摘要:

TwoDrosophilamutants are described in which the connections between the input to and the output from the mushroom bodies is largely interrupted. In all forms of the flies (larva, imago, male, female) showing the structural defect, olfactory conditioning is impaired. Learning is completely abolished when electroshock is used as reinforcement and partially suppressed in reward learning with sucrose. No influence of the mushroom body defect on the perception of the conditioning stimuli or on spontaneous olfactory behavior is observed. The defect seems not to impair learning of color discrimination tasks or operant learning involving visual cues.

ISSN:0167-7063    

DOI:10.3109/01677068509100140

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A patient with methylmalonic acidemia was found to have a persistent hyperchloremic acidosis. Investigation documented the presence of a proximal renal tubular acidosis. Between 14 and 18 months of age the urinary pH was as high as 8.0 when the serum bicarbonate was 17 mEq/liter and the threshold for bicarbonate was at 16-17 mEq/liter. When restudied at 33 months of age, the threshold had risen to 20 mEq/liter, but this was still abnormal and supplemental treatment was required to keep the serum concentration of bicarbonate above 20 mEq/liter. It is postulated that organic acid metabolites which accumulate in this and related disorders may interfere with renal tubular function as has been shown for maleic acid in experimental animals.

ISSN:0167-7063    

DOI:10.3109/01677068509100141

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Supplementation with alanine was found to increase growth in weight and nitrogen balance in 5 infants with a variety of inborn errors of amino acid metabolism receiving diets restricted in protein. The addition of alanine to the regimen led to a mean increase in weight of 15 g/day. This and the increased nitrogen balance of 15 mg/kg/day were highly significant statistically. In addition a dose-response effect of alanine was observed. The effect of alanine was compared with that of a supplemental mixture of essential and non-essential amino acids, lacking only those considered to be toxic in these patients. Alanine at 0.05 g/kg was as effective in promoting growth in weight as 1.05 g/kg of the amino acid mixture, while 0.25 g/kg of alanine was more effective than 0.70 g/kg of the amino acid mixture. The protein sparing anabolic effect of alanine is thought to be a reflection of the alanine glucose cycle.

ISSN:0167-7063    

DOI:10.3109/01677068509100142

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In the homozygous staggerer(sg/sg)mutant mouse, most of the Purkinje cells (the primary targets for olivocerebellar climbing fibers) are missing or ectopic. In this study, the organization and cell number of the inferior olivary complex insg/sgwere determined and compared to the inferior olive of the wildtype (+ / +) mouse. Our results indicate that there is a marked disorganization and loss of almost 60% of the cells within the inferior olivary complex. This suggests that the inferior olive may be secondarily affected by the staggerer gene due to the defects in its main target cell, the Purkinje cell.

ISSN:0167-7063    

DOI:10.3109/01677068509100143

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1985

数据来源: Taylor