摘要:

ABSTRACT:Twenty‐seven normal volunteers whose ages ranged from 22 to 67 (mean, 37 years) were given intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTT). Age was not correlated with the glucose disposal rate constant (KG), incremental insulin secretion (ΔI), or the “insulinogenic index (ΔI/ΔG). The volunteers were divided into three age groups: 1) mean age 25 years, 2) mean age 42 years, and 3) mean age 62 years. Groups 2 and 3 did not differ from Group 1 with respect to the mean level of fasting plasma glucose, KG, or ΔI/AG. Group 2 (but not Group 3) had a greater mean ΔI than Group 1, and Group 3 (but not Group 2) had a higher mean fasting insulin concentration than Group 1. No significant deterioration was detected in the intravenous glucose tolerance of healthy volunteers up to age 67. This may be attributable to the previously described feed‐back system that calibrates the pancreatic beta‐cell response according to the insulin sensitivity of the periph

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1976.tb03245.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The characteristic morphologic changes frequently observed in the brain of an old adult include a decrease in weight and volume, a change in the pattern of cerebral cortical convolutions, and an increase in ventricular size. Cell loss varies from region to region in the brain, and may be intensified in Alzheimer's disease and other disorders associated with senile dementia. Among the neuroglial cells, the microglia undergo the most significant changes with age. Although senile brain disease previously has been regarded as secondary to atherosclerosis, recent neuropathologic studies indicate that only 30 to 40 percent of senile brain disease arises from cerebrovascular pathologic lesions. The dilemma remains, however, of how much of the deterioration observed in the aged is related to disease and how much to senescence. The interaction between gene expression and environmental conditions in aging is another important question for the geriatrician. Progress in the control and treatment of disorders associated with old age depends upon further research into the mechanisms that underlie the process of aging in the brain.

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1976.tb03246.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The water‐soluble proteins of the cerebral gray matter and some enzyme systems (cholinesterase, acetylcholinesterase, lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase) were studied in 9 autopsy cases of Alzheimer's presenile or senile dementia, 1 case of Pick's disease and 1 case of cerebral arteriosclerosis. The proteins and enzyme patterns were visualized on polyacrylamide gradient gels after electrophoresis. In all patients studied, the profiles of cerebral gray‐matter proteins were normal. In the patients with advanced dementia, the enzyme patterns usually were abnormal. Particularly in Alzheimer's disease, the activity of malate dehydrogenase was markedly increa

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1976.tb03247.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Variables stemming from standard psychologic tests, psychophysiologic tests, and operant conditioning procedures were employed in assessing the status of 80 psychogeriatric patients with either organic brain syndromes or functional psychoses. Differences were observed in the responses between the two groups. In general, the performance of the patients with organic brain syndromes was more deviant than that of the patients with functional psychoses, and the performance of the hospitalized geriatric patients (regardless of diagnosis) was worse than that of the normal control groups.

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1976.tb03248.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Adverse physiologic and biochemical changes in the aging skin are aggravated by unprotected, continuous or repeated exposure to the harmful rays of the sun. Waning hormonal activity contributes to these changes. The associated clinical entities are skin dryness, accentuation of facial lines and wrinkles, hyper‐pigmentation, and multiple benign or malignant growths. The skin should be protected by sunscreening and sunblocking agents. Overexposure to the sun must be avoided. Repeated applications of moisturizing creams, vegetable oils, and appropriate hormonal cosmetics may be helpful in hydrating the skin and thus improving its external appearance. Chemosurgery (peeling) and dermabrasion may reduce hyperpigmentation and fine facial lines and wrinkles. New growths can be removed by various surgical methods. Biopsy should be performed to determine the presence of a malignant lesion requiring additional x‐ray ther

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1976.tb03249.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:One hundred patients aged 60 or older were studied clinically after excluding those with cardiac enlargement, definite valvular lesions or electrocardiographic (ECG) evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy. In 30 of the 100 patients a significant systolic murmur was heard on auscultation. Phonocardiograms (PCGs), mitral echograms and pulse tracings were obtained in 28 of these 30 patients (2 had died meanwhile), and the ECGs and chest roentgenograms were reviewed. In 23 PCG patients there was an early or midsystolic murmur, best recorded at the base of the heart and often transmitted to the apex. Mitral valve echograms and carotid and jugular pulse tracings were normal in all cases. Chest roentgenograms revealed aortic enlargement in 83 percent of the 23 patients. In the elderly with no evidence of organic heart disease, a basal systolic murmur is probably an aortic flow phenomenon caused by either moderate aortic dilatation or minimal fibrotic fusion of one or more commissures of the aortic valve.

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1976.tb03250.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Patients with end‐stage renal disease are being kept alive by dialysis treatment which may be provided either in an institution or in the patient's home. However, medical advancements have outstripped the ability of the treatment team to insure the quality of life for these long‐term patients. Although the predominant pattern of care continues to be the hospital‐ or institution‐based unit, an attempt is being made by both patients and physicians to make home dialysis a more viable alternative. There are two major barriers to the large‐scale effectiveness of treatment by home dialysis: 1) lack of criteria for the selection of candidates, and 2) lack of a continuing supportive service system. Home care requires a total understanding of the psychosocial functioning of the patient and t

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1976.tb03251.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:A review of the records of Granada Hills Hospital revealed 4 documented cases of paraesophageal hiatus hernia. One of these geriatric patients presented with incarceration of the gastric fundus, and required an emergency thoracotomy for relief. Paraesophageal hiatus hernia, unlike sliding hiatal hernia, often gives rise to acute surgical problems secondary to incarceration, obstruction, gangrene, perforation or hemorrhage. The approach to the repair operation may be either abdominal or thoracic, dependent upon the need to correct other associated gastrointestinal pathologic lesions. Unless severe debilitating medical diseases are present, operative intervention is recommended.

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1976.tb03252.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Twenty‐one patients with cerebral arteriosclerosis were treated for twelve months with placebo or cyclandelate (Cyclospasmol), 400 mg four times daily, in a double‐blind study with medication cross‐over after six months. The group included 8 men and 13 women, with a mean age of 69 years. Each patient showed at least 5 of 9 signs or symptoms adopted as “inclusion criteria” for the study. Concomitant psychotropic or other drug therapy was standardized or matched during the trial, and periodic assessments were made of the patients' behavioral, physical, neurologic and psychiatric status. No serious side effects were observed. There was no significant difference between the cyclandelate and placebo phases in measurements of physical state. Changes on the gross behavior scales were insufficient for analysis. Tests of memory, control of manual dexterity and comprehension of everyday situations showed statistically significant improvement during the cyclandelate phase. In contrast to placebo, no measurable intellectual decline occurred during cyclandelat

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1976.tb03253.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-8614    

DOI:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1976.tb03254.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY