ISSN:1040-8746    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Recent progresses made in the biology of acute promyelocytic leukemia and therapeutic improvements obtained in acute promyelocytic leukemia since the advent of all-transretinoic acid have continued to generate a large number of publications on this disease in the past 12 months, which concern both its biological and therapeutic aspects.

ISSN:1040-8746    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-8746    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-8746    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

New strategies for the treatment of multiple myeloma, particularly high-dose therapy with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, can achieve complete response in up to 50% of cases. The patient's condition eventually relapses because transplantation does not completely eliminate myeloma. Posttreatment interferon may prolong responses achieved by transplantation or chemotherapy, but it does not necessarily prolong survival. New approaches are being developed to further eliminate myeloma cells after an incomplete response achieved by transplantation or other chemotherapy. These approaches aim at myeloma cell surface antigens, T-cell immunity, and biological mechanisms of myeloma growth and dissemination. Biological targets include interleukin-6 (the central myeloma growth factor), interleukin-1β (an amplifier of stromal and bone cell production of interleukin-6), and serum soluble interleukin-6 receptor (an enhancer of myeloma cell response to interleukin-6). Efforts to eliminate circulating myeloma cells from peripheral blood stem cell harvests use positive selection or purging to provide a product that will engraft only normal stem cells, not myeloma cells. Multidrug resistance, a major factor in treatment failure, can be reversed by agents that inhibit the multidrug resistance protein on the myeloma cell surface. Finally, expanded knowledge of biologic mechanisms has led to the development of new prognostic factors. These aimtoidentify patients in clinical trials who can benefit from treatment regimens designed to overcome their impact on survival. Translating new biological advances into treatment programs is essential to improving therapy for patients with myeloma.

ISSN:1040-8746    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1040-8746    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Tumors of the adrenal gland are not uncommon. Patients with these tumors usually demonstrate symptoms associated with the biochemical substance or hormone produced by the tumor. Tumors of the adrenal cortex, whether benign or malignant, are often associated with excess production of steroids, whereas tumors of the medulla are generally associated with overproduction of catecholamines. With the ubiquitous use of computed tomographic imaging, many asymptomatic adrenal lesions are discovered, presenting a management problem for the clinician. The algorithm for investigating so-called adrenal “incidentalomas” in the current era of cost containment continues to evolve. This review addresses current trends in the clinical evaluation, biochemical testing, and nuclear and radiologic imaging in the diagnostic work-up of these neoplasms. The mainstay of treatment is still surgical extirpation, the only curative modality. However, advances have occurred in adjuvant therapies, perhaps best typified by the neoadjuvant use of131I-methyl iodobenzylguanidine in the treatment of neuroblastoma.

ISSN:1040-8746    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas include papillary and follicular thyroid cancers. Approximately 14,000 new cases of thyroid carcinoma are diagnosed in the United States annually, but there are only 1100 deaths annually from thyroid malignancies. This relatively good prognosis is attributed to the biology of thyroid carcinoma and the current methods of treatment. Current investigations are aimed at expanding our understanding of thyroid carcinoma biology and optimizing treatment in a cost-effective manner.

ISSN:1040-8746    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

With the introduction of long-acting somatostatin analogues, several advances have been made in the management of endocrine tumors. Octreotide was first used for the management of acromegaly and later used for metastatic gastroen-teropancreatic tumors. Somatostatin receptor imaging has recently been introduced not only for the localization of somatostatin receptor-positive tumors but also for selection of optimal therapy. In addition to inhibitory effects on exocrine and endocrine secretion, octreotide has also been suggested to have antiproliferative effects manifested mainly by stabilization of disease and not tumor regression.

ISSN:1040-8746    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Recent work has shown that: 1) loss of transforming growth factor-β response is associated with malignant progression, 2) maintenance of autocrine negative transforming growth factor-β activity is a key impediment to malignant progression, and 3) the major mechanism for loss of RII expression in replication error-positive colorectal cancer patients is mutation of the poly A tract of the transforming growth factor-β receptor type II (RII) gene resulting in the generation of a premature STOP codon. Major issues for the role of Rll in cancer are identified as the determination of the penetrance of mechanisms of Rll loss in non-replication error tumors and other types of malignancies in addition to colon cancer. Analysis of mechanism of Rll loss may prove to have clinical use in defining the clinical course of subset of different types of malignancies and, in addition, it may result in the identification of new therapeutic targets and approaches for some subsets of cancers.

ISSN:1040-8746    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1996

数据来源: OVID