ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1980.tb00205.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to describe theory and its relationship to nursing knowledge and practice, and (2) to compare the theoretical proposals of Imogene King (1975), Dorothea Orem (1971), Martha Rogers (1970) and Sister Calista Roy (1970).

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1980.tb00206.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Manipulation is an integral factor in interaction. It can take either a positive or negative, constructive or destructive form. It can be either a conscious factor in the relationship or the external outcome of an unconscious need on the part of either person in the relationship. This compulsion to care can become very destructive and non‐fulfilling for those involved. This compulsive need to care leads to stereotyped care, which, therefore, makes no allowance for the fact that, despite similarities, all men are different and individual, to be treated and cared for as such. Compulsive caring is no longer considering care as a partnership, a learning creative encounter, but a grasping, selfish act of a domineering, over‐anxious person. The characteristics of ‘the helping personality’ are identified and their relevance to the discussion. It is argued that both carer and patient can manipulate or be manipulated, depending upon the extent of conformity to ‘strong’ and ‘weak’ positions within the patient‐carer relationship, and personality characteristics of those involved. The importance of being aware of manipulative behaviour, its positive potential, and negative consequences is stressed: gaining awareness by considering the caring relationship in whic

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1980.tb00207.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The main purpose for this research was to specify empirically the sources and frequency of stress experienced by headnurses working in different types of specialities in hospitals. Headnurses (n—153) from nine specialities: paediatrics, obstetrics, medicine, surgery, rural, auxiliary, psychiatry, rehabilitation and intensive care participated. Data were collected by a 21 item questionnaire. Findings suggested five types of stress for headnurses relating to their administrative role, type of patients, task ambiguity, staffing problems and physician contact. Headnurses from different specialities perceived these types of stress to occur with differing frequenc

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1980.tb00208.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Psychatric patients at two general hospitals were asked whether they felt that nurses on their ward should wear uniforms or mufti. In one of the hospitals the procedure was repeated immediately after the nurses changed from uniforms to mufti and again at 5 and 7 month intervals. The results showed a general preference among patients for nurses to wear uniforms and there was no clear trend over time for increased acceptance of mufti on the wards which changed. There was a clear tendency for older patients to prefer uniforms, and it was only in the patients aged 29 or less that a preference for mufti could be discerned.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1980.tb00209.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper presents an overview of the evaluation study conducted between November 1977 and December 1978. The study involved twenty nurses who had completed the Behaviour Therapy Course of the Scottish Committee for Clinical Nursing Studies.It provides an overview of the former students’ engagement in behaviour therapy on completion of the course. The study was conducted approximately 6 months after each student had returned to their parent hospital, unit or to new posts. The information was collected by circulation of a questionnaire. The report summarizes the returns presented by the individual nurses. Additional information or comments were supplied by several of the former students: unsolicited communications of this nature are acknowledged where they appear in the text, by the indication of an asterisk (*

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1980.tb00210.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this paper an account of an opinion survey is reported, which was carried out in order to determine how student teachers of nursing rated aspects of their course. The opinion survey included questions on pedagogical and education studies, teaching practice, research methods, statistics, related science and supporting studies. In the last section the method of course assessment is evaluated. Finally there is a discussion about the implications and limitations of the survey.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1980.tb00211.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Several studies have suggested that the problem of inequality in educational opportunity for minority students, manifested by under‐representation, prevails in American higher education. Under‐representation of minority groups in schools of nursing is not an unusual problem. The dearth of information on representation of ethnic minorities in baccalaureate programmes in Canada provided the impetus for the investigators to conduct this study to: (I) explore the racial and ethnic composition of the student population in selected Canadian University Schools of Nursing; (2) determine the total number of withdrawals and graduations; and (3) establish baseline data for a follow‐up study. This study was exploratory in nature.A questionnaire was designed to elicit information on enrolment, admission, withdrawal and graduation of six ethnic minority groups in the 5 year period, 1974–1978. Out of 18 schools surveyed, nine schools responded with the requested statistical information.Findings of this study supported findings of other research studies conducted in the United States in that the ethnic minorities were under‐represented, and their academic survival rates were low. Statistics presented in this study should not be interpreted as conclusive. Many questions crucial to exploring and understanding the pattern of representation of racial and ethnic minority nursing students are still unanswered. A better designed, long‐term stud

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1980.tb00212.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Although most were unknown a few years ago, present evidence indicates that at least 25 trace elements have some pertinence to health. Unlike vitamins, they cannot be synthesized. Some trace elements are now considered important only because of their harmful effects but traces of them may be essential. Zinc is especially important during puberty, pregnancy and menopause and is related to protein metabolism. Both fluoride and cadmium accumulate in the body year after year. Cadmium is positively correlated with several chronic diseases, especially hypertension. It is obtained from smoking and drinking soft water. Silicon, generally associated with silicosis, may be necessary for healthy bone and connective tissue. Chromium, believed to be the glucose tolerance factor, is obtained from brewer's yeast, spices, and whole wheat products. Copper deficiency may be implicated in a wide range of cardiovascular and blood related disorders. Either marginal deficiencies or slight excesses of most trace elements are harmful. Nurses should instruct patients to avoid highly refined foods, fad diets, or synthetic and fabricated foods. A well balanced and varied diet is the best safeguard against trace element excesses or deficiencies.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1980.tb00213.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Professionalism is a common topic of debate among members of the nursing profession.We invited a number of nurses from various parts of the world to share their views. Their comments provide an interesting international perspective on professionalism and nursing.

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1980.tb00214.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY