ISSN:0003-4800    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-1809.1986.tb01934.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0003-4800    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-1809.1986.tb01935.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYS‐formylglutathione hydrolase from erythrocytes has been studied by an electrophoretic technique. Three phenotypes were observed in a number of racial groups. The electrophoretic polymorphism was shown to be the product of two alleles at a single locus termedFGH. The product of the type 2 allele was found to be relatively unstabl

ISSN:0003-4800    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-1809.1986.tb01936.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA cDNA clone complementary to the mRNA encoding the human muscle specific carbonic anhydrase CA III has been used as probe in the analysis of DNA from panels of rodent/human somatic cell hybrids. The presence of the CA III gene in all hybrids correlates with the presence of chromosome 8. This is the first assignment of the CA III gene in any species and, together with published mapping data, indicates that all of the human CA loci are situated on chromosome 8.

ISSN:0003-4800    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-1809.1986.tb01937.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYBirth weight data on 72078 liveborn singletons representing 5981 paternal and 7036 maternal single first cousin kinships were assembled by computerized record linkage from all marriages and livebirths registered in Hawaii during a 38‐year period from 1942 to 1979. These kinships represented incrosses of five selected racial groups. An additional 15536 livebirths from 1134 paternal and 1679 maternal cousin kinships provided data on outcrossing between racial groups, and 28952 livebirths from 2379 paternal and 3538 maternal cousin kinships provided data on both incrossing and outcrossing within kinships. Phenotypic resemblance in birth weight between single first cousins was estimated by the covariance and intraclass correlation. The covariances between maternal cousins were generally much higher than those between paternal cousins. Neither heterogeneity in maternal genotypes nor heterogeneity in newborn genotypes had any significant effect on the resemblance between first cousins. These observations have led to the conclusion that maternal influences of non‐hereditary origin are of primary importance in determining birth weight in man. The observed non‐zero correlation in several groups of paternal cousins was explained in part by the process of preferential selection of mates within and among racial groups by brothers, and probably by the similarity in some maternal characteristics associated with age at childbearing among their

ISSN:0003-4800    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-1809.1986.tb01938.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYIn the present paper the secular trend of twin concordance for late fetal death rate has been analysed. The results show that, while the correlation remains unchanged in MZ twins, it is greatly reduced in DZ twins. This renders untenable the assumption of comparable secular trends in the intrauterine environment of the two types of twins. An appropriate model is given for the estimation of the environmental (intrauterine) factors in late fetal death concordance, under the assumption of a wide range of frequencies for unconditional lethals.

ISSN:0003-4800    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-1809.1986.tb01939.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYTo determine whether increased fitness in natural populations is associated with heterozygosity, several studies have attempted to correlate heterozygosity at one or a few genetic loci with fitness‐related quantitative traits. The results have been equivocal at best. Furthermore, data on fertility‐related parameters and the extent of genetic polymorphism at a large number of loci in man are quite scanty. This report examines the association of four fertility‐related parameters (number of pregnancies, number of livebirths, number of children surviving at least one year and number of children alive at the time of the survey) with heterozygosity at 17 polymorphic immunological and biochemical systems in the Aymara of Chile and Bolivia. Women 45 years of age and above, on whom complete fertility histories and phenotype data are available, were included in the study (n=190). None of the fertility parameters seem to be correlated with heterozygosity, as measured by the proportion of polymorphic loci. For some individual loci, however, an association between heterozygous state and fertility parameters exists. Even in these cases, heterozygosity did not always confer higher fertility. To see whether these negative results are due to heterogeneity in the data, the total sample was divided according to altitude of residence and ethnicity. The conclusions remained the same, indicating that the lack of association of these fertility parameters with genetic polymorphism is not due to population heterogeneity alone. Reproductive fitness differentials, therefore, were not detectable in the Aymara by heterozygosity determined by the polymorphic genetic systems scored by serological and electrophoretic techn

ISSN:0003-4800    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-1809.1986.tb01940.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe polygenic threshold model assumes that the distribution of the underlying liability is approximately normal. This paper examines the impact of deviations from normality in the underlying liability distribution when the number of loci affecting liability is finite, but large (e.g. 5–10). Skewness and kurtosis of the liability distribution are produced by varying the frequency of pathogenic alleles while population risk of illness is held constant by parallel changes in the threshold of manifestation. For a given population risk of illness, the recurrence risk in relatives varies widely as a function of the shape of the liability distribution. These results raise questions about the accuracy of the polygenic threshold approximation for the calculation of recurrence risks for human ‘polygenic’ diso

ISSN:0003-4800    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-1809.1986.tb01941.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe reported associations between HLA antigen DR3 and null (QO) alleles at the C4A and C4B loci and systemic lupus erythematosus are here analysed. The empirical logistic method has been applied to a body of data which included the relevant genotypes. The analysis suggests that the association with null alleles at the C4 loci is primary and the DR3 association is likely to be secondary to this. This may give information as to the location of the HLA‐linked disease susceptibility gen

ISSN:0003-4800    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-1809.1986.tb01942.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0003-4800    

DOI:10.1111/j.1469-1809.1986.tb01943.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY