ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770070102

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBecause of differences in education and role preparation, nurse practitioners (NPs) and physicians (MDs) may assume either complementary or substitutive roles in patient care. To describe role complementarity and similarity, the role perceptions of 15 NPs and 15MDs in joint practice were assessed. Ten NP and MD respondent pairs were selected from a variety of ambulatory primary care settings (urban, rural, public, private, and health maintenance organizations), and five NP‐MD pairs were chosen at random. A questionnaire of nine patient vignettes was created; respondents rated the appropriateness of their role in managing the clients described in each vignette using an 8‐point scale. Significant differences existed between NP and MD perceived roles for six vignettes,p<.05. NPs identified as highly role appropriate those vignettes necessitating psychosocial support and health education; MDs identified as highly role appropriate vignettes representing high risk physical conditions. The differences in NP and MD role perception were complement

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770070103

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHealth beliefs influencing compliance and psychosocial adjustment to illness were compared in two groups of hypertensive patients. Based upon clinical judgments of physicians, 15 controlled and 15 uncontrolled hypertensives made up the study group. Subjects came from a white middle to upper class suburban community and were demographically homogeneous. There was no significant difference between groups in health beliefs affecting compliance, but significant differences were found in several domains related to psychosocial adjustment to illness. Uncontrolled hypertensives showed less illness‐related adjustment. They reported significantly greater difficulties in their domestic environments, more disturbances in extended family relationships, and more psychological distress. Less adjustment to illness was significantly correlated with less compliance and with a more complex medication regimen. No relationships were found between compliance and demographic variables, medication variables, or duration of hypertension; nor between adjustment, demographic variables, or illness duration. Clinical assessment of illness‐related adjustment problems may help enhance compliance of hypertensive patie

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770070104

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe aims of this paper were to clarify the nature and purpose of qualitative research and to suggest specific guidelines for reporting the results of qualitative studies. Confusion about the purpose of qualitative research and the absence of a standardized format for reporting such research make it difficult to assess the validity of qualitative studies. Four general purposes of qualitative research were discussed: instrument development, illustration of results, description, and conceptualization. A framework for reporting qualitative research that provides a guide for assuring consistency across original study purpose, study design, and final report was presented and can be used for either evaluating or writing a report of qualitative research.

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770070105

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFaculty from four baccalaureate nursing programs participated in testing the accuracy and reliability of faculty evaluation of student performance as seen on a videotape. Three videotapes each portrayed a nursing student performing an ordinary nursing activity at five different levels of competency. The study design included three fixed factors (use of criteria, faculty experience, and type of student activity) and a trial factor with repeated measures (the five levels of performance). The experimental group (n= 27) used a 5‐point scale with criteria for rating the level of performance while the control group (n= 33) used the same scale without criteria. A computed score and an estimated score were collected from each subject for each level of performance. The experimental group that used the scale with criteria gave more accurate computed and estimated evaluation scores than the control group. Faculty experience was not a significant factor in accuracy, but type of student activity was significant with the highest scores given to affective behaviors and the lowest scores given to psychomotor behaviors. There were no significant interactions between the three fixed factor

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770070106

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA theoretical framework for organizing research on the health effects from aversive physical aspects of the environment is specified. The nurse's role in preparing individuals to control aversive environmental stimuli and the effects of this on reactivity and health are detailed. The framework is substantiated by using the impact of hospital noise upon recovery as an example. Supportive theoretical and research literature are presented for the relationships hypothesized in the framework.

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770070107

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLittle is known about how cancer patients manage the side effects of chemotherapy, so 48 cancer patients in chemotherapy were randomized into four groups to determine their self‐care behaviors. The first group received drug information only; the second group received information on side‐effect management techniques (SEMT); the third group received combined drug and SEMT information; the fourth group were controls. Pre‐ and postintervention scores on chemotherapy knowledge, self‐care behavior, and general affective state were evaluated by analysis of covariance. Patients who received drug information alone or in combination with other information had higher chemotherapy knowledge scores. Patients who received SEMT information alone or in combination with other information performed more self‐care behaviors. Although an additive effect of combined information was noted, i.e., patients who received both types of information showed improved chemotherapy knowledge and self‐care behaviors, the combined information did not produce a significantly improved affe

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770070108

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of educational modules to aid new graduate nurses in adapting to the work environment. An experimental group of new graduates (n= 63) and their controls (n= 58) from eight hospitals were given Corwin's Role Conception Scale, Seeman's Powerlessness Scale, Benner's Clinical Skills Inventory, and Munson's Job Satisfaction Index to measure adaptation at entry to work and 6 months later. The effects of the educational modules were determined by the adaptation measures, cognitive tests, and a Nursing Service Questionnaire. After 6 months in the work setting, the experimental group had less discrepancy between their desired and existing level of clinical skill (p<.05) and a greater orientation to bureaucratic expectations than controls (p<.01), as well as an increase in job satisfaction (p<.05) and a decrease in role deprivation (p<.05). In addition, the impact on turnover saved hospitals an average of £3, 178 for every 10 new graduates they hired

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770070109

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this research was to increase the relevance of a life‐event questionnaire for adult female respondents of childbearing age. A two‐step procedure with three subject groups was used to develop a modified life‐event questionnaire for this population. First, open‐ended interview questions were used with 32 single mothers to obtain relevant content. Ninety‐eight responses were coded for congruence with existing life‐event questionnaires. Nine new items were created from the noncongruent responses and the wording of existing items modified to reduce bias from sexist assumptions about marital status and other socio‐economic factors. Two samples, 60 female graduate students and 69 single and partnered mothers, were used to study reliability, the frequency of selecting new items, and the validity of the revised 82‐item instrument. As expected, the negative events score was related to negative mood states and psych

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770070110

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0160-6891    

DOI:10.1002/nur.4770070111

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY