ISSN:0884-3996    

DOI:10.1002/bio.1170080102

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn the 13 years since it was first published the ‘Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals’ (the Vancouver style) has proved popular with both authors and editors; over 400 journals have stated that they will consider manuscripts that conform to its requirements and we know that many more do so. The fourth edition, reproduced here, incorporates recent amendments made by the gr

ISSN:0884-3996    

DOI:10.1002/bio.1170080103

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effect of different concentrations (0.06, 0.6 and 6.0 mmol/L) of ascorbic acid on neutrophil–endothelial interaction was studied using anin vitromodel of human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells and human neutrophils. The aim of the study was to determine changes in chemiluminescence response of neutrophils during adherence to endothelial cells. Because adherence of neutrophils to endothelial cells is an essential component in inflammatory processes leading to endothelial cell injury, the influence of ascorbic acid on adherence and endothelial cell injury have been investigated. Production of oxygen‐derived metabolites, measured by chemiluminescence response of neutrophils, decreased significantly in the presence of 6 mmol/L ascorbic acid during coincubation of neutrophils and endothelial cells (p<0.025). The adherence of neutrophils to endothelial cells was significantly decreased at a concentration of 6 mmol/L (p<0.0005). The inhibition of neutrophil adherence to endothelial cells was correlated with a diminished neutrophil‐mediated endothelial cell injury during incubation with 6 mmol/L ascorbic acid (p<0.0005). The present results indicate that ascorbic acid might exert a protective effect on neutrophil‐mediated endothelial cell injury by decreasing adherence of neutrophils to endothelial cells and by scavenging reactive oxygen metabolites. Moreover, the current investigation points to probable protective effect of ascorbic acid on oxidant‐mediated cell damage in diseases (e.g., Adult Respiratory Distress

ISSN:0884-3996    

DOI:10.1002/bio.1170080104

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe describe a new sensitive and specific method for determination of oxalate in human serum. By using the chemiluminescence decay of monoperoxyoxalic acid very low concentrations of oxalate (200 nmol/L) can be determined. The mean serum oxalate level in apparently healthy controls was 14.5 ± 8.5 m̈mol/L. Supplementation of ascorbic acid leads to an increase in serum oxalate level. While serum oxalate concentrations of calcium oxalate stone formers (x = 16.4 ± 9.8 m̈mol/L) are not significantly different from the control group, an extreme increase of serum oxalate is evident in haemodialysis patients. The serum oxalate concentration decreased during dialysis treatment from 141.4 ± 32.1 m̈mol/L to 36.4 ± 12.7 m

ISSN:0884-3996    

DOI:10.1002/bio.1170080105

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDecomposition of phenyl acridinium‐9‐carboxylate is monitored using electrogenerated chemiluminescence in a flow system. The formation of the pseudobase from the acridinium ester [AE] is described by rate =k′1[AE] +k″1[AE][OH−]0.5, wherek′1= 0.020 ± 0.006 s−1andk″1= 2.1 ± 0.8 (L/mol)−0.5s−1. Irreversible decomposition of the pseudobase is described by rate =k′2[AE][OH−], wherek′2= 20.1 ± 3.8 (L/mol s). These kinetic equations, plus measurement of variation in emission intensity for constant acridinium ester concentration, are used to predict the resulting emission intensity v. pH behaviour given various contact times (in the 0.25 to 25 s range) for the acridinium ester to be in an alkaline solution prior to initiation of th

ISSN:0884-3996    

DOI:10.1002/bio.1170080106

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe investigated interaction between antibodies directed against myeloperoxidase (anti‐MPO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) with chemiluminescence. Whole serum diluted 1/10 containing circulating anti‐MPO antibodies as well as serum from normal blood donors inhibited myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme activity when incubated with 1.42 m̈g MPO. When further diluted the inhibitory effect was abolished. Incubation with purified human lgG fraction of anti‐MPO, did not cause any inhibition when diluted 1/10 and incubated with 1.42 m̈g MPO. When adding MPO to normal sera a rapid increase of the enzyme activity was seen above 5 m̈g, and the inhibitory effect was completely abolished when 10 m̈g was added. Both sera from healthy individuals, as well as sera from patients with circulating anti‐MPO inhibited MPO activity. The inability of pure lgG fractions from anti‐MPO sera to inhibit MPO enzyme activity, clearly indicates the presence of an inhibitory factor, unspecific or speci

ISSN:0884-3996    

DOI:10.1002/bio.1170080107

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aim was to investigate the factors influencing light emission fromPhotobacterium phosphoreumin the Microtox® test to interpret bioassay results for urine. Four reference urines were assessed as reference materials for the bioassay. Nicotine and cotinine were investigated as urinary markers for tobacco exposure. The optimum luminescence conditions were: 1.85%–3.25% NaCl, 0.33–0.58 mol/L ionic strength, and pH 5.8–6.7. Low pH values and high concentration of toxic trace metals were important factors in this study. Unexpacted toxicity for a Standard Reference Material was attributed to zinc contamination. Nicotine and cotinine together exhibited antagonistic effects in 2% saline but this could not be observed in the urines because of substantial urine toxicity. Thus practical urinary biological monitoring with the Microtox® test necessitates excretion of metabolites and compounds that are much more toxic than the urine components. Also, separation of the effects of physical factors like pH, ionic strength and dilution is essential before chemical toxicity effects can be assigned. This is the first report of Microtox® EC50values for nicotine and cotinine. The results have application to environmental samples since analyses are often uncontrolled relative to pH, ionic strength and

ISSN:0884-3996    

DOI:10.1002/bio.1170080108

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0884-3996    

DOI:10.1002/bio.1170080109

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0884-3996    

DOI:10.1002/bio.1170080101

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY