摘要:

Back in 1952, the renowned Polish electrochemist Wiktor Kemula introduced chromato-polarography,1i.e., polaro-graphic detection for liquid chromatography. This technique continued to develop slowly until the early 1970s (for a review see Reference 2) when modem high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) emerged. This new, highly efficient chromatographc method could only be. used with detectors ensuring low dispersion. It was not easy to modify the dropping mercury electrode cells to satisfy this requirement. However, at the same time, electroanalytical chemists, who already had much experience in using carbon-based electrodes for oxidative detection in flow analysis, put forward the idea of oxidative amperometric detection in liquid chromatography.3,4In this technique, solid or quasi-solid (paste) electrodes were used and this made possible the construction of miniaturized cells with just a few microliter volume.

ISSN:1040-8347    

DOI:10.1080/10408348908048814

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The pH is one of the most important parameters for char-acterizing the chemical properties of an aqueous solution. The glass eiectrode is by far the most commonly used pH sensor. The determination of pH in special situations, e.g., in vivo applications where the fragility of the glass electrode is a draw-back, requires pH sensors that can easily be miniaturized and built into physically rugged sleeves. Also, for other applications where the volume of solution is very restricted miniaturization of pH sensors is very important. The glass electrode does not respond properly to pH in some corrosive environments (e.g., in hydrogen fluoride [HF] solutions). At present, among alternatives to the hydrogen-selective glass electrode group of sensors, potentiometric metal-metal oxide pH sensors respond to pH, ideally due to an equilibrium involving the metal and its oxide. In the case of metal oxide electrodes, the metal is not involved in the potential-determining reaction. This distinction is of course not clear in many cases because the mechanism giving the pH response is not always unequivocal.

ISSN:1040-8347    

DOI:10.1080/10408348908048815

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The rapidly increasing power and availability of small computers have made sophisticated numerical analysis of data a routine feature of modem chemistry. Analytical computations that would have been too time consuming on a mainframe computer of 20 years ago have become commonplace on the laboratory microcomputers of today. On the other hand, some mainframe computer centers promise to offer “low-end supercomputing” by the early 1990s. This capability should further broaden the scope of feasible data analysis methods. Highly integrated measurementkomputation systems are evolving concurrently with the ongoing revolution in computing technology partly because many instrumental measurements require mathematical treatment of raw data to make it more intelligible to the chemist. Data analysis packages are integral components of many modem commercial instruments used in chemistry. Mathematical operations may include transforming raw data into a more desirable form, removing unwanted instrumental background features, or extracting values of one or more physical or chemical parameters from the data.

ISSN:1040-8347    

DOI:10.1080/10408348908048816

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This is a scanned image of the original Editorial Board page(s) for this issue.

ISSN:1040-8347    

DOI:10.1080/10408348908048813

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1989

数据来源: Taylor