ISSN:0265-9247    

DOI:10.1002/bies.950100202

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe recent dramatic development of molecular neurobiology has focused almost entirely on biological events in individual brain cells, and it seems that many of the goals of such work will soon be attained. Yet, when we attain those goals, we will still have to ask how this information will enable us to understand the properties of brain cell collectivities and their presumptive roles in higher brain functions. Even general ideas about those functions are not yet well defined. Therefore, it seems worthwhile to start studying correlations of the molecular events to these higher functions to help delineate the molecular aspects that need study.It is readily appreciated that we cannot tell what other animal species see, hear, taste, smell and feel when touching something, though we can foresee the time when we will be able to detail the biochemical and biophysical consequences of all inputs to those senses. Thus, however deep our understanding of the biology of those species, we are unable to establish relations between their biological responses to inputs and their presumptive mental perceptions. Even though humans can use language to talk about those perceptions, we cannot even verify whether someone else's perceptions are the same as our own, as with the old question of whether two individuals see the same thing when viewing something blue. Questions about still higher mental functions of human brains are even less accessible to analysis and can be approached at best, by using correlations. In this article are a number of such questions and their current correlation‐level answer

ISSN:0265-9247    

DOI:10.1002/bies.950100203

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe structure and behaviour of the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) is described, and the evidence that it is an allosteric protein is discussed. The genes for the AChR subunits are subject to a complex set of spatio‐temporal transcriptional controls during development of the motor endplate, and these findings are reviewed here. Finally, the biotechnological prospects suggested by the new data are note

ISSN:0265-9247    

DOI:10.1002/bies.950100204

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMolecular cloning of the genes encoding the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors has shwon that receptor subtypes classified on the basis of pharmacological properties are related polypeptides encoded by distinct genes. These studies have laso revealed the existence of novel muscarinic receptor subtypes. Functional analysis of each of the subtypes expressed in mammalian cells indicates that the different subtypes activate distinct biochemical pathways, a finding that explains the tissue‐specific physiological response elicited by the neurotransmitter, acetylcholin

ISSN:0265-9247    

DOI:10.1002/bies.950100205

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe demonstration of opioid receptors by radioligand binding and the discovery of their endogenous peptide ligands has provided a new class of compounds that can be used for the development of novel opioids. The number of potential receptor targets for such opioids has been expanded by the identification of multiple opioid receptor types The development of highly selective opioid peptides using the principles of conformational restriction permits the analysis of the structure‐activity requirements of each receptor type, and is facilitating the elucidation of the functional properties of the different opioid receptor

ISSN:0265-9247    

DOI:10.1002/bies.950100206

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSubstance P and related tachykinin peptides probably act as neurotransmitters or modulators of neurotransmission, and regulate biological processes as diverse as salivary secretion and transmission of pain signals. Substance P peptide sequences are expressed in three distinct mRNAs that are generated from one gene by differential RNA splicing. In addition to substance P, as many as three other tachykinin peptides can be generated from the polyprotein precursors by differential posttranslational processing. Three tachykinin receptor subtypes have been extensively characterized which differentially interact with the naturally occurring tachykinin peptides. Therefore, the generation of diversity of tachykinin peptides results from differential precursor RNA splicing and differential posttranslational processing. The specificity of peptide responses is the result of selective receptor subtype expression.

ISSN:0265-9247    

DOI:10.1002/bies.950100207

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlzheimer's disease results from the degeneration of neurons. Degenerating nerve cells express atypical proteins, and amyloid is deposited. We suggest that some of these events are strongly influenced by genetic factors and age. Animal models should be useful in investigating the pathogenic mechanisms that lead to the brain abnormalities seen in this disease.

ISSN:0265-9247    

DOI:10.1002/bies.950100208

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractChanges in several distinct types of neuronal proteins are now known to be associated with learning. In this review, we will summarize the properties of these proteins and relate these properties to prominent theories of the biochemical basis of memory.

ISSN:0265-9247    

DOI:10.1002/bies.950100209

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0265-9247    

DOI:10.1002/bies.950100210

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe discovery of homeobox genes in vertebrates may allow analysis of a basic problem in developmental neurobiology: how regional differences in CNS organization are specified during development. This view is based on the roles defined for homologous genes inDrosophiladevelopment, and is supported by studies of the patterns of homeobox gene expression in vertebrate embryos. Homeobox genes comprise a multigene family, members of which are expressed in different spatially restricted domains along the anterior‐posterior axis of the CNS. These observations are consistent with homeobox genes having roles in the positional specification of CNS organization, and experimental tests of this should be forthcoming shortl

ISSN:0265-9247    

DOI:10.1002/bies.950100211

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY