摘要:

A history of systolic (≥ 160 mm Hg) or diastolic (≥90 mm Hg) hypertension, diabetes mellitus (fasting venous plasma glucose ≥140 mg/dl), a history of cigarette smoking, fasting serum total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dl and ≥250 mg/dl, and obesity (≥20% above ideal body weight) were examined as risk factors for atherothrombotic brain infarction (ABI) in 144 men, mean age 81 ± 8 years, and 391 women, mean age 82 ± 8 years, in a long‐term health care facility. ABI occurred in 33 of 144 men (23%) and in 68 of 391 women (17%), P not significant. A history of systolic or diastolic hypertension correlated with ABI in both men and women (P<0.001). Diabetes mellitus correlated with ABI in both men and women (P<0.001). A history of cigarette smoking correlated with ABI in men (P<0.02) but not in women. Serum total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dl and ≥ 250 mg/dl did not significantly correlate with ABI in men or in women. Obesity did not significantly correlate with ABI in men or in women. Systolic or diastolic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and cigarette smoking are risk factors for ABI in elderly men. Systolic or diastolic hypertension and diabetes mellitus are risk factors for A

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1987.tb01311.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Medication use was studied in a rural, elderly population. Household interviews were conducted of 3,467 individuals aged 65 years or older. A total of 9,955 prescription or nonprescription drugs were reported by the respondents. The overall mean number of drugs per respondent was 2.87, while 12% of all respondents were not taking any drugs. Mean prescription and overall drug use increased significantly with increasing age (P<.001), while mean nonprescription drug use was relatively constant across age groups. Significantly more women were prescription and nonprescription drug users. Directions for scheduled daily dosing accounted for 75% of all directions. The majority of prescription and nonprescription drugs had been taken on the previous day. General practitioners accounted for more prescription drugs (39.7%) than any other medical specialty. The most frequently stated purpose was cardiovascular for prescription drugs and musculoskeletal for nonprescription drugs. The three most frequent prescription drug therapeutic categories were cardiovascular (54.7%), central nervous system (CNS) agents (11.4%), and analgesics (9.4%). For nonprescription drugs, the three most frequent therapeutic categories were analgesics (39.6%), vitamins and minerals (32.9%), and laxatives (14.1%). Implications of these findings are discussed.

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1987.tb01312.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The strength of the knees and ankles of a group of nursing home residents with a history of falls was compared to age‐matched controls. Peak torque (PT) and power (POW) were recorded at two limb velocities (60°/s and 220°s) on a Cybex II Isokinetic dynamometer for four muscle groups: knee extensors, knee flexors, ankle plantar flexors and ankle dorsiflexors. The PT and POW of falters were significantly decreased for all four muscle groups in comparison to controls, with the ankles showing the greatest decrements. Although POW in fullers was significantly lower at the higher velocity in both joints, the decrease was most prominent in the ankles. Dorsiflexion POW production in falters was the most affected of all the motions (7.5 times less than the control value). At the higher, more functional limb velocities, ankle weakness particularly involving the dorsiflexors appears to be an important factor underlying poor bala

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1987.tb01313.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A prospective, controlled, crossover study on drug compliance was initiated in 22 elderly patients from a geriatric clinic. Half of the patients received their pills from a commercially prepared calendar mealtime blister‐pak; the remaining patients received their medication from standard pill bottles. At the end of three months the two groups were crossed over. Pill count and issuance of a new drug supply were done monthly to assess compliance. It was found that the average noncompliance index was significantly decreased (9.17 to 2.04) with the blister‐pak packaging system. The relationship of age, Folstein mini‐mental status, over compliance, frequency of dosing interval, and living situation were also exp

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1987.tb01314.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Age at onset, duration, and severity of dementia were evaluated in 165 patients with a clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Rate of progression of dementia was determined in 77 patients by repeated administration of the Blessed Dementia Scale (BDS). The distribution of age onset among patients was bimodal, with a division at about age 65. Duration of dementia at the time of initial examination was shorter, and rate of progression on follow‐up examination was more rapid in senile‐onset (age 65 or greater) than in presenile‐onset (before age 65) cases. Considerable overlap among values for the two patient groups was observed for both variables, indicating that age at onset is not a strong predictor of rate of progression of dementia in patients with Alzheimer's di

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1987.tb01315.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Nutritional status, dietary intake, weight change, and mortality were studied in a sample of severely demented, institutionalized patients. Dietary intake was registered during five days in two periods, five weeks apart. A weighing method was used. Nutritional status was assessed by anthropometric measurements (weight for height index, triceps skinfold thickness, arm muscle circumference) and determination of circulating proteins (albumin, transferrin, and prealbumin).Energy and/or protein malnutrition was found in 50% of the patients. The mean dietary intake was sufficient according to energy (2059 kcallday), proteins, vitamins, and minerals. A comparison of patients with or without malnutrition showed no differences in dietary intake, diagnoses, age, length of hospital stay, or duration of illness. However, malnourished patients had had four times as many infectious periods treated by antibiotics as patients with no malnutrition. Thirty‐nine of 44 patients lost weight during their hospital stay. There was no correlation between loss of weight, length of hospital stay, or duration of illnes

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1987.tb01316.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A survey of serum testosterone levels and a range of medical and behavioral factors was conducted on 71 males aged 46 to 89 years in an extended care medical facility. Histories of myocardial infarction or heavy drinking were separately associated with diminished testosterone levels (P<.002 and P<.006, respectively). No other factor was associated with testosterone level, including age and mobility. A testosterone level of no more than 438 ng/dl best discriminated patients with myocardial infarction (P<.005, sensitivity 86.2%, and selectivity 50%). Increased incidence of myocardial infarction appeared to be influenced by testosterone in a threshold manner, since the incidence did not rise further with lesser testosterone levels once the level was below 438 ngldl. The incidence of myocardial infarction among patients with testosterone levels below this threshold was unaffected by their exposure to alcohol. Among the 21 formerly heavy drinkers, many (62%) showed testosterone levels ≤300 ngldl. Formerly heavy drinkers should be routinely considered for serum testosterone determinatio

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1987.tb01317.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In recent years, increased emphasis has been placed in the field of geriatric medicine on the need for multidimensional assessment of elderly patients. There is an increasing tendency to use standardized structured assessment instruments or questionnaires in this process. Frequently, the exact question or set of questions to be answered by the instrument has not been carefully analyzed. Although comprehensive structured multidimensional instruments allow the collection of large amounts of data in multiple domains (physical, social, psychologic, economic), these instruments may require excess data collection and may not be reliable in clinical settings. Clinicians considering using a variety of assessment instruments should carefully consider their goals for data collection and carefully review the validity, reliability, and population sampled for any assessment instruments under consideration. Also, the clinical setting in which the instrument is to be used can have a negative impact on either instrument validity or reliability.

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1987.tb01318.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1987.tb01319.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1987.tb01320.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY