ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00485.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper reports on a study concerning the opinions of sisters and nurse teachers regarding the relevance of learning objectives for a specific teaching and learning course for hospital and community sisters. The respondents were 29 sisters who had attended the course, 32 sisters who had not attended the course but who were potential future ‘consumers’ and 25 nurse teachers. The results showed that a majority of the respondents rated 29 of the objectives as essential and these were suggested as the nucleus of the core curriculum for future courses. Responses to nine of the objectives showed statistically significant differences between the gro

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00486.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The authors describe a crisis point which led them from considering a reorientation of the present BSc (Nursing) curriculum at the University of Cape Town, South Africa to undertaking a radical revision of the degree programme. While examining final year students they realized that the nurses’ excellent personal qualities apparent in everyday relationships, were not being used in their professional practice on hospital wards. It is suggested that this is due partly to an educational programme which neglected what the students already had (common sense and logic) and what they already knew from life experience and from instinct and intuition. It is also supposed that when hospital wards are their first clinical learning areas, nurses divorce patients and disease from the ‘real’ world, from the essentials of daily living and from the components of an individualized lifestyle. A staged process of learning experience, to include looking after healthy, elderly and disabled individuals in homes and institutions — with minimal nurse supervision — before exposure to hospital life, is advocated. In its present form the nursing process is seen as limiting the creativity of nursing practice and the authors suggest that further development of this approach is necessary if nursing science is to be interpreted as an art. Finally, the authors outline an experimental curriculum which takes cognisance of their experiences and syllogistic reasoning, together with a brief description of the first few months of its implementation at the University of

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00487.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study compared the importance of five categories of clinical teacher behaviours as perceived by university nursing faculty, students and practising baccalaureate graduates. A survey tool, developed for this study, contained 47 items; each item describing a clinical teacher behaviour. Participants were asked to rate the importance of each item on a seven‐point Likert‐type scale. Results showed similar perceptions of the importance of clinical teacher behaviours between the three groups of participants. However, significant differences were found between all groups when the perceptions of students in each of the 4 years of the nursing programme, faculty and graduates were compared. These results indicate a greater variability among students than between students, faculty and practising baccalaureate graduates. The importance of this study lies not only in the perceptions of the three groups and the questions this raises, but also in the conflicting findings between this and other stud

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00488.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

With the increasing complexity and changing conditions of nursing practice, as well as the encroachment of other professions on nursing's traditional domain, it is becoming increasingly important for nurses to gain insights into the nature of nursing knowledge and practice. This paper attempts to outline the meaning of the expression ‘to think nursing’ and the factors involved in such a capacity. The work of nurse scholars is then discussed in terms of their contribution towards developing the discipline of nursing to the stage where nurses do ‘think nur

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00489.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

One of the biggest problems currently facing the nursing profession is that of implementing the nursing process. Innovations in health care often elicit obstructions, and objective data which might help us to understand and overcome these implementation problems are lacking. The present study considered these problems by contrasting two groups of psychiatric nurses both of whom had received an in‐service course in behaviour therapy. One group went on to implement this training by conducting behavioural nursing care plans with their patients, whereas the second group did not do so. A retrospective analysis of 25 variables associated with these groups of nurses indicated that neither subject variables, test scores nor learning during the course were good predictors of the nurses' implementations of the nursing process. An alternative basis for predicting and facilitating implementation is discussed. This focuses on institutional variables which may exert more control over the use of the nursing process than the personal characteristics of individual nurses. The implications of this analysis are important for the selection, training and motivation of nurse

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00490.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Women's health has been a research concern since the growth of modem feminism, but few studies have examined the attitudes and opinions of nurses towards working with women patients. This exploratory study, using informal interviews with 30 gynaecology nurses, is a first attempt to fill this gap. The interviewees’ attitudes and opinions revealed ambiguities and contradictions which led them both to identify with and distance themselves from their women patients and the doctors. It is suggested that gynaecological nurses occupy shifting positions in the status hierarchies of gender, nursing and medicine, and professional specialization. The way they define their role results from attempts to improve their statusvis‐à‐visothers in these hierarchies, and to make compromises in order to evaluate their own status positively. Strategies are suggested for increasing their knowledge and skills based on the hypothesis that this would lead to greater clarity of role and job satisfaction, and a higher quality of patien

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00491.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Despite the widespread use of ice packs in conjunction with ace bandages, padded ace bandages and compression dressings in the management of acute soft tissue trauma and sprains, the role of these barriers in the conduction of cold has not been adequately evaluated. Thermal probes were secured to both ankles of 62 healthy volunteers. The selected barrier was applied bilaterally and 500 g of chipped ice in a plastic bag was placed over the barrier on the right ankle for 30–45 minutes. A significant reduction in temperature of the right ankle was noted in all groups except in the padded ace group. The most rapid decrease in temperature was noted during the first 2 minutes of treatment. During the first minute, the surface temperature decreased an average of 22°C (ace), 3·8°C (dry washcloth), 5·2°C (no barrier) and 5·4°C (damp washcloth). After 10 minutes, the mean rate of cooling was 0·1–0·2°C and was approximately the same in all four groups. The Scheffe procedure indicated three homogeneous subgroups at 30 minutes: no barrier, damp washcloth; ace, dry washcloth; and padded ace. These findings question the clinical usefulness of the application of cold over padded aces and compression dressings and the use of a damp washcloth to ‘protect’ the sk

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00492.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

It is often assumed that nursing care is given in response to the patient's degree of incapacity. This study indicates that rather than nursing care arising as a response to patients' dependency, nursing care is producing dependency. A considerable proportion of the measured dependency of 168 elderly patients arose from the type of nursing care they received — it was iatrogenic. Task allocation nursing was found to be positively unhealthy for elderly long‐stay patients, whilst individualized care (nursing process) was associated with lower patient dependency, a shorter hospital stay and a better chance of surviving the hospital stay. The findings demonstrate the inadequacy of nurse staffing formulas which are based on patient dependency. It is suggested that despite the rising numbers of very old people in the population, the elimination of nurse‐induced dependency could reduce the level of dependency in geriatric

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00493.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

While recognizing that many factors may contribute to the causation of ischaemic heart disease, this project attempts an in‐depth examination of just one of them — obesity. The author has endeavoured to discover if there are sex differences in the incidence of obesity and whether or not obesity is related to age. Whilst recognizing the limitations of the small sample used in this project some tentative conclusions/speculations will be outlined. Some attempt has been made to discover if the average person is aware of what is meant by the term ‘obesity’ and if they sec themselves as having this problem. Because of an intuition that people may become obese due to bad eating habits and ignorance about the nutritional value of certain foodstuffs, subjects were asked to list the calorific value of certain foods and their responses are discussed. A further attempt was made to ascertain whether the respondents had ever gone on a diet and if so, the type of diet and the success or otherwise of this measure. The subjects were further questioned to discover their level of knowledge regarding the possibility of certain disorders arising as a consequence of obesity and asked to outline what action they would take if they were faced with these consequences. Some conclusions have been drawn regarding the actions which would be taken when faced with crippling consequences. Finally, an attempt has been made to discover if some psychosocial states contributed to the causation of obesity or whether obesity leads to some psychosocial problems. As a result of these findings and a review of current literature on the subject, certain recommendations have be

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1985.tb00494.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY