ISSN:0003-4746    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1923.tb05677.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1923

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.The Blackface Mountain sheep carries a very long and coarse fleece consisting of three types of fibre:1Kemp, the shortest, coarsest fibre is completely shed annually. It has the structure of typical hair.2Hair, the longest type, varies a great deal in diameter. Under normal domesticated conditions it has little or no tendency to curl. Only a small percentage of fibres are shed annually, the others showing a finer part in the same region. In structure the coarser fibres resemble the Intermediate (a) type of0. Vignei.3Wool, the finest fibre, tends to vary from typical wool structure to that of the Intermediate(b)type of0. Vigneiand is finer in its proximal third than in its distal part. It is always curly more or less according as it is finer or thicker. Only a few fibres are shed annually.The variation in Blackface fleeces would appear primarily due to the variation in the character of the second type of fibre. “Grey” fibres found scattered throughout the fleece may be of all three t

ISSN:0003-4746    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1923.tb05678.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1923

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0003-4746    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1923.tb05679.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1923

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0003-4746    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1923.tb05680.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1923

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0003-4746    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1923.tb05681.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1923

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.The spores ofBotrytis cinereawere exposed to the action of hot water at temperatures ranging from 31oC. to 50‐3oC, the proportion of spores surviving at different times determined, and the results plotted for each temperature. These give a series of approximately symmetrical sigmoid curves, all exactly alike one another except for the change in the speed of killing at different temperatures. The curves are superimposable on adjustment of the time scale, and in this respect they differ from the curves obtained with phenol, where the shape changes from an S to a J shape as the strength of phenol is increased, eventually becoming logarithmic.The shape of the general curve agrees excellently with a recognised type of frequency distribution, and the observations at all the temperatures examined fall closely on the curve of this distribution.The effect of temperature on the velocity of the reaction is unusually great, and is well expressed by the formula of Arrhenius, if the temperature is reckoned from 0oC. instead of the absolute temperature.By combination of the formula for the curve and the formula for the velocity‐temperature relationship it is possible to express completely for the spores ofBotrytisthe whole of the killing process for any temperature within the Mmits studied under the conditions and with the strain used in these experiments.It is pointed out that in the estimation of temperature coefficients comparison of the times taken to reach a constant result give more accurate and consistent values than comparison of the results reached in constant t

ISSN:0003-4746    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1923.tb05682.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1923

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARY.1The life history of the Apple‐Blossom Weevil,Anthcmomus pomo‐rum, a serious pest in apple‐growing districts, has been worked out and is herein described.2The adult, of which a full description, including that of the alimentary and genital systems, is given, spends the winter hibernating in or near apple orchards.2In spring the adults leave their winter quarters and, prior to mating, feed by piercing the fruit buds and sucking the juices.3Egg laying is performed when the development of the buds is in the stage known as “Cluster‐bud.” The egg is thrust into the centre or the young flower by the ovipositor of the female.4The stages, oval, larval, and pupal are described followed by a discussion of the habits of the young adult which is shown to feed on the under surfaces of the leaves.5Natural enemies, including birds, insects and fungi, are shown to play an important part in limiting the extent and distribution of

ISSN:0003-4746    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1923.tb05683.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1923

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary.1Two types of yeasts,A, round cells,B, oval cells, were isolated from a “blown” tin of sweetened condensed milk.2Both types were able to reproduce similar “blowing” when inoculated into tins of sweetened condensed milk.3The oval type was considerably more rapid and vigorous in its action than the round, but was less resistant to heat and drying.4These yeasts are compared with those isolated by Pethybridge from Irish, by Hammer from American, and by Knudsen from Danish and Dutch, sweetened condens

ISSN:0003-4746    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1923.tb05684.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1923

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0003-4746    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1923.tb05685.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1923

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0003-4746    

DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1923.tb05686.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1923

数据来源: WILEY