarbinol crystal- 112 lised; the latter was dissolved in benzene, the solution boiled with animal charcoal, and filtered, when, on cooling, laxge, white, rhombic crystals of triphenylcarbinol, melting at 159O, were obtained. The yield wae 19 grams. (2) Hinsberg’s experiment (Zoc. cit.) was repeated, but the product was submitted to distillation as described by Friedel and Crafts.The product was found to consist chiefly of triphenylmethane (m. p. 92O), and a small amount of triphenylcarbinol. From these experiments the conclusion may be drawn that aluminium chloride is identical in its effect with ferric chloride, but being more energetic it is to be preferred, as it gives better yields and requires less time to complete the reaction. The real difficulty in obtaining very good yields is in the large amount of tarry matter formed during the reaction. The difference in the produck obtained by Friedel and Crafts and E. and 0. Fischer on the one hand, and by Hinsberg on the other is due to the secondary effect during the distillation without steam in the former case.No tetraphenylmethane was detected in the author’s experiments. 104. 6‘ The ionisation of acids and their activity as catalysts.” By Harry Medforth Dawson. Recent experiments (Dawson and Powis, T., 1913, 103, 2135) have shown that the rate of isomeric change of acetone in dilute aqueous solution under the catalytic influence of acids can be represented by the equation v=k,ca+k,c(l-a), in which w is the reaction velocity, c the concentration of the acid, a its degree of ionisation, and JiH and kM are the activity-coefficients for the ionised and non-ionised acids respectively. For hydrochloric acid, the degree of ionisation employed in the calculation was that yielded by conductivity data, whilst for dichloroacetic, up-dibromo-propionic, chloroacetic, and acetic acid the value of a was calculated from the ionisation-coefficient, K =ca2/(1 -a).According to Wegscheider (Zeitsch. physikal. Chem., 1909, 69, 603), the mass-action equation is no longer satisfied by the con- ductivity data if the ionic concentration exceeds a certain limiting value. Empirical formulze connecting the degree of ionisation and the concentration have been suggested by Kraus and Bray (J. Amer. Chem. SOC.,1913, 35, 1315) and by Kendall (T., 1912, 101, 1275), which take into account the inter-ionic action which is supposed to give rise to the increase of ca2/(1 -a) in solutions of higher concentration. Assuming that; the deviations from the mass law which are 113 indicated by these empirical equations are true deviations, it is somewhat surprising to find such a close agreement between the observed and calculated reaction velocities when the value used for the degree of ionisation is that calculated on the basis of the mass law.According to Kendall (Zoc. cit., p. 1295), the ionisation of dichloroacetic acid can be represented by the formula cB2/(1 -/3)=0.0316+0~080(1 -S)/S, where is the degree of ionisation at concentration c. If the values of P given by this formula are substituted in the equation v =k,cB + k,c(l -B), the combination of the two. extreme solutions (c=O'Ol and 0.2) gives 1%,=462 and k,=126, whereas the a values derived from the mass-action formula yield k,=445 and 1%,=203. Both pairs of coefficients give almost equally good results in so far as the agreement between the observed and calculated velocities for acid solutions of intermediate concentration is concerned.This is shown in the following table, in which the first column gives the concentration of the acid, the second and third the values of a and B, the fourth and fifth the corresponding calculated velocities v, and vp, and the sixth the observed velocity, v. Dichloroacetic Acid. C. a. 8. Va. va. V. 0.01 0.02 0.856 0.769 0.845 0-778 (4.10) 7.79 (4.10) 7-76 4.10 7.95 005 0.621 0.675 17-7 17-65 18.1 0.1 0.503 0.593 32.5 32.5 32.7 0.2 0-393 0.512 (59.6) (59.6) 59.6 According to the results in this table, there is nothing to choose between the a and B values for the degree of ionisation.It should be noted, however, that the reaction velocities under vp are calcu- lated on the basis of a coefficient E,=462, which deviates appreci- ably from the coefficient k,=437 derived from the data for hydro- chloric acid. The divergence is greater than that shown by any one of the E, values which are obtained from the data for the four weaker acids on the assumption that the ionisation occurs in accordance with the mass law. The agreement between the separate values of kH (Zoc. cit., p. 2142) is the more remarkable when the difference in the ionic concentration of the solutions used is taken into account. From the above comparison, it is evident that the degree of ionisation of acids in relatively concentrated solutions must be determined with greater precision before it is possible to assign final values to the activitycoefficients of the non-ionised acids.Experiments with this object in view are in progress, 114 105. ‘‘Synthesis of dl-tyrosine and dl-3:4-dihydroxyphenylalanine.” By Henry Stephen and Charles Weizmann. In continuation of previous work (P., 1912, 28, 147), the authors have obtained the following new substances, in addition to those already mentioned in the above note: Phthalamino-p-methoxybenzylmalonic acid, obtained by hydro-lysing ethyl phthalimino-pmethoxybenzylmalonate, is a white powder crystallising from acetic acid in plates, and melting and decomposing at 210O. P~~thalamir~o~iperonylmalonicacid, obtained from the corre-sponding condensation product, melts and decomposes at 234O.On hydrolysis with hydrochloric or hydrobromic acid, the hydrochloride (m. p. 246O) or hydrobromide (m. p. 212.) of 3: 4-dihydroxyphenyl-alanine is obtained. 106. ‘‘ Optically active derivatives of d-dimethoxy-and d-diethoxy-succinic acids.” By Charles Robert Young. The preparation of methyl d-diethoxysuccinate was described ;the specific rotation of the pure liquid was found to be almost identical with that of the isomeric ethyl 6-dimethoxysuccinate. The optically active anilic acids, ads, anilides, and hydrazides derived from d-dimethoxy- and d-diethoxy-succinic acids have been prepared, and their rotatory powers compared. No evidence of the formation of isoanils was obtained.6-Dimethoxysuccinamic acid and the corresponding imide were also prepared, and the latter was converted into its methyl deriv- ative by alkylation with silver oxide and methyl iodide. 107. Rate of evolution of gases from supersaturated solutions. Part 11. Carbon dioxide in solutions of gelatin and starch.” By Alexander Findlay and. George King. In continuation of the previous investigation (‘I?., 103,1913, 1170), it was shown that the rate of escape of carbon dioxide from solutions of gelatin and of starch is markedly affected, and more especially so in the case of dilute solutions, by the method of treat-ment of the solution. The shorter the time during which the sdu-tions are boiled (to remove air), and the more rapid the cooling of the boiled solutions, the greater is the influence of the colloidal solution on the rate of escape of gas.The results obtained, more especially in the case of solutions of gelatin, lead to the conclusion that the difference in the behaviour of such solutions, as com-pared with water, is due, mainly, to the concentration of the gelatin sol, and not to the presence of the gel. 115 108. ‘‘The oxidation of carbohydrates and related substances by means of potassium persulphate.” By John Rerfoot Wood and Nellie Walker. The authors have made a comparative study of the rates of oxidation of a number of Carbohydrates and kindred substances by potassium persulphate in the presence of silver sulphate. In the absence of the silver salt the reaction proceeds very slowly, but the addition of small quantities of a 0.5 per cent.sohtion of silver sulphate produces a marked acceleration of the process of oxida- tion. The experiments were conducted at 25*, and the solution of persulphate was almost saturated at that temperature. Equiva-lent amounts of the carbohydrates were employed, and sufficient of the persulphate solution to supply one atom of oxygen per molecule of carbohydrate was added. (With disaccharides, one atom of available oxygen per half molecule of sugar was added.) The reaction was followed by removing portions of the mixtures from time to time, and measuring the acidity of the solution. Velocity-constants were calculated by means of the bimolecular formula.The results show that galactose, arabinose, and xylose are all oxidised at about the same rate; the velocity of oxidation of dextrose is slightly lower than in the case of the three sugars men- tioned, whilst the rate for rhamnose is a little lower than that for dextrose. The authors consider that in the case of these five sugars it is extremely probable that under the conditions employed the sugars are almost quantitatively converted into the corresponding aldonic acids. The velocity of oxidation of lzvulose is greater than that of dextrose, and the process does not appear to be of so simple a character. The disaccharides are oxidised more rapidly than the simple sugars. With the polyhydric alcohols it was impossible to obtain, in the majority of cases, a definite velocity-constant.This indicates the occurrence of secondary reactions, the alcohol probably being partly converted into an aldehyde, which is then more rapidly oxidised than was the original substance. 109. “Allanturic acid.” By Arthur Walsh Titherley and Noel Guilbert Stevenson Coppin. The syrup described as allanturic acid in the literature, obtained by the decomposition of allantoin by hot aqueous nitric acid and by other means, has been shown by the authors to be a mixture 116 the composition of which is dependent on its origin, the essential constituents being carbamidoglycollic acid, NH;CO*NH*CH(OH) *CO,H, CO---NH>CO, and a veryits lactam, glyoxalylcarbamide, ~H(OH)=NH weak base, C3H,0,N3, may also be present.The syrup obtained from allantoin and nitric acid by Pelouze, and later by Mulder, has been closely studied. On treatment with acetone, it falls to a white powder containing about 60 per cent. of glyoxalylcarbamide, the remainder being chiefly the compound C,H,O,N,, partly present as nitrate. Since the latter dissociates on dissolving in water, giving free nitric acid, the powder appears to possess pronounced acid properties, but the glyoxalylcarbamide component is itself only a pseudo-acid requiring about 40 per cent. of an equivalent of alkali to show a neutral point (indefinite) to phenolphthalein in dilute aqueous solution. The “ glyoxalyl-carbamide” of Medicus cannot, on account of its properties and mode of formation, be this lactam, and the present investigation throws no light on its nature.Evidence bearing on the nature of “allanturic acid” has been obtained by a study of the decomposition of allantoic acid by nitric acid under varying conditions. At Oo or 15O with concentrated nitric acid, one molecule of carbamide is eliminated, and after concentration in a vacuum in the cold, a syrup or amorphous solid is obtained, consisting of glyoxalylcarbamide and the nitrate of a carboxylic acid, probably carbamidoglycollic acid, NH,*CO*NH*CH(OH)*CO,H. With aqueous nitric acid at looo the decomposition is complete in a few minutes, but less than one molecule of carbamide is split off, and ammonia is eliminated. On now (1) concentrating in a vacuum and treating the syrup with acetone, impure glyoxalyl- carbamide is obtained in small yield, but on (2) concentrating at looo carbon dioxide is eliminated, and the syrup with acetone gives a relatively large yield of glyoxalylcarbamide admixed with the nitrate of the base, C,H,O2N,.These facts indicate that the allantoic acid decomposes in two ways, namely, (a) by hydrolysis, yielding carbamide and carbamidoglycollic acid, which during con- centration suffers incomplete conversion into glyoxalylcarbamide ; (b) by elimination of ammonia, yielding 4: 6-diketohexahydro-1: 3 : 5-triazine-2-carboxylic acid, which at looo in the presence of nitric acid loses carbon dioxide, and furnishes 4 :6-diketohexahydro-1: 3 : 5-triazine (the weak base C,H,O,N,).117 110. bL The reaction between sodium benzylthiosulphate and iodine.” By Thomas Slater Price and Arthur Jaques. The velocity of the reaction between sodium benzylthiosulphate and iodine in potassium iodide solution, which takes place accord- ing to the equation: 2NaO*SO2*S*CHz-C,H5+2H,O +I,= (C,H,*CH,),S, + 2HI + 2NaHSO,, has been investigated in aqueous solution at 25O. Experiments with either component in excess showed that the reaction is unimolecular, both with respect to the sodium benzylthiosulphate and with respect to the free iodine; apparently the tri-iodide ion does not enter into reaction. When the componenls are present in equiva- lent concentrations, the velocity-constaats are satisfactory in the more concentrated solutions, but rise continuously in the more dilute solutions; moreover, the value of the constants varies in the different solutions.The rise and variation in the constank were discussed and shown to be due, in all probability, (1) to the cata- lytic influence of the precipitated benzyl disulphide, owing to adsorption of iodine; (2) to the fact that the anion of the sodium benzylt-hiosulphate is alone concerned in the reaction. The first stage in the reaction is probably the combination of a molecule of sodium benzylthiosulphate with one of iodine, in accord- ance with the equation: C,H,*CH,*S*SO,*ONa+I, =C,H,*CH,*S12*S02*ONa. The compound thus produced is then decomposed very quickly, with the formation of benzyl disulphide, sodium hydrogen sulphate and hydriodic acid. 111.“The dynamics of the action of halogens on aliphatic alde- hydes. Keto-enol isomerism of the aldehydes.” By Harry Medforth Dawson, Donald Burton, and Harry Ark. Kinetic experiments relating to the action of bromine and iodine on acetaldehyde and its homologues have been made in dilute aqueous (or aqueous-alcoholic) solution, in which the rate of dis-appearance of the halogen was measured. The majority of the observations were made with acetaldehyde, and in all cases the aldehyde was present in relatively large quantity compared with the halogen. The results obtained indicate that oxidation and substitution may both occur in the action of bromine on the aldehydes in dilute aqueous solution.Whereas in neutral so3ution the whole of tha bromine is used up in the oxidation of the aldehyde, substitution 118 takes place simultaneously if the solution is rendered strongly acid by the addition of a mineral acid. The relation between the quan- tities of bromine, which are used up in oxidation and substitution respectively, depends on the concentration of the free bromine and on the acidity of the solution. In a N-hydrobromic acid solution the concentration of free bromine is only about one-twentieth of the total bromine-concentration as a consequence of the formation of polybromide (HBr,), and in these circumstances it was found that the substitution reaction is the predominant reaction, whereas oxida- tion is predominant in a A7-hydrochloric acid, and still more so in a E-sulphuric acid solution.In neutral solution, iodine reacts with acetaldehyde very slowly, but the rate of disappearance of the halogen is greatly increased in the presence of a mineral acid. The reaction-velocity in acid solu- tion is nearly constant, and the velocity-coefficient is practically identical with the coefficient calculated for the substitution reaction from the data obtained in the experiments with bromine. The experimental facts suggest that halogen substitution in the aldehydes is conditioned by preliminary isomeric transformation of the aldehyde from the ketonic to the enolic form, the velocity of this change being greatly increased in the presence of acids. 112.“Equilibrium in the system: ethyl alcohol, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, and water, and its apparent displacement by mineral chlorides.” By James Fletcher and William Jacob Jones. It has already been shown (T., 1911, 99, 1427) that hydrogen chloride disturbs the above equilibrium owing to the formation of hydrate. In the present investigation these observations have been extended so as to include lithium and calcium chlorides. 113. The mechanism of cyanidion catalyses.” By William Jacob Jones. A chemico-dynamical investigation of the interaction between hydrogen cyanide and certain organic anions containing a double bond was described. It was shown that the speed of addition was proportional to the concentration of cyanidion present.114. ‘‘ The interaction between hydrogen cyanide and aldehydes and ketones in dilute solution.” By William Jacob Jones. It was shown that in dilute solution equilibria of the type: RR’CO +HCN Z RR’C(OH).CN are established. Water and, to a less extent, alcohol exert a dissociative influence on cymohydrins. 119 ADDITIONS TO THE LIBRARY. I. Donations. Istrati, C. I. Studiu relativ la o nomenclaturZ general; in chimia organicii. Bucureqti 1913. pp. vii +1223. (Recd. 5/3/14.) From Professor A. W. Crossley. Le Chatelier, Hmry Louis. La silice et les silicates. Paris 1914. pp. 574. (Recd. 2/3/14.) From the Author. Tollens, Bemhard. Kurzes Hand buch der Kohlenhydrate. 3rd edition. Leipzig 1914. pp. xx +816. ill. 31.22.--.(Recd. 16/3/14.) From the Publisher : Johann Ambrosius Barth. ]:I. By Purchase. Abderhalden, End. Lehrbuch der physiologischen Chemie. 3rd edition. Part 1. Eerlin 1914. pp, viii+736. M.21. (Recd. 11/2/14.) Bauer, IiZLgo. Der heutige Stand der Synthese von Ptlanzen-alkaloiden. Braunschweig 1913. pp. viii +144. M. 4.50. (Recd. 13/3/13.) Bohm, C. Richard. Die Verwendung der seltenen Erden. Leipzig 1913. pp. viii +107. ill. M.4.50. (Recd. 11/2/14.) Dekker, J. Die Gerbstoff e. Botanische-chemische AXonographie der Tannide. Berlin 1913. pp. xiii +636. 11.20.--. (Red 13/2/14.) Don, John, and Chisholm, John. Modern methods of water purification. 2nd edition. London 1913. 15s. net. (Recd.11/2/14.) Kohler, Hippolyt, and Graefe, Edmund.Die Chemie und Technologie der natiirlichen und kunstlicben Asphslte. 2nd edition. Braunschweig 1913. pp. xxi +504. ill. RI.18.-. (Recd. 11/2/14.) Schmidlin, Julius. Das 'l'riphenylmethyl. Stuttgart 1914. pp. xii + 233. M. 8.-. (Xecd. 13/3/14.) INFORMAL MEETING. The Rooms of the Society will be open for an informal meeting of the Fellows on Thursday, April 30th, from 8 to 10 p.m. Smoking will be permitted, and light refreshments will be provided. Fellows are invited to exhibit apparatus and specimens of interest, and to show experiments; those wishing to do so are requested to communicate with the Honorary Secretaries not later than the Monday previous to tlie meeting. 120 THE FARADAY LECTURE. The Faraday Lecture, entitled (I Electrolytic Dissociation,” will be delivered by Professor Dr.Svante Arrhenius, F.R.S., on Monday, May 25th, at 6 p.m. The Lecture will be given, by the kind permission of the Managers, in the theatre of the Royal Institution, 21, Albemarle Street, W. Admission will be by ticket only. Each Fellow of the Society is ent,itled to two tickets, which may be obtained on application to the Assistant Secretary, Chemical Society, Burlington House, W. RESEARCH FUND. A meeting of the Research Fund Committee will be held in June next. Applications for grants, to be made on forms yhich can be obtained from the Assistant Secretary, must be received on or before Monday, June lst, 1914. All persons who received grants in June, 1913, or in June of any previous year, whose accounts have not been declared closed by the Council, are reminded that reports must be in the hands of the Honorary Secretaries by June 1st.The Council wish to draw attention to the fact that the income arising from the donation of the Worshipful Company of Gold-smiths is more or less especially devoted to the encouragement of research in inorganic and metallurgical chemistry. Furthermore, that the income due to the sum accruing from the Perkin Memorial Fund is applied to investigations relating to problems connected with the coal-tar and allied industries. At the next Ordinary Scientific Meeting on Thursday, May ?th, 1914, at 8.30 p.m., there will be a ballot for the election of Fellows, and the following papers will be communicated: ‘(Researches on santalin.Part 11.” By J. C. Cain, J. L. Simonsen, and C. Smith. ‘‘The nature of molecular association. Its relation to chemical combination.” By W. E. S. Turner and S. English. “The action of diastase on starch granules.” By J. L. Baker and H. F. E. Hulton. 121 CERTIFICATES OF CANDIDATES FOR ELECTION AT THE NEXT BALLOT. 3T.B.-The names of those who sign from ‘(General Knowledge ” are printed in italics. The following Candidates have been proposed for election. A ballot will be held on Thursday, May 7th, 1914. Ahmad, Abdel Hameed (B.Sc.)Birm., The University, Birmingham. Past-graduate, doing research work in Organic Chemistry at the Birmingham University. Percy F. Frankland. C. Kenneth Tinkler.Hamilton McCombie. Ed ward P. Frankland. Frederick Challenger. Armstrong,Charles Frank, Marhourah, B. and N.-W. Ry.,Saran, Behar. Chemist and Manager, Marhourah Sugar Works. 1904-6, Student in the Chemical Dept., South Western Polytechnic, Chelsea ; 1906 and 1907, Assistant to Dr. Thorne (Southamptoo Wharf, Battersea) ; 1908 onwards, Chemist, Warhourah Sugar Plantation and Factory. Leonard Temple Thorne. J. C, Crocker. J. Bernard Coleman. Ermst Feilmann. E. Haynes Jtfers. Bacon, Raymond Foss, Pittsburgh, Pa. Associate Director, Melton Institute of Industrial Research. University of Pittsburgh. B.Sc. Depaun Univ. 1899, RI. A. (same), 1900, Ph.D. Univ. of Chicago, 1904; Professor in Univ. of Pittsburgh 1911, -Author of contributions to Scientific Journals on Philippine Terpenes, Essential Oils, Medicinal Plants, Food Products, Tropical Sunlight, etc.Alexander Smith. Robert Kennedy Duncan. S. F. Acree. J.Livingston R. Morgan. Maraton Taylor Bogert. Baxter,Arthur, 360, York Road, Camden Road, N. Teacher. Bachelor of Science (London). Science Teacher at the 122 ‘‘Acland ’’ Central L C.C. School. Board of Education’s School-master’s Certificate. Nine Advanced Science Certificates (Board of Education). George Senter. Geoffrey Martin. Fred Barrow. G. W. Clough. EdKard Lewis James. Baxter, Frederick Stanley, 119, Albert Street, Regent’s Park, N.W. Analytical Chemist. Four years as Assistant to Mr. F. J. Lloyd, F.I.C. Six years Chemist and Analyst to the British Malt Products Go., 1, Market Street, S.E.and Dunbar, Scotland. Fredk. J.Lloyd. L. 0.Newton. Alex. MacFarlane. R. 2’. Thomson. Ear old Baron,. Baxter, Robert Reginald, St. John’s College, Oxford. Research Assistant to Prof. W. H. Perkin, formerly Scholar of St. John’s College, Oxford. B.A. Hon. School Chemistry, Oxford. Assistant Demonstrator at the Christ Church, Lab. Published paper in J.C.X. (vol. 103, p. 1986) with Dr. F. D. Chattaway on “The Action of Nitrogen Iodide upon Methyl Ketones.” W. W. Perkin. B. Lambert. F. D. Chattaway. A. F. Walden. N. V.Sidgwick. W, B. Shaw. Bayley, Charles Wesley, 63,Caxton Road, Wood Green, N. Pharmacist and Analyst. Present Appointment, Superintendent ‘‘Apothecaries’ Hall,” SOC.of Apothecaries, London, E.C.Registered Chemist and Druggist, Qualified Dispenser SOC. of Apothecaries London. Science and Art Certificates, South Kensington : Practical Organic 1st class, Theo. Inorganic Chemistry Adv. 2nd class ;Practical Inorgapic Adv. 1st class, Theo. Inorganic Chemistry Elem. 1st class ; Practical Inorganic Elem. 1st class. Student of the late W. Watson Wills, F.C.S.,Ph.C. I am desirous of becoming tl Fellow of the Chemical Society in order that I may keep in touch with modern Chemical Research. Maurice Erooks Jack. H. Lucas. Isaac 8. Scarf. E. J. Jackman. 3’. liilrner De Morgan. 123 Bishop, Robert Odell, I, Augustine Road, West Kensingtoo. Analytical Chemist to Messrs. Fullers Ltd., Confectioners.Obtained Certificates of the City and Guilds Inst. after 3 years at the Technical College, Finsbury. One year’s Senior Studentship in the Reseatech Lab. of Professor Meldola. Passed the Intermediate Exam. for the Associateship of the Institute of Chemistry. R. Meldola. W. F. Hollely. B. H. Buttle. H. Droop Richmond. A. J. Hale. E. R. Bolton. Coulthard, Albert, 9, Portland Avenue, Stamford Kill, London, N. Lecturer in Chemistry. B.Sc. (Hons. School Chemistry), Man- Chester, 1898 ; Ph.D. (magna cum laude), Freiburg i. B., 1910. Dissertation on Merkaptane der Anthrachinonreihe.” Papers on (1) ‘I The Dinitrobenxidines : A New Form of Isomerism ” (in conjunc-with Cain and Micklethwait) ; (2) Derivatives and Substitution Products of the two Isomeric o-Dinitrobenzidines ” (in conjunction with Cain and Micklethwait) ; (3) IL New Dyestuffs Derived from Methylethylaniline ” (in conjunction with Cain).Harold B. Dixon. Gilbert J, Fowler. Arthur Lapworth. J.E. Myers. Norman Smith. 3. Hope. Craig, Robert Barclay, 50, North Albion Street, Glasgow. Chemist. Four years Assistant Chemist with the North British Railway Company and one year with Nobel’s Explosives Coy., Ardeer. At present, Chemist with The Nickel Company, Kirkintilloch. Studied Chemistry at The Boyal Technical College, Glasgow. I am desirous of joining the Society in order that I may follow closely the progress of Chemical Science. A. D. Gardiner. Norman Picton. William Dallas. F. J. Wilson. Archibald Knox.D.€7. Peacock. Foulds, Robinson Percy (M.Sc.), Stanley Villa, Colne, Lsncs. Member of Firm of Th. Foulds & Son, Manufacturing Chemists, Green Shed, Colne. B.Sc. (Hons. in Chemistry) 1911.; M.Sc. (by Rbaearch) 1912 ;worked with Prof. R. Robinson on Safrole and IYO- 124 ”Safrole ; Author of “ 2-Phenyl-5-styr~loxazolein Proc. Chem. Soc., 1913. Harold B. Dixon. J. E. Myers. Arthur Lapworth. F. R. Lankshear. Ch. Weizmann. F. P. Burt. Galt, Hugh Miller, Elm Croft, Withdean, Brighton. I‘Pathologist and Bacteriologist, Stephen Ralli ” Memorial Labora- tory, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton. B.Sc., M.B., F.R.F.P.S. (Glas.) ; D.P.H. (Cambs.) ; Late Professor of Legal Medicine and Public Health, St. Mungo’e College, Glasgow ;Late Assistant Professor of Legal Medicine and Public Health, Glasgow University ; Double Medallist and “Mackay Smith ” Scholar in Chemistry, Glasgow University, etc. etc.M. C. Clutterbuck. William H. Gibson. William Jago. Alfre d E. Sibson. AZfred Oke. Ghosh, Brojendranath, 59, Hereford Road, Bayswater, W. M.Sc. (Calcutta). Conducting Research Work at University College, London. Samuel Smiles. H. T. Clarke. R. Wright. C. R. Crymble. J. N. Collie. Haskew, Richard Selwyn, ‘I Cwmbran,” Newport, Mon. Manager’s Assistant, The Cwmbran Chemical Co., Ltd. Completed Diploma Course at the City and Guilds College, S. Kensington, in the Dept. of Chemistry, obtaining Diploma of A.C.G.I. ;Continuing Work at the College carried out under Prof.Armstrong-Research Work on certain Glucosides and Hydrolysis ;Hon. Secretary, City and Guilds College Chemical Society, 1910-1 2 ; In 1912, obtained Appointment as Manager’s Assistant, The Cwmbran Chemical Co., Ltd. Henry E. Armstrong. W. Robertson. G. T. Morgan. J. Vargas Eyre. Edward Wheeler. Heyrovsky, Jaroslav, 24, Agincourt Road, N.W. Student at University College, London. B.Sc. (Honours in Chemistry) ;Demonstrator in Physical Chemistry (University College). F. G. Donnan. Samuel Smiles. J. N. Collie. R. E. Slade. It,Whytlaw Gray. S. G. Sastry. 125 Hobson, Arthur Bertram (M.Ec.), 13, Westy Lane, Latchford, Warrington. Works Chemist. B.Sc. 1st Class Honours in Cbem., University of Maachester ;M.Sc.by Research ;Chemist in Richmond Gas Stove Go., Warrington. Harold B. Dixon. W. J. Jones. F. P. Burt. Arthur Lapworth. Ch. Weizmann. E. Hope. J. E. Myers. Hodges, Trevor Edward, 43, Stapleton Hall Road, Stroud Green, N. Third Year Chemical Student at Finsbury Technical College with the intention of becoming a professional Chemist ;being desirous of receiving the Society’s publications and of attending the meetinge. R. Meldola. B. H. Buttle. A. J. Hale. W. F. Hollely. G. E. Shaw. J. Huck. Hudleston, Lawson John, 68, Parliament Hill, Hampstead, London, N.W. Chemical Research Student. I have studied Chemistry for four years in University College, London University, and have graduated there with honours in Chemistry.Samuel Smiles. R. Whytlaw Gray. R. E. Slade. W. B. Tuck. V. Lefebure. MaoIvor, Ralph Waldo Emeraon, 47,Victoria Street, Westminster. Analytical and Consulting Chemist; Fellow of the Society for 14 years : F.I.C. ;Author of many contributions to Chemical Journals. Formerly Consulting Chemist to Governments of Victoria and South Australia, dtc., &c., William Ramsay. George McGowan. Otto Hehner. Arthur R. Ling. William Crookes. Myddleton, William Whalley, 6, Fairfield Road, Latchford Without, Warrington. Research Chemist ;B.Sc. Degree, Belfast University, 1911 ;M.Sc. Degree, Belfast University, 1912. T. P. Hilditch. A. W. Stewart. E. A. Letts. A. K. Macbeth. John Hawthorne. 126 Newton, Arthur Ulysses, 37, Netherhall Gardens, Hampstead, N.W.Research Student (Chemistry) at University College, London. Student of Science at University College since 1910. Demonstrator in Chemistry (1912-13). B.Sc. (London), First Class Honours in Chemistry. J. N. Collie, Samuel Smiles. F. G. Donnan, R. Whytlaw Gray. Irvine Masson. Partington, JamesRiddick, The University, Manchester. Assistant-lecturer in Chemistry in the University of Manchester. B.Sc. University Scholarship, 1909 ;Beyer Fellow, 19 10 ;researched with Prof, Nernst, 1911-13, author of following papers (among others) :-(‘Cholesterol and Fatty Acids,” Trans., 19 I 1;(( Determination of Dis- sociation pressures of Hydrated Salts by a Dynamicnl Method,” Trans., 1911. “Temp. Coeff.of the Electrical Conductivity of Hydrogen Chlo- ride in Alcoholic Solution,” Trans., 19 11. ‘(Electromotive Forces in Alcohol” (with Prof, Lapworth), Trans., 1910 and 1911. ‘(Bestim-mung des Verhaltnisses der Specifischen Wiirmen der Luft und Kohlensaure. Yhys., Zeitsch., 191 3. Harold B.Dixon. W. J. Jones. Ch. Weizmann. A. Lapworth. F, P. Burt. E. Hope. Norman Smith. Pratt, Walter Ryley, 17, Bloomsbury Sq., W.C. Assistant-lecturer in Chemistry and Physics., Pharmaceutical ’Society’s School of Pharmacy. B.Sc. (Lond.) Honours Chemistry ; A.1.C. ;Pharmaceutical Chemist, Jacob Bell Scholar ; Neil Arnott Scholar ; Salter’s Fellow ; Demonstrator at Pharmaceutical Society’s School. Author and joint author of six research papers contributed to the Chemical Society, Pharmaceutical Society and British Pharmaceut- ical Conference, Arthur W.Crossley. Charles A. Keane. J. T. Hewitt. Charles H. Warner. G. Francis Morrell. Ratcliffe, Henry, 38, Sefton Terrace, Beeston Hill, Leeds. Technical Chemist. Chief Chemist to The Leeds Phosphate Works, Ltd., Leeds. (South Kensington) Honours Chemistry (Practical) 127 Honours Metallurgy (Theory and Practical). City and Guilds. (Iron and Steel manufacture). B. A. Burrell. N. D. Ridsdale. Thomas Fairley. H. Prankland. C. H. Ridsdale. Ernest W. Jacibon. Reeve, Walter William, 4, Gowlett Road, East Dulwich, S.E. Bachelor of Science (London), University College. J. N. Collie. Samuel Smiles. F. G. Donnan. H. T. Clarke.V. Lefebure. Reynard, Herbert Corner, West Ewell, Surrey. Student. B.Sc. (Lond.) 1st Class Hons. Chemistry. J. Norman Collie. Samuel Smiles. F. G. Donnan. R. Whytlaw Gray. James W. Horseman. Rogers, John, 195, W. George St., Glasgom. Technical Advisor to Nobel’s Explosives Co. Ltd. Student, Glasgow and West of Scotland Technical College, 1894-1897. Assistant to Dr. Henderson at above College, 1897-1898. Research Chemist, Nobel’s Ardeer Factory, 1898-1908. Present appointment from 1908. Fellow of the Institute of Chemistry. Wm. Rintoul. N. Picton. I). H. Peacock. Wm. Barbour. G. H. Beckett. W. R. Moore. Rundell, Percy Charles, Glenthorne, St. Albans Crescent, Woodford Green, Essex. Analytical Chemist. Have studied Chemistry since the age of 16 (6 years).For 3 years (Nov. 17th, 1909, to Nov. 17th, 1912) was an articled pupil to Mr. Leo Taylor, F.I.C., Public Analyst. For nearly two years I have been an Assistant Chemist at Messrs. Johnsons & Son’s Smelting Works, Finsbury, E.C. F. B. Thole. Charles A. Keane. A. E. Dunstan. B. C. Smith. R. P. Hodges. Seal, La11 Behary, Rangoon, Burma. 3rd Assistant Chemical Examiner to Govt. Burma. 1905 to 1907 -General Assistant to the Chemical Examiner’s Laboratory, Medical College, Calcutta. 1908 to Oct., 1911-Assistant to the Chemical 128 Xxaminer to Government of Bengal and Professor of Chemistry, Calcutta Medical College. Oct., 191 1, to present date-3rd Assistant Chemical Examiner to Government, Burma.J. N. Rakshit. Harad han Ray. K. B. Seal. R.L.Jenks. M, N. Banerjee. Tagg,Max Herbert, B.Sc. ‘‘ Brentor,” Clayton Ave., Wembley, Middlesex. Head Master of the Acton and Chiswick Trade School. As Student : 1898-1 502 Dartford Technical Institute ; 1904-6, King’s College, London, Science Faculty ; 1907-8, Rlanchester School of Technology, Bacteriological Dept. ; 1909-10, Liverpool University, Chemical Dept. As Lecturer in Chemistry : 1907-9, Technical Institute and Secondary School, Hyde, Manchester. 1909-1 0, Toxteth Technical Institute, Liverpool. James C. Philip. John M. Thomson. Henry Bassett, jun. Herbert Jackson. A. W. Titherley. Patrick H. Kirkaldy. White, Norman Cecil, 35, Spencer Park, Wandsworth, S.W. Student. Exhibitioner in Natural Sciences,-Trin. Coll.Camb., 1912. B.A. (C‘amb.) Part I, Nat. Sciences Tripos, 1912; Part 11, Nat. Sciences Tripos, 1913. B,Sc. Hons. (Lond.), 1913. Arthur W. Crossley. J. N. Collie. F. G. Donnan. R. Whytlaw Gray, William J. Pope. Wintle, Albert Watkins Maggs, Holly House, Saltcoats, Ayrshire. Assistant in the Research Laboratories of Nobel’s Explosives Company, Ltd., Ardeer Factory, Ayrshire; was Zg years lecture assistant to the late W. A. Shenstone, F.R.S. at Clifton College. Matriculated 1909. Studied Chemistry at Merchant Venturers’ Technical College and University of Bristol, and at Royal Technical College, Glasgow. Passed Inter. B.Sc. in Physics and Chemistry. One year in the Analytical and 28 years in the Research Laboratories of Nobel’s Explosives Go., Ltd.G. G. Henderson. N. Picton. Thomas Gray. D. H. Peacock. William Rintoul. G. H. Beckstt. Filliam Barbour. 129 The following Certificates have been authorised by the Council for presentation to ballot under Bye-lam I. (3) : Bryant, Edward Godfrey, Grey Institute, Port Eiizabeth, S. Africa. Science Master at above School (1901-1913) ; formerly Science Master at Pontefract (Yorks) Secondary and Technical Schools (1896-1 901). B. A., B.Sc. (London University), Small Analytical Practice for P.E. Municipality ; Divisional Council, etc. Contributions to ChemicaZ News on “Magnesium and Water ” (March 25, 1898 ;Feb. 17, 1899; Nov. 3, 1899); “Chemical Action of Polarised Light” (1913), and other short articles, J.E. Devlin. IT.Lowaon. J. B. Cohen. William Crookes. W. H. Perkins. R.M. Caven. Gill, Clifford Girdlestone, Uncertain ; at present Cawnpore, India. Distillery and Sugar Technologist, at present Manager of Cawnpore. Sugar Works Ltd. Distillery. Educated at private schools in England and at King’s College, London, and Margate Grammar School; 54 years. Been in charge of :Distillery and GO, Plant in Messrs. Parry & Co’s Factory at Nellilsuppam, and of Sugar House and Laboratory in same Company’s Factory zt Kulasekharapatnam ; previously at Amritsar Distillery, now in charge of Cawnpore Sugar Works Ltd. Distillery at Cawnpore. Object, to keep in touch with progress of Chemistry. F. Camp. C. S. Fawcitt. Harrison, Alfred Cornwell, Penhalonga, Rhodesia, S.Africa. Assayer and Chemist, Rerende Mines, Ltd., Penhalonga. 1907-1909, Assistant Analyst to Dr. R. Marloth, Chemical and Bacteriological Laboratory, Cape Town ; 1910-1 9 11, Assistant Assayer, Rerende Mines, Ltd. ; 191 1-, Chief Assayer and Chemist, Rerende Mines, Ltd. Andrew Young. J.McCrae. F. T;p. Watson. Maitra, Birendranath, 10, Kalighat Road, Bhowanipur, Calcutta, India. Assistant, C.E. College. M.Sc. .of the Calcutta University in Chemistry. Assistant to the Professor of Chemistry in the Govt, Engineering College at Sibpore (Bengal). R. N. Sen. Haradhan Ray. Paul Briihl. B. B. Dutta. 130 Mulla, Yusuf Ismail, Alembic Laboratory, Clnb Road, Mandalay Shore, Burma, India. F.S.Sc., M.S.A., M.R.A.S., President of International Mohammedan Association, Member of the Council of the Society for Supervision and Conserva.tion of Religous Endowments of Burma. Delegate to the Indian National Congress to represent Rangoon. General Merchant and Pharmaceutical Chemist. Has been practicing as Chemist some years and gained good experience. Studied Chemistry and Pharmacy for three years and is still studying Chemistry, and interested in research work. One of the reasons of desiring admission is to increase the knowledge of Chemistry by reading and studying the lectures, dis- courses, discussions and other matters on the Science contained in the Society's Journal and other publications, and to make communications, etc. Graduate of Ohio Institute of Pharmacy, Ohio, U.S.A. Graduated in 1904 for graduate and post-graduate courses. Diploma. Thein Kin. J. C. Mascarenhas. G. M. Lloyd. Henry E. Stevenson. ~ ~~ B. CLAY AND SONS, LTD., BEUNBWICK ST., STAMFORD ST., S.E., AND BUNQAY, SUNOLK
ISSN:0369-8718
DOI:10.1039/PL9143000089
出版商:RSC
年代:1914
数据来源: RSC
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