摘要:

ABSTRACT:Research in aging is now becoming firmly rooted in the scientific method. If it receives the support it deserves, it may produce the next major advance in biology. This article summarizes some of the biological aspects of the field including hypotheses, the aging of cultured human cells, the inverse relationship between donor age and cell longevity, the senescence of cultured normal cells derived from different animal species, the latent period of explanted cells versus donor age, progeria and Werner's syndrome, and the future of gerontological research. Life expectancy at birth has increased in recent years, but at age 65–70 it has remained virtually fixed. The human lifespan will not be changed significantly until the underlying biological causes of senescence are slowed or stopped. Since support for research in this field is almost non‐existent, it is more important to concentrate our efforts on increasing research support for gerontology than on increasing the mean lifespan of man. Without the former, the latter will never be impro

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1974.tb02152.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The application of standardized multi‐test data to the study of aging is explored through age‐prevalence patterns and two theoretical models. In 1350 subjects, the age‐prevalence of raised blood pressure, abnormal electrocardiograms, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, and 2‐hour hyperglycemia, as indicators of cardiovascular disease, were studied in relation to decreases in hearing and vision, as indicators of sensory neural impairment. The age‐dependent changes in special‐sense function occurred independently of cardiovascular abnormalities. Thus a way is indicated whereby a pathologic state may be distinguished from the ag

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1974.tb02153.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:A survey was made of the records of 200 patients (158 men and 42 women) aged 70 or older who had undergone repair of groin hernias. In the aged women, femoral hernias were the most common; indirect hernias were seen much less frequently, and there were no direct hernias. In the aged men, large indirect sliding inguinal hernias and simple indirect inguinal hernias were the most common; direct inguinal hernias were seen less frequently than expected. The most serious and easily overlooked complication of hernia, particularly in old women, is bowel strangulation in association with femoral hernia. The operative procedures were individualized and varied. Local anesthesia was used for all poor‐risk patients and was the method of choice in 185 of the 200 patients. A 1% solution of chlorprocaine was the preferred anesthetic agent.The important complications included wound infection in 7 cases and seroma in 7 cases; infection occurred most frequently in association with gangrenous bowel in the hernial sac. As would be expected, urinary‐tract complications were common since nearly half of the men had benign prostatic hypertrophy. One death occurred in the immediate operative period (third postoperative day) from a cerebrovascular accident. Other deaths after postoperative intervals ranging up to fifteen years were caused by concurrent diseases and seemed unrelated to the hernial operation. The postoperative recurrence rate for hernia was 2 per cent. Surgical repair of groin hernia in aged patients can improve the quality of their lives, and in certain cases (e.g., bowel strangulation) can be a life‐saving me

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1974.tb02154.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:In 14 (8 men and 6 women) of the 8,641 original examinees in the Tecumseh Study, renal failure (RF) was found to have developed during an eight‐year period. The proportion rose significantly with age. At the initial examination (one to eight years before the onset of RF), no subject subsequently uremic had a history of acute glomerulonephritis or chronic renal disease nor was frankly azotemic, although in 4 there was a suggestion of early disease. Six of the 12 subjects (50 per cent) over age 45 who later became uremic gave a history compatible with urinary‐tract infection (UTI), compared with 380 (22 per cent) of the remaining 1,746 examinees in this age range. Conversely, in 6 of 386 persons (1.6 per cent) with a history of UTI, renal failure developed, in contrast to 6 of 1,372 persons (0.4 per cent) without such a history. Common disorders noted at the initial examination one to eight years before RF were congestive heart failure (9 cases), loss of hearing (7 cases), coronary heart disease (5 cases), hyperuricosemia (5 cases), and hyperglycemia (5 cases). This study shows that most persons in whom renal failure develops are elderly and have pre‐existing vascular disease; in about a quarter of them, the findings at the time of the initial examination indicate early renal disease. Although these data point to a relationship between UTI and RF in some cases, in most patients with a history of UTI, renal failure does not de

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1974.tb02155.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Twenty‐four adult men were assigned to an experimental weight‐training group (N=10), or to an experimental jogging group (N=8), or to an active control group (N=6). Height, weight, skinfold thickness (ten sites), girth (four sites), and total body potassium (4 0K) were assessed before and after the exercise programs. After eight weeks of training, the weight‐training group had gained significantly more weight than the jogging group had lost, the jogging and weight‐training groups had lost significantly more fat than the control group, and the weight‐training group showed an increase in fat‐free weight which was significantly different from the changes in fat‐free weight for the other two groups. There were no differences between the three groups for any of the skinfold or girth measurements. Thus adults, given a constant diet, can favorably alter their fat‐free weight and fat weight by participating in regular physical exercise, under adequate medi

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1974.tb02156.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:A case is presented of plasma‐cell mastitis that clinically appeared to be scirrhous carcinoma. The 10‐year history of a mass in the breast was significant in the differential diagnosis. Diagnosis by frozen section can be accurate only if a representative portion of the tissue is examined. Mastectomy is indicated only if the mass proves to be carcin

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1974.tb02157.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:To illustrate the evolution of the Medical Director concept, phases I, II and III of “The Maryland Story” are presented. The Medical Director should be an integral part of the nursing home staff if the quality of care is to be upgraded. The public, the government, nursing homes and the medical profession should recognize this need. The role of the Medical Director should be clearly defined so that there will be no overlapping with the primary responsibility of the Administrator. Organized medicine and regulatory agencies should develop training programs for Medical Directors, to help nursing homes become a significant part of our health care system. There is great need for specialists in geriatr

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1974.tb02158.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1974.tb02159.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY