摘要:

ABSTRACTA control experiment showed that cottonseed oil used in frying falafel developed significant mutagenic activity. As a result, one hundred samples of fresh and used cottonseed oil employed commercially for frying falafel were collected from restaurants in thirteen major cities of Egypt. Samples were examined for mutagenic activity using the Salmonella typhimurium assay with and without S9. Six of the heated oil samples showed significant mutagenic activity. None of the fresh unheated oil samples were mutagenic. Salmonella typhimurium TA 102 gave a higher response than did either TA 100 or TA 98.Peroxide, hydroxyl, acid and conjugated diene values were much higher for mutagenic samples. Iodine values, however, were lower. Liquid chromatography fractionation revealed that the mutagenicity was concentrated in the polar fraction. The column fraction having the highest mutagenic activity was further examined by chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques.

ISSN:0149-6085    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1986.tb00542.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTBlack pepper, its oleoresin or its active principle piperine fed to rats at doses 5 to 20 times normal human intake did not cause any adverse effect on: (1) growth, food efficiency ratio and organ weights; (2) RBC, WBC and differential counts; (3) the levels of blood constituents like hemoglobin, total serum proteins, albumin, globulin, sugar and cholesterol; (4) the levels of serum aminotransferases and phosphatases and (5) fat and nitrogen balance.

ISSN:0149-6085    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1986.tb00543.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA fourteen hour exposure to sunlight destroys about 90 and 77% aflatoxin B1added to groundnut flakes with and without fat whereas only about 50% of the toxin is destroyed when present as a natural contaminant. Treating the groundnut flakes with 20% urea and 2% soybean flour (a source of urease) at 50% moisture would bring about 70% destruction of aflatoxin B1; In large scale trials, destruction was about 85%. Treatment with urea does not bring down the PER value of the material, which is 1.5 after treatment as against 1.6 in the untreated groundnuts.

ISSN:0149-6085    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1986.tb00544.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTNative cereal beer, pito, brewed in Jos metropolis during the 1984 late planting season was screened for zearalenone content. Zearalenone was detected in pito from 28 of the 46 breweries in 13 of the 14 districts sampled, with mean concentration of 81.75 ± 50.16 μg/liter and range 12.50–200.00 μg/liter. Aflatoxin B1was detected in pooled extracts. There were other chloroform‐soluble isolates but their identities could not be estab

ISSN:0149-6085    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1986.tb00545.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA survey of the commercial spices used by food services in a typical hospital environment revealed high contamination with microorganisms, i.e., 104to 107counts per gram. The predominant microorganisms were as followed (in colony counts/gram): (1) heat‐resistant bacterial spores in black pepper, 1 × 107; thyme, 2 × 106; anise, 7 × 104; curry powder, 4 × 105; poultry seasoning, 8 × 104; pickling spice, cardamom, and cumin, 1.5–3 × 104; (2) mixed populations of vegetative cells and bacterial spores in cumin, 1 × 106; (3) molds in cream of tartar, 2 × 104. Sterility of food may be important in a hospital setting, especially in the care of immunocompromised patients. To eliminate the organisms, we recommend radiation treatment, accompanied by appropriate microbiological quality control. On the basis of radiation survival data, the composite natural flora would be reduced to the level of “commercial sterility” (defined as less than 10 organisms per gram((Kiss 1982) by the following minimum radiation doses (in kGy): black pepper, 13; thyme, 13; cumin, 12; anise, 10; curry, 7.3; pickling spice, 7; poultry seasoning, 6; cardamom, 9.4; cream of tartar, 4. For practical purposes, two dose levels can be recommended for treatment of spices in the hospital environment, low = 6–10 kGy and

ISSN:0149-6085    

DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1986.tb00546.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY