摘要:

Specialist pharmacy services could benefit the public, the funding agencies and the profession

ISSN:0961-7671    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-7174.1993.tb00707.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A high proportion are made on the premises

ISSN:0961-7671    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-7174.1993.tb00708.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Wound care is coming of age and the pharmacist has an important role to play in the next stage of its development

ISSN:0961-7671    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-7174.1993.tb00709.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To determine if advocacy of influenza immunisation by community pharmacists would affect vaccine acceptance among patients at risk of influenza, a randomised, placebo‐controlled trial was conducted in three pharmacies. Patients receiving certain medications for heart or lung disease or diabetes, or receiving non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs and who were at least 65 years old, were randomly assigned to receive either messages explaining the risk of influenza and availability of vaccine or recommending household poison prevention measures. All patients were surveyed by mail regarding behaviour and opinions related to influenza and influenza vaccine.Of 125 previously unvaccinated recipients of vaccine‐advocacy letters, 39 were vaccinated (31.2 per cent), compared with 24 of 134 control subjects (17.9 per cent), a difference of 13.3 per cent (P=0.013). Unvaccinated patients were 1.74 times more likely to be vaccinated after receiving vaccine recommendations and information than were control patients. In this setting, community pharmacists increased vaccine acceptance by advising patients of their personal risk and describing where to be vac

ISSN:0961-7671    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-7174.1993.tb00710.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The generic substitution rate by hospital pharmacists in three university affiliated outpatient hospitals in Bangkok, Thailand, was examined and the cost savings from substitution were determined using a retrospective audit of prescription forms.A total of 3,750 prescriptions was audited (1,250 from each hospital). Of the prescriptions studied, 51.2 per cent were written for generic products, 14.5 per cent were written for brand name products obtainable from a single source and 34.2 per cent were written for brand name products obtainable from multiple sources. For multiple source brand name prescriptions, pharmacists substituted generic products 15 per cent of the time. The mean price for the multiple source brand name product was US$5.2 and the mean price of the generic substitute was $2.5, an average saving of $2.7.The substitution rate for regular (paying) patients was 9 per cent, while the substitution rate for government assistance (poor) patients was 40 per cent. Substitution rates for the three individual hospitals were 16 per cent, 21 per cent and 9 per cent.The authors conclude that when substitution occurs savings are substantial, but that there is potential for additional substitutions to be made.

ISSN:0961-7671    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-7174.1993.tb00711.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Heparin is commonly administered for prophylaxis of thromboembolism in a dose of 5,000iu in 0.2ml subcutaneously twice or three times daily. The presentation may be as a prefilled syringe or as an ampoule. The effect of the presentation on nursing time and the true costs involved has been studied in two London hospitals. Thirty‐eight administrations from prefilled syringes and 27 from ampoules were recorded. The mean times to prepare and administer the dose and dispose of the equipment were 67.6 seconds for a prefilled syringe and 128.5 seconds for an ampoule; the mean time saving per dose (95 per cent confidence intervals) was 60.9 (40.8, 80.9) seconds. The total cost per dose using a prefilled syringe was 104p; using an ampoule it was 113p. A generic cost model was created. The use of prefilled syringes saved approximately one minute of time and 9p (8 per cent) in cost per administratio

ISSN:0961-7671    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-7174.1993.tb00712.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effects of sodium deoxycholate, tobramycin and amiloride on the inhibitory effect (minimum inhibitory concentration) of ciprofloxacin againstPseudomonas aeruginosa(strain PAO 511 and two clinical isolates, one from a burn infection and the other from a cystic fibrosis respiratory tract infection) were examinedin vitro.The method used was a macrodilution technique in Mueller‐Hinton broth at 37C. Marked enhancement of ciprofloxacin activity was observed in the presence of 4.15mg/ml sodium deoxycholate, 0.4μg/ml tobramycin and 50μg/ml amiloride. It is suggested that these observations may be clinically important in the treatment of localisedPseudomonas aeruginosainfections, eg, within the respiratory tract of cystic fibrosis patie

ISSN:0961-7671    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-7174.1993.tb00713.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effects of electronically produced patient information leaflets on the understanding of and compliance with antibiotic medication were studied in 15 pharmacies in Finland. The study subjects (n=500) were randomly divided into two groups, the control group receiving only verbal information and the intervention group receiving both verbal and electronically produced written information. A few days later the participants were interviewed by telephone. In the intervention group the patient's understanding about the proper use and adverse effects of the medication was better than in the control group. Enhanced awareness of possible adverse effects of the medication did not lead the patients in the intervention group to interrupt their antibiotic medication. Electronically produced written material is easy to administer, and it can be an important counselling aid for pharmacists.

ISSN:0961-7671    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-7174.1993.tb00714.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The attitudes of pharmacists towards their advisory role and to the further deregulation of medicines have been surveyed using a postal questionnaire distributed to a randomly selected 20 per cent (227) of all community pharmacies in Scotland (response rate 90 per cent). Half the pharmacists thought that their role had changed since the publication of the Nuffield report in 1987, 81 per cent that their role was restricted by the range of drugs available for over‐the‐counter sale, and 93 per cent that they would like to see their role extended by the further deregulation of medicines; fifty eight per cent agreed that there should be a nursing formulary and 74 per cent that a corresponding pharmacists' formulary should be established. Pharmacists were also asked to suggest target preparations for deregulation: ninety per cent suggested at least one preparation, with chloramphenicol eye ointment and drops being the most frequently ci

ISSN:0961-7671    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-7174.1993.tb00715.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Enpharm is a computer assisted learning program for pharmacists. It is based on case studies which occur in community practice. Pharmacists using the program respond to cases presented by free‐text entry, then compare their input with that of a peer group of 76 community pharmacists.There has been a high level of demand for the package. Many of the packages requested are used by pharmacists other than those making the original request. This paper presents an analysis of 100 evaluation questionnaires that were sent out with the package then returned to the authors. The analysis focused on the profile of users, when the program was used and pharmacists' perceptions of the value of Enpharm as a method of continuing education.Pharmacists using the program were mainly in full‐time community practice. Half used a work‐based computer, the other half used a computer at home. Difficulties in loading the software were rare and were confined to incompatibilities with hardware or to corruption of software during transit. Patterns of use varied but the majority spent between 16 and 30 minutes, on average, per session. The case studies were perceived as being realistic to community practice and although, in general, no new ideas were evident, the cases provided a valuable refresher on the points raised.Enpharm was judged overwhelmingly to be a form of continuing education which would be of benefit to other pharma

ISSN:0961-7671    

DOI:10.1111/j.2042-7174.1993.tb00716.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY