摘要:

Abstract—The progressive status of some selected small dental cutting instruments was examined from the time of their unpackaging through routine institutionalized cleaning and sterilizing procedures both before and after first and subsequent use. The cleaning protocol in place at the time involved a phosphoric acid based detergent and ultrasonic cleaning. All assessments were made by scanning electron microscopy.It was found that new burs as unpackaged are unacceptable for use without first being subjected to a cleaning process and that the cleaning procedure utilized was ineffective and unsuitable. Also observed was the potential for gross contamination; the need for subsequent ultrasonic cleaning; and the different rate and nature of deterioration, with use, of the three bur types studied.This study has led to the introduction of modified procedures for the physical cleaning of small cutting instruments in our institution and confirms the usefulness of the scanning electron microscope in the ongoing practice of quality assuranc

ISSN:0045-0421    

DOI:10.1111/j.1834-7819.1990.tb03019.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—A patient with chronic renal failure was investigated after complaining of oral discomfort which was found to be due to macroglossia and generalized involvement of the oral soft tissues by amyloidosis. A search for multiple myeloma proved to be positive. She also had a previous history of Carpal‐tunnel syndrome. Despite an initial good response to treatment with phenylalanine nitrogen mustard (melphalan hydrochloride), she finally succumbed to end‐stage renal fa

ISSN:0045-0421    

DOI:10.1111/j.1834-7819.1990.tb03020.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—Comprehensive dental examinations and panoramic radiographs were used to determine the prevalence of hypodontia in 662 Australian Defence Force recruits. Of the sampled population, 6.3 per cent exhibited some degree of hypodontia (third molar agenesis excluded). Previous studies produced similar results. Third molar agenesis occurred in 22.7 per cent of the sample which again is in agreement with other studies. There was no statistical difference between the sexes in third molar agenesis; however, there was a significant difference with upper second premolars. Females exhibited an extremely low incidence of absence of maxillary lateral incisor

ISSN:0045-0421    

DOI:10.1111/j.1834-7819.1990.tb03021.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—The volume of impressions, before and after disinfection in a gluteraldehyde solution for longer than ten hours (that is, sterilization), was measured indirectly from dies produced from the impressions. Three elastomeric impression materials were used in both acrylic resin and poly‐vinyl‐chloride ‘trays’ to form the impressions. One impression material appeared to be practically superior to the others with respect to variability of volume. The effect of tray material on change in volume (calculated as after disinfection minus before disinfection) was significant for one impression material; acrylic trays produced the greatest effect. The change in volume was significant for two impression materials; acrylic trays were associated with greater increase in volume. It was concluded that if impressions are to be sterilized, a tray material having minimal potential to absorb disinfectant shoul

ISSN:0045-0421    

DOI:10.1111/j.1834-7819.1990.tb03022.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—This study investigated anterior dental trauma presenting after‐hours in Newcastle and western Sydney. During the four‐year period 1983–1986, all patients presenting with anterior dental injuries to the Royal Newcastle Hospital (n = 382) or Westmead Hospital (n = 362) on week nights, weekends or public holidays were studied. In both areas, upper central incisors were the teeth injured most frequently. The mean numbers of teeth injured per patient were 1.9 at Newcastle and 2.0 at Westmead. The frequencies of injury types found in Newcastle and Westmead were similar. Luxations and avulsions accounted for 39.5 per cent of injuries at Newcastle and 39.6 per cent at Westmead. In Newcastle, the rate of occurrence of trauma was highest and relatively uniform in the 6–11, 12–17 and 18–23 year age groups. At Westmead, it was highest in the 6–11 year age group, followed closely by the 12–17 year age group. In both centres, the four main causes of trauma were falls, assaults and fights, sports and bicycle accidents. These accounted for 69 per cent of all injuries in Newcastle and for 69.4 per cent at Westmead. This study found a great similarity between Newcastle and western Sydney in relation to the predominant age and sex groups affected, causes of trauma, injury types and numbers and locations of injured teeth per patient. It is suggested that anterior dental trauma presenting after‐hours may be more severe, involve more teeth per patient and affect predominantly older age groups than is the situation

ISSN:0045-0421    

DOI:10.1111/j.1834-7819.1990.tb03023.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—Materials applied to teeth release chemicals which may diffuse through dentine to either harm or help the dental pulp. Chemical threats are minimized by material choice or by using relatively impermeable lining or base materials which are themselves of low chemical toxicity. The most probable long‐term threat to the pulp in the restored tooth is bacterial, through leakage around restorations. This may be prevented by the use of treatment sequences designed to develop an effective seal. Pulpal inflammation is treated primarily by removal of the irritant cause; inflammation may also be suppressed in the very short term by corticosteroids, and its resolution aided in the longer term by zinc oxide‐eugenol prepara

ISSN:0045-0421    

DOI:10.1111/j.1834-7819.1990.tb03024.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—The restorative dentist is often faced with difficulties in overcoming functional, cosmetic, and cleansibility requirements when replacing teeth in areas of localized alveolar ridge resorption. A case report is presented highlighting a surgical technique to correct such an alveolar ridge defici

ISSN:0045-0421    

DOI:10.1111/j.1834-7819.1990.tb03025.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—Strong peri‐oral stimulation is known to elicit a transient inhibition in the activity of the jaw‐closing muscles. Several reports have claimed that this ‘silent period’ (SP) is prolonged in patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndromes. In the present preliminary study, the biphasic SP evoked by electrical lip stimulation was tested in single motor units in the masseter muscles of dysfunction patients. In comparison with normal subjects, the pattern of the SP was different in the patients in that the shorter‐latency phase predominated over the later phase, whereas the converse is true

ISSN:0045-0421    

DOI:10.1111/j.1834-7819.1990.tb03026.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—One hundred and two Class IV cavities were restored randomly with four composite resins. The restorations were assessed at six months, one year, two years and three years for surface chipping, bulk fracture and incisal wear. The data were correlated with various mechanical properties of the materials. A significant correlation was found between surface chipping/bulk fracture and fracture toughness (P = 0.002), elastic modulus (P = 0.006) and tensile strength (P = 0.045). There was a trend towards an association between incisal wear and both elastic modulus and inherent flaw size. Fracture toughness may be a useful indicator of the clinical performance of composites in Class IV cavitie

ISSN:0045-0421    

DOI:10.1111/j.1834-7819.1990.tb03027.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract—Antibiotics can be used as an adjunct to endodontic treatment in a number of ways — locally, systemically and prophylactically. The local or intra‐canal use of antibiotics in the form of medicaments is common. However, the commercially available agents for this purpose may not be the ideal mixtures. Systemic antibiotics should be restricted to patients who have local signs of infection, malaise and elevated body temperature. Prophylactic use of antibiotics has been recommended for patients ‘at risk’ of infective endocarditis, in some pre‐surgical situations and following avulsion and replantation of teeth. The tendency towards indiscriminate antibiotic use should be discouraged. The use of broad spectrum drugs should be restricted so that these medications remain effective in serious

ISSN:0045-0421    

DOI:10.1111/j.1834-7819.1990.tb03028.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY