ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860030102

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCytologic evaluation of body fluids and fine needle aspirations (FNA) is frequently required in patients with hematologic diseases. In this study we have correlated immunophenotyping and DNA analysis by flow cytometry with cytologic findings and tissue biopsies from 20 patients with body fluid specimens and 5 with FNA. Nineteen of 25 cases, including all FNA cases, had an immunophenotype consistent with malignancy: 12 monoclonal lymphomas, 2 T‐cell lymphomas, 2 T‐ALL and 3 non‐T‐ALL. By cytologic examination, 14 of these 19 cases were positive for malignant cells, 2 suspicious and 3 negative; the latter 5 cases, including 2 FNA cases, had small monoclonal B‐cell populations detected by flow cytometry. Six cases had a benign immunophenotype; cytologic examination was benign in 4 of these and suspicious for lymphoma in 2. Our results show the feasibility of using flow cytometry to evaluate body fluids or FNA and demonstrate that small malignant populations that may be missed by routine cytology can be detected by flow

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860030103

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe have previously shown that streptococcal product (SP) extracted from the culture supernatants ofStreptococcus pyogenesATCC 19615 augments NK activity, partly by inducing the release of soluble factors from mononuclear cells. In this study we use SP as an NK stimulant to investigate the mechanism of NK depression in AIDS.We demonstrate that the NK activity of AIDS patients is lower than normal controls and can be significantly enhanced with SP, although not to control levels. The decreased cytotoxicity in AIDS is not due to a depletion of NK cells, nor to the depletion of lymphokines from CD4 cells that are directly involved in NK cell activation. PBMCs from patients with AIDS respond to SP, producing normal levels of NK‐en‐hancing substances in their supernatants. However, upon examining the ability of SP‐induced supernatants from control cells to augment the NK activity of cells from AIDS patients, we find significantly less activity in AIDS cells than in control cells, suggesting an intrinsic effector dysfunction of NK cells in

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860030104

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPremortem diagnosis of the DiGeorge syndrome and its partial variants relies on the demonstration of a primary defect in cell‐mediated immunity, generally in the setting of an infant with congenital heart disease, hypocalcemia, absence of a thymic shadow, and typical dysmorphic features. Although T‐cell enumeration is considered a vital part of the diagnostic evaluation, no studies to date have addressed the issue of appropriate reference data in infants with congenital heart disease. We therefore undertook a prospective descriptive study of lymphocyte phenotype analysis in 27 nontransfused infants undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Striking differences were seen between patients and adult controls in means percentages and numbers of most lymphocyte subsets analyzed. Few differences were found in comparing the patient data to values for age‐matched control infants without heart disease. The data are discussed with reference to published values for patients with partial DiGeorge syndrome. It is concluded that lymphocyte phenotype analysis in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with suspected DiGeorge syndrome must utilize appropriate reference v

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860030105

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA sandwich immunoassay has been developed for the detection of lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a major cell wall constituent of gram‐positive bacteria, from whole blood and ISOLATOR supernate. Monoclonal antibodies were produced to purified LTA fromStreptococcus mutans, BHT and were further characterized for crossreactivity with gram‐positive and negative bacteria and for reactivity to substituted and unsubstituted LTA. Eight monoclonal antibodies were identified that reacted exclusively with gram‐positive bacteria. Those antibodies able to capture H‐LTA were chosen to develop a sandwich immunoassay. The assay has a sensitivity of 0.2 ng LTA/mL in PBS, 0.5 ng/mL in whole blood and 2.0 ng/mL in whole blood that has been processed through the ISOLATOR. Further development of this assay may lead to the rapid detection of LTA from body

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860030106

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMethisoprinol (isoprinosine) is a synthetic compound with reported antiviral and immunomodulating properties. Results of the present study showed that methisoprinol at concentrations ≥ 200 μg/ml reduces the p24 and gp120 viral antigen expression on the surface of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected lymphocytes and the reverse transcriptase levels. In addition, cell viability, the number of the CD4 + cells, and the CD4 + /CD8+ cell ratio are higher in methisoprinol‐pretreated cell suspensions than in untreated HIV‐infected cell cultures. A quantitative freeze‐fracture study on the density of the intramembranous particles (IMP) present on both fracture faces of the plasma membrane of lymphocytes has shown that pretreatment with methisoprinol induces a different molecular organization resulting in a nearly three times increase of I

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860030107

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA 96‐well microplate ELISA for the detection of antibodies to DNA is described. A number of buffers and precoating treatments were used to evaluate the optimal method for coating the plate with DNA. These included pretreatment of the plates with poly‐L‐lysine or protamine sulfate, and posttreatment with glutaraldehyde, none of which improved the performance of the assay. Whereas bicarbonate and borate coating buffers gave equivalent and satisfactory results, TRIS buffer resulted in very high binding of immunoglobulin to wells not coated with antigen.Sera from groups of patients with autoimmune disease as well as normal sera were tested against plates optimally coated with native E. coli DNA, calf thymus DNA, and heat‐denatured DNA. Using native E. coli DNA, virtually none of 35 normal sera had any detectable antibody. With this antigen, as well as with native calf thymus DNA, significant levels of DNA antibody were found only in SLE patients. Most patients with SLE or drug‐induced lupus, as well as some patients with rheumatoid arthritis and normal individuals had antibodies that bound to heat‐denatured (single‐stranded) DNA. Using either nativeE. colior calf thymus DNA, a good correlation was found between the amount of DNA antibody detected by ELISA and the Farr‐type r

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860030108

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo identify tumor‐associated antigens immunogenic to man, human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were generated by fusing regional lymph node lymphocytes (LNLs) of each of three colon adenocarcinoma patients with the M5 mouse myeloma cell line. Heterohybridomas in 19 wells secreted human immunoglobulin (lg) for at least 60 days. To identify immunoreactive MAbs, we devised an immunohistochemical assay with xenografts of six colon tumors. Binding was visualized with a biotin‐conjugated goat antihuman lg antibody followed by an avidin‐biotin‐peroxidase complex. This assay detected binding with a sensitivity of 0.5 ug/ml human lg. Reactivity against tumor‐associated antigens (TAAs) in frozen sections of the colon xenografts was detected in 14 of the 19 supernates. However, only nine (three IgGs, five lgMs and one IgA) were reactive against formalin‐fixed sections, showing that formalin‐fixation destroyed some but not all antigenicity. Four MAbs were cloned and tested against the entire panel of 19 xenografts. One IgM MAb reacted only against colon carcinomas, while the other three (one each of IgA, IgG and IgM) had broader reactivities. Three of the four human MAbs did not cross‐react with melanomas. In summary, human regional lymph nodes contain a high proportion of B lymphocytes sensitized to the autochthonous tumor. Immunostaining of human colon tumor xenografts can readily identify human MAbs reactive with c

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860030109

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present report describes the reactivity of two murine monoclonal antibodies, i.e., CB11 and CB43, the first obtained by using embryonic material as immunizer and the second elicited against a human cell line. These reagents recognize two distinct molecules marking a peculiar differentiation stage on fetallembryonic fibroblasts. The first structure is a single chain of 14.5 kd, the second one a heterodimer of 40‐80 kd. Even if these reagents are not strictly fibroblast restricted, translineage expression does not diminish the medical relevance of the reagents; in fact, they may have application in prenatal diagnostics and amniocentesis testing, in which it is necessary to discriminate between fetal and maternal cell

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860030110

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0887-8013    

DOI:10.1002/jcla.1860030111

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY