ISSN:1079-0713    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1079-0713    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two mutibehavioral interventions: stress management (SM) (nutrition, exercise, and stress management) and education (ED) (nutrition, exercise, and education) on reduction of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in older men. A convenience sample (n= 33) of older men (66 ± 5 years) with at least one CVD risk factor participated in this 6-month intervention. Men receiving the SM intervention (n= 25) exercised at the facility twice weekly (at ≥70% maximum heart rate for 40 minutes) and received 12 hours each of nutrition and stress management class instruction. Men receiving the ED intervention (n= 8) received the same exercise and nutrition protocols but received 12 hours of education without stress management. There were no significant differences in body habitus, metabolic response, exercise endurance, blood pressure, or heart rate between groups at baseline. The SM group had significant pre-post differences in weight, body mass index, intraabdominal fat, subcutaneous fat, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, VO2, supine systolic and diastolic blood pressures. The ED group demonstrated significant pre-post differences only in supine diastolic blood pressure. There were significant change score differences between the groups in triglycerides, subcutaneous fat, VO2, and body mass index. Results suggest that a 6-month multibehavioral intervention with stress management is effective in decreasing CVD risk factors in older men.

ISSN:1079-0713    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Differences in the clinical presentation and resultant treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) for men and women have sensitized advanced practice nurses to the importance of addressing gender issues when caring for women with CAD. Certain patient characteristics and clinical conditions may place women at higher risk of CAD development or progression. These factors include depression, African American status, menopausal status, age, type 2 diabetes, and thyroid function. In addition, female gender may adversely influence the relative benefits of cholesterol lowering in elderly women with borderline high serum cholesterol levels and response to interventions for modification of sedentary behavior and for smoking cessation. This article addresses emerging knowledge regarding gender differences in CAD risk factors and responsiveness to risk reduction interventions, issues regarding patient management, the implications of emerging knowledge on early detection of CAD risk factors more prevalent in women, and the development of targeted intervention approaches.

ISSN:1079-0713    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for women in the United States. Despite recent advances in treatment options for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), there has not been similar progress in decreasing the time between symptom onset and the decision to seek medical help (labeled "decision delay") and therefore availability of such treatments. Women delay longer than men before seeking help for symptoms of AMI, yet few studies have analyzed decision delay by gender. Factors studied to date do not adequately explain the differences in decision delay among women or between women and men with AMI. Additional research is needed to guide interventions to limit decision delay in women at risk for AMI. Until then, clinicians should use existing general guidelines to assist women at risk of AMI to avoid decision delay.

ISSN:1079-0713    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Dyslipidemia is a significant risk factor for the progression of cardiovascular disease, particularly when associated with other risk factors. An understanding of the pathophysiology and risks for patients with atherosclerotic diseases of undertreated dyslipidemia is essential for the healthcare provider. In this article, a review of epidemiologic data regarding the role of lipid levels in cardiovascular disease prognosis is presented. A familiarity with current dietary and drug treatment of lipid disorders is at the core of an evidence-based approach to dyslipidemia management in the patient with established cardiovascular diseases.

ISSN:1079-0713    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The initiating event in unstable angina (USA) and non-Q-wave myocardial infarction (NQMI) is the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque resulting in local thrombosis. The current standard treatment is the administration of aspirin and heparin. The introduction of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) offers a potential alternative therapy. Clinical mals have begun to examine the efficacy and safety of using LMWH in the management of acute coronary syndromes. Two pivotal studies have evaluated the effects of LMWH preparations on patients with USA or NQMI: The ESSENCE and the TIMI 11B trials. These studies suggest that LMWH plus aspirin is more effective and safer than unfractionated heparin in preventing myocardial infarction, recurrent angina, or death. Because of these differences, the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association have updated their guidelines for the treatment of USA and NQMI.

ISSN:1079-0713    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Currently, the transradial approach to cardiac catheterization and interventions is becoming a more popular method of access in the United States. Although the radial access site is not new (the approach dates back to the 1940s), it has only in the last few years become more widespread. This article provides the expert and advanced practice nurse with an understanding of the transradial approach to catheterization and percutaneous coronary interventions. The following aspects are discussed: the historical perspective, the technique, the nursing care and potential complications of the transradial approach, as well as the future directions for nursing and medical practice.

ISSN:1079-0713    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

As cardiac arrhythmia services and the ability to perform electrophysiologic testing become more prevalent in the hospital setting, advanced practice nurses (APNs) are continually challenged to keep their skills in evaluating patients with dysrhythmias sharp and current. The experienced APN evaluates the patient's history, recognizes physical findings, and uses noninvasive data to help diagnose, anticipate, and even prevent dysrhythmias. This article reviews the essential components of a systematic evaluation of patients with a known or potential rhythm disturbance.

ISSN:1079-0713    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Innovations in surgical and medical treatment continue to improve the outlook for children with complex congenital heart disease. Although mortality continues to decrease, disease-related morbidity is increasing as a large cohort of these patients is reaching young adulthood, pursuing careers, marrying, and in many cases having children of their own. Chronic recurrent dysrhythmias are a frequent cause of long-term morbidity in this population and result in frequent, unanticipated emergency room visits and hospitalizations. Although not usually life threatening, they can pose considerable challenges to the patients and the providers who care for them. This article provides an overview of the most common dysrhythmias encountered in this population, dysrhythmia substrates, and therapeutic options.

ISSN:1079-0713    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID