摘要:

The allocation of additional requirements for heating to households on supplementary benefit (SB) has been challenged recently. Some households receiving an addition spend less on fuel than others which do not. The fuel expenditure of any household on SB is likely to be constrained by income and may reflect ability to pay rather than need. A group of households with zero or close to zero income elasticity for fuel expenditure is identified. The expenditure on fuel of these households can be considered not to be constrained by income and to reflect the real costs of maintaining a warm home in given circumstances. Their expenditure is then used to indicate how fuel allowances might be better targeted.

ISSN:0309-3891    

DOI:10.1111/j.1470-6431.1987.tb00126.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of energy audits on home energy consumption rate, and to determine factors affecting participation in energy audit/weatherization programmes. Objectives included: (i) developing a linear model for predicting home energy consumption; (ii) examining the role of home energy audits in consumption rate; (iii) determining whether audit participation had increased over a two‐year period; (iv) surveying reasons for non‐participation, and (v) identifying sources of audit/conservation information which were most acceptable to consumers.The model expressed home energy consumption per square foot as a linear function of demographic, attitudinal and structural variables. The three most significant predictors in the model were adequacy of information, housing tenure and income. Eight out of 10 conservation measures studied were significantly more likely to exist in the homes of those who had had an audit. Three of these measures were also significant in the model.Study findings included a 7% increase in audit participation from 1981 to 1983. Lack of money and information were the two major factors inhibiting participation. Consumers indicated a need for conservation information from acceptable sources such as short courses or workshops, county extension agents, or skilled craftspeo

ISSN:0309-3891    

DOI:10.1111/j.1470-6431.1987.tb00127.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Electricity boards, gas boards and water authorities have to raise revenue from their customers to meet their costs. They are subject to direction from Parliament in how their charges are structured, producing results not always as intended. This paper describes some interesting anomalies.

ISSN:0309-3891    

DOI:10.1111/j.1470-6431.1987.tb00128.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

State consumer protection agencies provide alternatives for consumer inquiries and for redress when consumers are unable to obtain satisfaction. In this study, the major objectives were to determine whether consumers used the services of the Kentucky Consumer Protection Division, the frequency of contact, the method of contact, the satisfaction/dissatisfaction with handling of inquiries or complaints and characteristics of inquirers/complainers. Four different surveys were used to obtain the data. The data analysis indicated that a large percentage of those who made inquiries or complained were satisfied. However, only a small percentage of the consumers had contacted the CPD, and very few used the hotline in making requests or complaints. Those who had contacted the CPD were younger, better educated and had higher incomes. Among the recommendations are that increased efforts be made to publicize the hotline and other CPD services.

ISSN:0309-3891    

DOI:10.1111/j.1470-6431.1987.tb00129.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The major objective of the study was to test the theories of the function of dress that individuals apply to everyday practice. The study examined the extent to which Maslow's theory of motivation is relevant to male and female practice regarding the selection of daily clothes, the order of importance and the attention to clothing functions demonstrated by males and females, and the inter‐relationship between the different clothing functions. The study is based on data collected from male and female students at a midwestern university in the month of April.The Friedman two‐way ANOVA by ranks revealed that weather function was the single most important clothing function for males which influenced the selection of daily clothing, while social activity was the most important clothing function which influenced females. Females indicated a higher degree of consideration of each clothing function than males. These findings suggest that females tend to dress more for social reasons, are more sensitive to clothing needs and possess a greater degree of clothing awareness than males.The correlation coefficients of clothing function for males and females indicated that there was a high degree of correlation between several clothing functions. The correlation coefficients of clothing functions for females were more consistent than those for males, indicating that females consistently consider several clothing functions concurrently while males do not. This finding conforms with the theory of functions of dress which illustrates the multiple nature of motivation of clothing behaviour and the interdependent characteristics of Maslow's five basic human ne

ISSN:0309-3891    

DOI:10.1111/j.1470-6431.1987.tb00130.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The premise for this study was the changing nature of food management and its effects on kitchen design. The study sought to determine a location rating for kitchen work areas with a microwave oven serving as the primary cooking unit. The findings are based on careful analysis of the use of various kitchen work areas and the connections between them. There were obvious differences in the use of work areas and in the connections between them when different food management methods were used. The microwave oven proved a very important work area in the kitchen and should have a good connection, at least with the work top and dining table. There is frequently a need for a work surface in conjunction with the microwave oven. The study also includes development of a computerized layout model.

ISSN:0309-3891    

DOI:10.1111/j.1470-6431.1987.tb00131.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Studies have shown that adults' comprehension of medical and nutrition terminology is often poor. This study's objectives were to determine nutrition terms that adults could not define correctly; to determine whether demographic characteristics affected the subjects' score, and to determine whether defining nutrition terms in educational material increased subject comprehension of the terms. Phase I involved 400 adult subjects from the airport and train station who were approached randomly and asked to complete a terminology test. Phase II involved 100 soldiers (aged 18–28) and 100 senior citizens; half of the subjects read information in which the nutrition terms used were defined and the other half read information in which the nutrition terms were not defined. All subjects then completed a nutrition terminology test. Statistical analysis included mean score, item analysis and regression analysis. In phase I, subjects had a moderate knowledge of the terms tested. In phase II, the mean score of subjects who read information in which the nutrition terms were defined was significantly higher than those not provided with definitions. The results of this study suggest that adult comprehension of nutrition terms may improve when the terms are define

ISSN:0309-3891    

DOI:10.1111/j.1470-6431.1987.tb00132.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0309-3891    

DOI:10.1111/j.1470-6431.1987.tb00133.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY