摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper presents information on the characteristics of 981 people living in a mental handicap hospital, including their sex, age, sensory and physical impairments, and level of behaviour disorder, and examines the inter‐relation of these features. The findings indicate that health and local authorities should take particular note of two features, age and behaviour disorders, when developing and implementing their resettlement policies for people with mental handicap

ISSN:0952-9608    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3148.1990.tb00077.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTApplied behaviour analysis has made many contributions to the field of mental handicap in the last two decades, through the development of procedures to treat both adaptive and maladaptive behaviours. At the basis of all its contributions is an insistence that decisions be based upon data.The present paper extends the technology of applied behaviour analysis data collection procedures by describing a computer system developed for collecting and analysing observational data. A brief discussion of the system is followed by examples of four types of research currently undertaken in mental handicap: evaluative, naturalistic, analogue, and experimental research. To conclude, a few weaknesses and strengths of the system are discussed.

ISSN:0952-9608    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3148.1990.tb00078.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe authors report two experimental studies which addressed the question of how children with mental handicaps can be taught to generate productive, two‐sign combinations; that is, correctly to recombine signs in a way not previously taught. The basic approach, matrix training, involved teaching a specific subset of sign combinations corresponding to the overlapping diagonal items in a matrix of all possible combinations.In Experiment 1, the matrix items consisted of stimuli produced by combining character and facial expression elements. In Experiment 2, the matrix was formed from colour and object elements. In both studies, matrix training was successful in teaching children to use multiple signs to label the multiple attributes of training items. However, the productive recombination of signs only occurred in Experiment 2, with children who, prior to matrix training itself, had acquired sign labels for the elements which made up the matri

ISSN:0952-9608    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3148.1990.tb00079.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTEight mothers with mental handicaps were trained to understand and apply behavioural and developmental principles. The results of three questionnaires administered showed that where mothers with mental handicaps did significantly more poorly before training than a comparison group of mothers without handicaps from similar backgrounds, after training there were no differences. These results were maintained at a month's follow‐up. Suggestions are made for further studie

ISSN:0952-9608    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3148.1990.tb00080.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTArticles from a British newspaper were analysed in terms of: the roles into which they cast the people with mental handicaps to whom they referred; and the frequency of their juxtaposition with other devalued groups. Results suggested that the articles were not representative in their description of people with mental handicaps, describing them as being children and patients more frequently than would be expected. Juxtapositions, particularly with people having mental health problems, occurred in about a third of the articles. Comparative analysis of the articles written by staff reporters and those written by non‐staff suggested that the newspaper's own reporters were more likely to misrepresent the population of people with mental handicaps than other writer

ISSN:0952-9608    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3148.1990.tb00081.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThirteen goal planning manual texts commonly used with care staff who work with people with mental handicaps were anslysed for their readability, human interest, and content. Their readability and human interest levels were variable, and often below those of reading materials commonly experienced by the general public. The content of the manuals is criticised for lack of real‐life practice opportunities for staff training in assessment and teaching skills, and also for the general lack of suggested procedures to monitor and maintain staff behaviour. Areas for future development of goal planning manuals are suggested. In particular, the need for empirical assessment of the effect of alternative manual formats is highlighte

ISSN:0952-9608    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3148.1990.tb00082.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTViewing families of children with disabilities in terms of normative coping responses to stress is a relatively recent trend. This investigation examined differences between parents of children with spina bifida and paediatricians in their views of families' mental health support service needs. The study involved 21 parents and 23 paediatricians who completed a needs assessment instrument.Although the views of the two groups were similar in regard to a perceived need for services, discrepancies were evident in the type of mental health support service providers thought to be most appropriate, and the perceived severity of families' psychosocial problems. Results are discussed in relation to family compliance in paediatric health care settings, and the need to consider parental attitudes when family mental health support service issues are raised.

ISSN:0952-9608    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3148.1990.tb00083.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0952-9608    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3148.1990.tb00084.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0952-9608    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3148.1990.tb00085.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:PLANNING INVESTIGATIVE PROJECTS: A WORKBOOK FOR SOCIAL SERVICES PRACTITIONERS: Carole AddisonTHE GROWING VOICE. A SURVEY OF SELF‐ADVOCACY GROUPS IN ADULT TRAINING CENTRES AND HOSPITALS IN GREAT BRITAIN: Bronach CrawleyCOMMUNITY CARE FOR MENTALLY HANDICAPPED CHILDREN: Pamela Abbott and Roger SapsfordDOWN'S SYNDROME: AN INTRODUCTION FOR PARENTS: Cliff CunninghamLIVING ENVIRONMENTS AND MENTAL RETARDATION: Sharon Landesman, Peter Vietze (Editors); Michael J. Begab (Consulting Editor)ASSESSMENT IN MENTAL HANDICAP ‐ A GUIDE TO ASSESSMENT PRACTICES, TESTS AND CHECKLISTS: James Hogg, Norma Raynes (Edit

ISSN:0952-9608    

DOI:10.1111/j.1468-3148.1990.tb00086.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY