ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03127.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03128.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

From modest developments of‘popular’nursing journals many years ago, there has been a prolific growth in the numbers of nursing journals published each year This growth is particularly noteworthy in the increase in the numbers of specialist interest and scholarly nursing journals The different types of journals have also tended to influence each other's contents, as well as the contents of nursing textbooks Over the years, nurses themselves have emerged as the main contributors to the journals Increasingly the focus of all the journals has been on nursing practice — and the factors associated with professional practice and the professional education and development of nurses Whilst it is conceded that it is difficult to demonstrate that nursing journals have made a direct impact on care, some indirect impact can be claimed This claim is based, among other things, on the contribution of nursing journals to the development of nursing as a profession, their contribution to the individual development of professional nurses, and their contribution to the documentation of the body of nursing kno

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03129.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper provides a reflection on the written works of Miss Virginia Avenel Henderson Miss Henderson is a nurse, a scientist, an artist and a quintessential human being — all traits which informed her written output Nursing practice, research and education were all subjects of her extensive chronicle The four‐volumeNursing Studies Indexis her contribution to nursing research TheIndexwas sandwiched between two revisions ofPrinciples and Practice of Nursing(5th and 6th eds), the placement of which caused theIndexto focus on practice and thePrinciples(6th ed) to be based on research The sixth edition ofPrinciples, written with Gladys Nite and 17 contributors, is considered the most important single professional document written in the twentieth century The book synthesizes nursing practice, education, theory and research in an age when many nurses are challenged by the seeming incongruity in these essential professional funct

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03130.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Although codes of practice for those concerned with the health care of others have always been inherent in the structure of societies, they have been institutionalized within the nursing discipline since the end of the last century Up until the early 1970s they promulgated subservience to the medical discipline As a result of the processes of emancipation and professionalization, the philosophy of the nurse has come to contain concepts of autonomy, accountability and patient‐advocacy, based on a personal and individualized care system Research in recent years has shown that nurses are making morally sound and ethically acceptable choices based on their own decision‐making abilities, whilst having little or no active knowledge of the existing professional codes Based on the literature, the author discusses ethical codes in relation to their perception by nurses in the clinical situation The influence of the code in the areas of moral decision making, administration and management, and education are likewise discussed and the conclusion is reached that codes remain the cornerstone of nursing prac

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03131.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Much research has supported the conclusion of the report from The Royal College of Surgeons and College of Anaesthetists (1990), London, England, that the relief of postoperative pain is in many cases unsatisfactory and calls for more research on the effectiveness of educational programmes A prime aim of nursing research is to influence and to improve practice In relation to postoperative pain Sofaer's (1985) study was an example of the use of a quasi‐experimental approach to improve postoperative pain relief through nurse education Sofaer suggests that although positive effects were demonstrated they may not have been sustained in the long term Further, Sofaer suggests that action research may have produced a more sustainable change This paper critically discusses the use of these two research methods in relation to this probl

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03132.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The problems associated with ulcerative colitis and its treatment have effects on adolescents and young adults dissimilar from as well as more profound than those on older individuals Adolescents are confronted with problems such as biological, psychological and social changes as well as role changes related to peers and family This inductive study aimed to describe the adolescents' experiences of living with ulcerative colitis A total of 28 subjects were asked about their experiences both at the present time and at the time their first symptoms appeared Verbatim transcribed thematized interviews were analysed according to a method influenced by the constant comparative method for grounded theory Eight categories were grounded in the data, forming a model which describes the process from onset of disease to present time The main variable identified was reduced living space, a strategy to manage the new situation Dependent on the reactions received from significant others, the outcome for the adolescents hovered between feelings of self‐confidence and lack of self‐confidence If the adolescents experienced support, the living space was expanded again The results might be of great value when caring for and assisting young persons with a chronic disease in general, and in particular when taking care of adolescents with a recently diagnosed inflammatory bowel dis

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03133.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to establish if nurses’actions when carrying out‘aseptic technique’using the‘gloves technique’are simple and based on up‐to‐date knowledge and do not incur unnecessary wastage A sample of convenience was used involving 21 trained nurses Observation and formal interviews were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data Results showed that not all nurses in the sample applied a ‘simple aseptic technique’The rationale for the practice of aseptic technique was not always research based, though other aspects of wound management were derived from research findings The study highlighted other areas of aseptic technique which requ

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03134.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A quasi‐experimental, repeated‐measures cross‐over design study on the effect of body position on oxygenation (SaO2) blood pressure, respiration and pulse in patients with unilateral lung pathology was conducted Previous research strongly suggests that positioning with the healthy (unaffected) lung in the dependent lateral (down) position is related to improved oxygenation, but knowledge about whether this effect is maintained over time is lacking The purpose of this investigation was to determine (1) Is positioning with the unaffected lung in the dependent lateral position related to increased arterial blood saturation levels and decreased blood pressure, pulse and respiration? (2) What is the relationship between the dependent variables — oxygenation saturation levels, blood pressure, pulse and respiration — and the independent variables — body position and time in the position? Thirty‐nine patients with unilateral lung pathology were positioned on their sides with the unaffected lung down, on their sides with the affected lung down, and also in semi‐Fowler's position Arterial (SaO2) blood saturation and vital signs were measured at baseline 0, 15 and 30 minutes There was no statistically significant relationship between oxygenation level or systolic blood pressure Diastolic blood pressure, respiration and pulse did vary significant

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03135.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study aimed to assess the impact which the use of a toothbrush and the use of foam swabs had on the removal of dental plaque over a 6‐day period Three experiments were completed and duplicated using the author's mouth and one of these experiments was completed a third time on a volunteer's mouth A plaque scoring system which quantified the amount of plaque on teeth in areas adjacent to periodontal tissue, and therefore capable of initiating inflammation, was used after plaque had been disclosed Plaque at the gum/tooth margin (gingival crevice plaque) and plaque between teeth (approximal plaque) was measured At the end of each 6‐day period, which commenced with all tooth surfaces clean, the ability of the toothbrush to remove plaque was consistently better than that of swabs, and usually achieved complete visible plaque removal from all sites In contrast, plaque remained in all sites which had been cleaned using foam swabs (after using a ‘swabbing’or ‘scrubbing’technique) However, it was possible to remove plaque from a number of gingival crevice sites with a swab when a varied‘any technique’was used on the visible disclosed plaque The plaque in all approximal sites still remained after this technique An experiment to measure the effect of using foam swabs on plaque which had been allowed to accumulate over a 6 day period produced similar results The results from this study suggest that the success of a toothbrush in removing plaque is affected by user technique (total visible plaque removal was not achievable), and that foam swabs are not able to remove plaque from some ‘sheltered’areas of teeth (total visible plaque removal was not achievable) The implications of these findings to nursing pr

ISSN:0309-2402    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1996.tb03136.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY