ISSN:1062-7995    

DOI:10.1002/pip.4670010101

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRecent technological and commercial developments for the buried‐contact solar cell (BCSC) are reviwed. Four of the world's largest manufacturers have entered into manufacturing agreements, with a number of these taking advantage of the high‐efficiency capabilities of the large‐area BCSCs to produce cells for solar cars in the 1990 and 1993 World Solar Challenges and in the solar car race across the USA in 1993. Despite the efficiencies and commercial interest acheived by the conventional structure for the BCSC, a number of areas for improvement remain. In particular, the rear aluminium‐alloyed region limits the cell performance, and dislocation generation resulting from stresses at the silicon/silicon dioxide interface can also play a significant role in reducing efficiencies.Through the use of a photolithographically defined rear metal contact, efficiencies in excess of 21% and open‐circuit voltages as high as 693 mV for the hybrid BCSC have been demonstrated. the effect of the heavily diffused region beneath the metal contacts in the grooves is studied and its implications for the new generation of BCSCs with grooves on front and rear surfaces are considered. the economic and technological merits of a range of groove formation approaches are discussed, with a low‐cost, high‐throughput ganged dicing wheel saw with 35 wheels showing

ISSN:1062-7995    

DOI:10.1002/pip.4670010102

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRecently, the research and development of crystalline silicon solar cells in Japan has greatly advanced. Fundamental research has been conducted on the recombination and passivation of minority carriers at Si/SiO2interfaces and in those bulk regions containing grain boundaries. Qualities of silicon feedstock and substrates have been improved and large‐area cell efficiencies using Czochralski single and cast polycrystalline substrates have reached 20% and 17%, respectively, by using low‐cost cell fabrication processes. Such high efficiency values are realized by tenacious improvement of substrate quality and the development of new processes for fabricating solar ce

ISSN:1062-7995    

DOI:10.1002/pip.4670010103

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOne regular feature planned for Progress in Photovoltaics is the publishing of solar cell and module efficiency tables summarizing the highest independently confirmed results for different technologies. These tables are expected to be of interest not only to researchers directly involved in these areas but also to those less directly involved but interested in being kept informed of the latest results with each of the different technologies or interested in an authoritative summary of these results. Other desirable outcomes may be the encouragement of research results and the further simulation of intercomparison of measurements between disignated cell test centres. Guidelines for inclusion of results into these tables are outlined and the first set of tables of results conforming to these guidelines are published.

ISSN:1062-7995    

DOI:10.1002/pip.4670010104

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCadmium telluride (CdTe) with a room‐temperature bandgap energy of 1.45 eV has been shown to be the most promising low‐cost, thin‐film photovoltaic material for terrestrial applications. Significant progress has been made during the past several years, and thin‐film CdTe solar cells of>1 cm2area with conversion efficiencies higher than 12% have been prepared by several techniques. Thin‐film CdTe photovoltaic modules with 10% efficiency have also been produced. They are of the heterojuntion configuration using a transparent conducting semiconductor (TCS) as the window and p‐CdTe as the absorber. In this paper, the potential window materials for thin‐film CdTe solar cells are discussed. Thus far, cadmium sulphide (CdS) with a bandgap energy of 2.42 eV at room temperature has been found to be best suited for efficient CdTe solar cells. the deposition techniques for p‐CdTe films capable of producing efficient solar cells, including close‐spaced sublimation (CSS), electrodeposition, screen printing and spraying, are briefly reviewed, and the characteristics of the resulting solar cells are discussed. It is concluded that the efficiency of thin‐film CdTe solar cells can be increased to 18‐19% in the near‐term, leading to 15

ISSN:1062-7995    

DOI:10.1002/pip.4670010105

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis review summarizes the current status of research aimed at development of heteroepitaxial InP solar cells. Details are presented for single junction and multijunction cells. We conclude with recommendations for future research.

ISSN:1062-7995    

DOI:10.1002/pip.4670010106

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe have successfully developed and industrialized a solar‐powered air conditioner that operates through a combination of photovoltaic (PV) arrays and commercial power supplies. In order to achieve the most efficient operation possible from a one‐horsepower inverter‐type household air conditioner, we selected a PV array output of 540 W under standard test conditions, based on single‐day power use patterns for air conditioners as well as on solar cell output patterns.When using a 540‐W PV array, we have shown that the system can supply at least 90% of the power consumed by an air conditioner during peak power periods in summer. We have confirmed that on average the power generated by the PV array can satisfy at least 50% of the power consumed by an air conditioner in summer. We also confirmed that the system functions according to system design specifications. There is little doubt that the introduction and widespread use of this system will play an important role in reducing peak power energy requirements

ISSN:1062-7995    

DOI:10.1002/pip.4670010107

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe ‘Alpsolar’ Project, which forms part of the international European ‘Eureka’ programme, is a cooperative venture between three electrical power utilities based in Austria, Finland and Germany. Its main task is the field testing and optimization of remote‐controlled, grid‐connected, photovoltaic (PV) power plants at high‐elevation and nordic sites, with the aim of bringing such plants to commercial viability. This paper describes the background, overall deisgn and operation of the three plants, and reports initial operating experience over 1‐3‐year periods in the areas of solar module, inverter and plant efficiencies; plant availability and electricity yield; monitoring and control; maintenance and repa

ISSN:1062-7995    

DOI:10.1002/pip.4670010108

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis brief history of the modern photovoltaic (PV) age is divided into four major periods: the beginning in 1953‐1954; the next steps, 1954‐1956; the space PV period, 1956‐1970; and the terrestrial PV period, 1970 onwards. the author began his participation in photovoltaics in 1953 and has been a participant in, or a witness to, the events that he desc

ISSN:1062-7995    

DOI:10.1002/pip.4670010109

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAppropriate regionally‐based training is of major importance for improving the market penetration of basic PV systems in developing countries. This communication describes an initiative at a Brazilian university where science and engineering undergraduates are encouraged to fabricate, test, and package crystalline silicon solar cell

ISSN:1062-7995    

DOI:10.1002/pip.4670010110

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY