摘要:

AbstractThe hemoglobins synthesized by the pluripotent K‐562 leukemia cell line of human origin after induction with hemin have been isolated by DEAE‐cellulose chromatography and characterized by electrophoresis, high pressure liquid chromatography, and a radio‐immunological assay. Six hemoglobin zones have been observed with the following likely compositions. Zone 1: α2ϵ2, or Hb Gower‐2; zone 2: ζ2ϵ2, or Hb Gower‐1; zone 3: ζ2γ2, or Hb Portland‐I; zone 4: Hb F, or α2γ2; zone 5: a mixture of acetylated Hb Portland‐I and Hb F; zone 6: Hb Bart's, or γ4. The embryonic Hbs (zones 1, 2, and 3) constituted 50%–75% of the total Hb present; the quantities varied from one experiment to the other. Both Hb Gower‐1 and Hb Gower‐2 were present. The γ chain was heterogeneous and contained theGγ,AγI, andAγTtypes in a ratio of about 4:2:1, indicating a heterozygosity for the Ile → Thr substitution at position γ75. The methodology used can be applied for additional studies evaluating quantitative changes in Hb

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830120102

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn the original study of the deleterious effects of oxidant drugs on persons heterozygous for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide methemoglobin reductase (NADH MetHb R) deficiency, several Jewish physicians used as controls had decreased enzyme activity. We collected blood samples from 555 Jewish persons to 1) estimate the heterozygote frequency for NADH MetHb R deficiency; and 2) determine if external variables such as age, gender, and ingested medications may alter the NADH MetHb R activity and thereby alter estimates of heterozygosity. Two persons possibly heterozygous for the deficiency were identified (carrier incidence = 1/277; calculated homozygote incidence = 1/309,000 Jewish births). A difference in enzyme activity was found between males and females (P0.1) was seen between persons ingesting the following drugs and those not: Dilantin; antidepressants/sedatives; cardiac, antineoplastic, or antigout/antiinflammatory drugs; thyroid supplements, estrogen‐containing preparations, and antihistamines. NADH MetHb R activity did not correlate with age or spontaneous abortion. We conclude that heterozygosity for NADH MetHb R deficiency is not prevalent among Ashkenazic Jewish persons, and that external variables should be considered to ensure accurate interpretation of NADH MetHb R activity for correct estimation of heterozygosit

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830120103

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwenty‐five children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were tested for natural killer (NK) and K‐cell activity in vitro using the nonsensitized myeloid/erythroid cell line K562 and the K562 sensitized with rabbit antithymocyte globulin, respectively. The patients consisted of two groups: 1) 13 patients in continuous first remission undergoing maintenance chemotherapy and 2) 12 patients in remission for at least five years in whom chemotherapy had been discontinued at least six months before this study. The first group consistently demonstrated a marked depression in their NK activity and antibody‐dependent cell‐mediated cytotoxicity (K‐cell activity), as compared with normal controls. In contrast, normal levels of cytotoxicity were found in the second group of patients off of all chemotherapy. One patient studied while on chemotherapy and on two occasions following discontinuation of maintenance medications demonstrated that while NK and K‐cell activity was depressed during therapy, normal activity returned within days when immunosuppressive therapy was stopped. Thus, present modes of chemotherapy clearly had a profound effect on the in vitro NK and K‐cell activity; however, no long‐term effect on these functions was noted

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830120104

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPlasma fucosyltransferase activity was evaluated as an indicator of an impending blastic transformation in 25 patients with chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL). Fifteen age‐and sex‐matched controls were also studied. The level of enzyme activity was significantly higher in the plasma of patients with blastic transformation (1,630 ± 570 units) compared with steady state chronic granulocytic leukemia (509 ± 110 units) and normal controls (354 ± 57 units). In three patients with CGL, a rise in fucosyltransferase activity preceded any other clinical or laboratory parameter of blastic transformation by 16–

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830120105

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractInterferon has been shown to inhibit erythropoietic and granulopoietic differentiation. Since lithium carbonate (Li) elevates granulocyte levels in a variety of neutropenic disorders, we investigated the effect of Li on human leukocyte interferon (HLIF)‐mediated inhibition of granulopoietic differentiation. Using an agar culture technique for cloning granulocyte‐macrophage progenitor cells (GM‐CFC), we demonstrated that Li blocks HLIF‐induced granulopoietic differentiation arrest in a dose‐dependent manner. Results of removal of T lymphocytes from marrow cells suggest that this Li effect is not mediated through marrow T ly

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830120106

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAcid phosphatase (AcP) in neoplastic cells from various lymphoid leukemias was examined. In the cytochemical studies, tartrate‐resistant AcP (T‐rAcP) activity was observed in the neoplastic cells from well‐differentiated lymphoid leukemias such as adult T‐cell leukemia (ATL), B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B‐CLL), T‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (T‐CLL), and hairy‐cell leukemia (HCL). T‐rAcP activity was also detected in a small number of leukemic cells obtained from T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL), while it was not detected in the neoplastic cells from null‐ALL, macroglobulinemia, and multiple myeloma (MM). In the electrophoretical studies, fraction 1 (F‐1), F‐3, F‐3b, and F‐4 were completely tartrate‐sensitive, while F‐2 was partially resistant and F‐5 was completely resistant. T‐rAcP activity (F‐5) was observed in ATL cells, B‐CLL cells, and HCL cells, while it was not detected in ALL cells, macroglobulinemia cells, and MM cells. The present study indicates that T‐rAcP activity is observed not only in HCL cells but also in the well‐differentiated lymphoid cells such as ATL cells, B‐CLL and T‐CLL cells except the most highly differ

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830120107

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDietary restriction of phosphate was found to prevent the development of anemia in partially nephrectomized rats. In an attempt to examine the reason for this beneficial effect, hematologic and nephrologic studies were carried out on normal and on partially nephrectomized rats fed either a normal or a low‐phosphate diet. It was first found that a low‐phosphate diet ameliorates the degree of renal impairment found four weeks after partial nephrectomy. Nevertheless, it did not eliminate it, and the degree of uremia actually observed should have been associated with a significant reduction in hemoglobin and red cell mass. However, it did reduce serum phosphate and red cell 2,3‐diphosphoglycerate (2,3 DPG) levels and increase hemoglobin affinity for oxygen to a degree that should impair oxygen transport to the tissues. That the low phosphate actually caused tissue hypoxia with increased stimulation of the bone marrow was furthermore suggested by the observation that normal rats fed a low‐phosphorous diet developed a significant increase above normal in hemoglobin concentration and red cell mass. It was concluded that the effect of a low‐phosphate diet on the anemia of uremia is caused by a combination of reduced renal failure and increased tissu

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830120108

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA female infant with congenital refractory sideroblastic anemia is described. A market reduction of δ‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA) synthetase activity of erythroblasts was noticed with and without treatment of pyridoxal phosphate. Mitochondrial neutral protease activity of erythroblasts, which inactivates specifically the apo form of ALA synthetase, was normal and the sensitivity of apo form of ALA synthetase to the neutral protease was also normal. It was speculated that the reduction of ALA synthetase activity is not due to the high speed of destruction, but rather due to the impairment in production of ALA synthetase, which could explain the unresponsiveness to pyridoxine therapy in this ca

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830120109

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA 31‐year‐old black woman was studied who, at the age of 12 years, underwent splenectomy for a bleeding disorder due to idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). More than 20 years after the first signs of her bleeding disorder, the patient developed signs of Graves disease. This condition was treated with131I with resulting hypothyroidism. The rare combination of ITP and Graves disease was considered to be a manifestation of two separate autoimmune diseases. For the second time in the literature, HLA typing was performed in a patient with such a disease combination, and it was found to be of the group A23, A28, and B17. This is different from B8, which is most frequently found in both isolated ITP and Graves disease. Possible racial factors may be involved. It is concluded that more cases of such combined disease need to be studied before possible genetic patterns can be establis

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830120110

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo adults with advanced Hodgkin disease — one treated with combination chemotherapy, and one with chemotherapy and radiation therapy — developed Burkitt cell leukemia four and seven years after diagnosis, proved by cytochemical and ultrastructural study. Acute lymphocytic leukemia must be considered in the evaluation of therapy‐related leuk

ISSN:0361-8609    

DOI:10.1002/ajh.2830120111

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY