ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01489.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01490.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Many countries have separate organizations for delivering nursing care to patients in the hospital and to patients at home in the community This separation creates extra difficulties in organizing continuous care for patients discharged from hospital who need nursing aftercare (in The Netherlands, at a rough estimate, 10% of all hospital patients) Special arrangements have to be made to prevent these patients missing out completely By means of a questionnaire sent to all Dutch regional community nursing organizations, this study makes an inventory of the organizational measures that have been taken in this field in The Netherlands and analyses a model of the effects these measures (and also the effects on contextual factors) have on the number of problems reported by the community in respect of continuity of care In The Netherlands, the initiative in arranging continuity of care is taken by the regional community nursing organizations or by their operational teams In most cases, they have been able to make arrangements with the hospitals about the selection of aftercare patients and the transfer of information by transfer forms Sometimes special continuity nurses are appointed by the community, among other things to organize regular consultation with the hospitals An eight‐item Likert scale was developed to measure the extent of continuity problems Analysis of the effect of several factors in the model by a stepwise multiple regression analysis, revealed that the consistent use of transfer forms by hospitals was an important tool in reducing the problems Furthermore, regional community nursing organizations themselves had fewer problems compared with the operational teams to whom arranging continuity is sometimes delegated Increased personnel capacity within the community is also beneficial The effect of these last two factors (organizational level and personnel capacity) is, however, overruled, by the negative effect of the size of the regional community nursing organization the more inhabitants, the more problems there a

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01491.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In considenng health information systems, great hope is attached to the use of child health records as a data source for research and community planning In order to test the completeness of child health records data and their agreement with other sources, information about living conditions, use of medical services and health problems in preschool children were studied in 707 child health centres' records The results show a considerable number of deficiencies in the system which could, to a certain extent, be remedied by improved instructions to the staff Health problems in the area of child care also need to be fully defined

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01492.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The pattems of adolescents' behaviour place them at a risk from developing health and social pathology In order to assess whether primary care nursing meets adolescents' health needs, the reported performance of 306 registered nurses working in different primary health care settings was studied The research tool developed especially for the study was a video‐taped trigger film Demographic, education and work‐related variables were studied by means of a questionnaire The behaviour patterns studied were smoking, sexual activity, alcohol and drug consumption, and eating habits The clinical issues were hypertension, obesity and anorexia nervosa Reported performance was low – 35% of the total possible score – with the lowest scores in the areas of preventive care, data gathering and recording, and somewhat higher in the areas of curative care and follow‐up The video‐taped trigger films were considered to have face validity, they were found to be reliable, with an ability to assess the nurses' reported performance and to differentiate between the nurses in the three different work settings This is the first study of its kind in Israel The results show that primary health nursing of adolescents is insufficient, and that teenagers should get higher priority as a target population from the nursing profession in order to achieve WHO's aims of ‘health for all by

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01493.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The aim of the study was to refine and improve the inter‐observer reliability of an observation schedule, developed by Le May&Redfern, designed to record the amount and type of nurse‐patient interpersonal communication The new technique involved observation of non‐verbal interactions using a portable computer programed as an event recorder and a tape recorder to record conversation The observation schedule was employed m an acute/rehabilitation care of the elderly ward and inter‐observer reliability was tested on two occasions The second observer used a handwritten version of the schedule Reliability coefficients were acceptable (≥ 0.60 or ≥ 70% agreement) for all the schedule components although the recording of non‐verbal response was inadequate. Use of the portable computer produced no additional benefits over the handwritten schedule The observation confirmed previous research which found that relatively little expressive touch takes place between nurses and elderly patients A simplified version of the handwritten schedule together with tape‐recording of verbal communication is likely to incre

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01494.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This was a qualitative study, the design of which was based on ideas from the grounded theory approach to data collection and analysis The study examined the concept of human needs from the perspectives of individuals who have an ileostomy or a colostomy and attempted to ascertain their evaluation of the way in which their needs were fulfilled during the time they spent in hospital Respondents consisted of a convenience sample of six individuals who had recent expenence of surgery involving the formation of a stoma Data were collected through unstructured, non‐directive interviews Analysis of data involved identification of themes and categones that emerged from the transcripts of the interviews Findings indicated that while individuals' physical needs were met, their psychological and sociocultural needs were not identified This seems to imply that nurses may not be aware of the relevance of these needs to individuals who have an ileostomy or a colostomy Since respondents identified the existence of a good relationship with nurses as being conducive to the fulfilment of these needs, it could be inferred that nurses may lack the skills that are necessary to develop a good relationship with those who are m their ca

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01495.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study aims to identify factors important in expiaining the nature of community nursing care received by patients in their homes because little is known about the relation between individual characteristics of patients receiving nursing care and the nature of care delivered by community nurses During a period of 2 weeks a representative sample of 137 community nurses and 49 community nurses' auxiliaries at 47 different locations paid a total number of 12 847 home visits to provide care to 3315 patients For each home visit, patient's characteristics, the nature of care delivered by the nurse and the length of the home visit was recorded The results suggested that three groups of patients could be identified in terms of the nature of nursing care received at home First, patients who were older, who were also receiving informal care and did not suffer from psychosocial problems, were most likely to receive assistance in their activities of daily living Second, patients suffering from multiple disorders, whose situation was assessed as unstable, and those who did not suffer from psychosocial problems were most likely to receive technical nursing care These patients were visited most often Finally, male patients suffering from multiple disorders, whose situation was assessed as unstable, especially when new mental or social problems emerged, were most likely to receive psychosocial support and education from the community nurse These visits appeared to be the most time‐consumi

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01496.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The use of nursing literature is frequently advocated as a means of maintaining competence The purpose of this study was to compare the frequency of references to competencies in the literature with those retained for the role of first‐line nurse managers by an expert panel involved in the Delphi technique In this way, the use of literature in maintaining managerial competence for first‐line nurse managers was evaluated When the 20 most frequently mentioned competencies in the literature were compared with the highest mean scores and those ranked as most important by the expert panel only two competencies appeared on all three lists Fifteen competencies were frequently mentioned in the literature but were not identified by the expert panel as important to the role of first‐line nurse managers A further three competencies identified in the literature were excluded by the expert panel, indicating they were not perceived to be a function of first‐line nurse

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01497.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper briefly addresses the views of social reality which underpin our interpretation of data, and argues that a social actor's statement is one account in a potentially infinite series, in which the actor presents him or herself as morally competent This argument is illustrated by data from a study of subfertile couples, and other data from studies of parenting handicapped children There is, however, a disjunction between these calm measured self‐presentations, and the professional literature which describes a host of negative emotions This raises questions about how needs, particularly emotional needs, are defined in health ca

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01498.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY