ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00283.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper examines one study of nursing practice that utilized ethnography as a research approach. The general overview of the ethnographic method and the symbolic interaction framework used are described. An overview of the specific approach is included. The findings of the study are presented. The strengths and problems of the approach for nursing research are then reviewed. Some potential uses of an ethnographic approach for clinical nursing research are outlined.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00284.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Menzies argues that nursing hierarchies and ritual practices protect nurses from the anxieties provoked by encountering human suffering. This proposition is examined with particular reference to ritual practices in nursing. It is argued that Menzies studied nurses in isolation from the societal and subcultural norms and values which direct hospital activity. Her psychodynamic model is contrasted with a sociological model of human conduct and action. The characteristics of ritual and rational action, and the difference between non‐rational and irrational rituals, is explored. The findings of three 5‐month periods of participant observation are presented as illustrative case material to support the authors view, that ritual procedures are not only defence mechanisms against anxiety, but social acts which generate and convey meaning. Ritual practices described in this analysis include rituals surrounding birth, death, status and power. It is concluded that if nurses wish to change or alter ritual nursing practices in hospital it is necessary to understand their social as well as their psychological mean

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00285.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

It is suggested that theory can be generated in three principle ways, these being induction, deduction and speculation. The use of these methodological approaches in nursing research and theory construction is briefly examined. The usefulness of theories and models is not doubted, but the extent to which some ‘theorists’ claim scientific status for their speculations (e.g. Martha Rogers) is deprecated. Finally it is argued that a brief overview of the central problems of epistemology is of value to students of theory and resea

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00286.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To test the hypothesis that one of the reasons why nurses leave their job is that they find it difficult to meet the public expectations 246 student and qualified nurses answered a questionnaire to assess this form of role conflict. It emerged that role conflict was highest among second and third year students and that particular aspects of it were strongly related to an expressed intention to leave nursing. The implications of these findings are discussed.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00287.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Mouth care across age groups, whether independently carried out or with assistance from a nurse, is frequently not considered in relation to the health of the mouth before commencement. This need for assessment and a schema as a baseline should dictate the most appropriate tools and the method of intervention. With a nursing model by Roper based on a model of living, nursing interventions are indicated across three age groups.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00288.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the past nursing has used a medically oriented perspective; consciously or not, nursing practice, education and research have been guided by the same conceptual frame of reference as has medicine. For nursing to justify its claim to being an independent health profession offering a particular service to society, it must adopt its own conceptual base, one that indicates those phenomena that are of concern to nursing and those health problems that nursing must try to solve. Many nurses have already chosen to base their teaching, research and nursing care on one of the existing conceptual models for nursing. The challenge for the 21st century is that all nurses adopt an explicit conceptual base. Broader than a theory, a conceptual model specifies nursing's focus of inquiry and may thus lead to the development of theories which will prove useful not only to nurses but to other health professionals as well. Since nursing exists to provide a necessary service to mankind, its conceptual base must be evaluated by using specific social criteria.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00289.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This work is part of a larger study carried out at the Murray Royal and Murthly Hospitals within the Tayside Health District. The survey was concerned with staff attitudes towards geriatric psychiatry patients and shows that the nurses in these peripheral hospitals hold a positive attitude towards this area of nursing. These findings appear to contradict the popular opinion held throughout the nursing service, that the geriatric psychiatry nursing area is very unpopular with trained, untrained and learner nurses. In the study by Hooper [Nursing Times(1981) 77 37–40/43–44], anxiety levels among learners towards the geriatric nursing areas were found to be very high. This appears to correlate with Kogan [Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology(1961) 62, 616–622], which summarized is as follows: Young subjects were imputed to have a more consistently negative view of old people.' By using a series of two precoded questionnaires that the subjects completed, an overview of staff attitudes towards the geriatric psychiatry areas was obtained. The hypothesis on which the study was based was as follows: that a negative view towards geriatric psychiatry would be found among the staff of the Murray Royal and Murthly Hospitals.' However, the findings of this study did not support the hypothesis on any counts and gave a highly positive attitude

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00290.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Student and pupil nurses (64), from an initial sample of 117, completed repertory grids questionnaires and interviews on the first day of training, at 4 and 18 months. Measures of identification attraction and ideal/actual congruence were derived from the grids. Trainees were found to become more identified with and attracted to medical roles during training and less identified with and attracted to lower‐status non‐medical roles such as factory worker. Ideal/ actual congruence with medical roles other than trainee also increased. Some measures derived from the grids related to trainee ‘wastage’ and to satisfaction with the h

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00291.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In 1976 the editor of theJournal of Advanced Nursingcoined the ‘concept of nursing literacy’ in an editorial. In this keynote address at the College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA, he developed his ideas on his concept further. The concept entails intellectual, political, philosophical, analytical, practical, humanitarian, artistic and scientific ski

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1983.tb00292.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY