ISSN:1354-523X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1601-0825.1995.tb00147.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This editorial reviews the history of the classification of amelogenesis imperfecta (Al). The limitations of the existing classification systems are discussed. An alternative classification is proposed based upon the molecular defect, biochemical result, mode of inheritance and phenotype in the family involved. While not all of the criteria for the proposed classification can yet be addressed, this scheme is proposed for future classification of At cases and families.

ISSN:1354-523X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1601-0825.1995.tb00148.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1354-523X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1601-0825.1995.tb00149.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

DESIGN: A case of Nance‐Horan syndrome in a male is presented, with some features of the condition in his carrier mother and her mother. It is proposed that Nance‐Horan syndrome might be a contiguous gene syndrome mapping to chromosome Xp21.2–p22.3.SETTING: The proband had congenital cataract micro‐phthalmia and dental abnormalities including screwdriver shaped incisors and evidence of enamet pitting hypoplasia. The region Xp2I.2–p22.3 also contains the tooth enamet protein gene, ametogenin (AMGX).RESULTS: Using molecular genetic techniques, we have shown that there is no evidence that the AMGX gene is deteted in this case of the Nance‐Hor

ISSN:1354-523X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1601-0825.1995.tb00150.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to identify the principle clinical features of the peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG), and to recognise clinical features of PGCG that are poorly defined.DESIGN: We reviewed retrospectivety 77 cases of PGCG from 62 patients, from our files with respect to incidence, sex, patient age, race, clinical symptoms and signs, radio‐graphic features and recurrence following excision.RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Our results were largety in agreement with previous reports, although there is wide variation in the results published between series. In addition, some clinical features of PGCG are poorly defined. Little is known about the retative incidences of PGCG and central giant cell granuloma. An association between PGCG and tooth loss may exist, but is poorly defined, and not all PGCG that involve edentulous areas follow recent tooth loss. Information about PGCG recurrence after excision is limited, and does not necessarily follow incomplete excision. Despite the large number of reported cases of PGCG, clarification of some clinical features is required, and may hetp formulation and interpretation of future laboratory‐based research into this poorly understood les

ISSN:1354-523X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1601-0825.1995.tb00151.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

OBJECTIVE: To study the nature of multinucleated and mononuclear cells from peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG).MATERIALS AND METHODS: Formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded sections of 40 cases of PGCG were immunohistochemically stained for vimentin, alpha I‐antichymotrypsin, CD68, S‐100 protein, lysozyme. leucocyte common antigen (LCA), factor VIII‐retated antigen and muscle cell actin. Six cases of PGCG were also studied by transmission etectron microscopy.RESULTS: Vimentin, alpha I‐antichymotrypsin and CD68 were expressed in both the mononuclear and multinucleated giant cells. Dendritic mononuclear cells, positive for 5–100 protein, were noted in 67.5% of the lesions, whereas lysozyme and leucocyte common antigen were detected in occasional mononuclear cells. Ultrastructural examination showed mononuclear cells with signs of phagocytosis and sometimes interdigitations with similar cells. Others presented non‐specific characteristics and the third type exhibited cytoplasmic processes and occasional Birbeck granules. Some multi‐nucleated giant cells showed oval nuclei, abundant mitochondria and granular endoplasmic reticulum whereas others presented with irregular nuclei and a great number of cytoplasmic vacuoles.CONCLUSIONS: lmmunohistochemical and ultrastructural results suggest that PGCGs of the jaws are composed mainly of cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system and that Langerhans cells are present in two thir

ISSN:1354-523X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1601-0825.1995.tb00152.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

OBJECTIVES: To compare the osteolytic activity of surface‐associated material (SAM) and lipid A‐associated proteins (LAPs) from periodontopathogenic bacteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Surface‐associated material was extracted from the surface and LAPs from the cell walls of a range of periodontopathic bacteria includingActinobocillus actinomycetemcomitansandEikenetla corrodens. These bacterial fractions were assayed to determine their composition and their capacity to induce bohe resorption was determined by use of the neonatal murine calvarial bone resorption assay.RESULTS The SAMs from E. corrodens andA. actinomycetemcomitansdemonstrated bone‐resorbing capacity at concentrations as low as I ng ml which, given the molecular weights of the active components, is in the picomolar range of activity. In contrast, the SAMs from the other three bacteria were significantly less potent and showed a lower efficacy. The LAPs all showed significant, and similar, capacities to induce bone breakdown.CONCLUSIONS This is the first demonstration that LAP from periodontopathic bacteria can stimulate bone degradation. The LAPs from diverse bacteria all produced similar levets of bone‐resorbing activity. in contrast, the SAM showed significant differences in potency and in efficacy (maximal stimulation). This may mean that in vivo certain periodontopathic bacteria have significantly more bone‐resorbing capacity than others and should be therapeu

ISSN:1354-523X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1601-0825.1995.tb00153.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Eight oligonucleotides based upon regions of the small subunit 165 ribosomal RNA gene sequences were analysed against a background of their position within the molecule and their two‐dimensional structure to rationalise their use in recognising Prevotetla intermedia andPrevotetla nigrescens. The 41 clinical isolates from both oral and respiratory sites and two reference strains were subjected to DNA‐DNA hybridisation and multilocus enzyme etectrophoresis to confirm their identity. Alignment of oligonucleotide probes designated I Bi‐2 to I Bi‐6 (for P.intermedia) and 2Bi‐2 (forP. nigrescens) with the 165 rRNA suggested that these probes lacked specificity or were constructed from hypervariable regions. A 52–meroligonucleotide (designated Bi) retiably detected both species. Because of the high degree of concordance between the I 65 rRNAs of both species, it was necessary to vary the stringency of hybridisation conditions for detection of both species. Thus probe I Bi‐I recognisedP. intermediawhile I Bi‐l detected bothP. intermediaand P.nigrescensat low stringency. However, under conditions of high stringency only P.nigrescenswas recognised by probe 2Bi‐I. These probes were highly specific and did not hybridise with DNA from the closety retated P.corporis, nor other periodontal pathogens such asFuso‐bacterium nucleatum, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomit‐ans, Treponema denticola and several pigmented species such asPrevotetlametoninogenica, P. denticola, P.loescheii, Porphyramonas osaccharolytica, Py. endodontalis, Py. gin‐givalis, Py

ISSN:1354-523X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1601-0825.1995.tb00154.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

OBJECTIVE: To determine if there is an association between carriage of oral yeasts and malnutrition in infants.DESIGN: A case‐control study within a cross‐sectional study. The dependent variable was carriage of oral yeasts. The exposure variable was malnutrition and con‐founders to be adjusted for were age, sex, and breastfeeding.SETTING: A maternal and child health clinic in Dar‐es‐Salaam, Tanzania that offers routine medical check‐ups to all expectant mothers and children aged between 0 and 5 years in its catchment areas.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 972 infants aged 6–24 months participated. Smears from the tongue and cheek mucosa were examined for candidal hyphae and blasto‐spores. Malnutrition was categorized according to Tanzanian standards (weight‐for‐age) and World Health Organization (WHO) standards (weight‐for‐height and height‐for‐age).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Carriage of oral yeasts (hyphae and blastospores).RESULTS: Carriage of oral yeasts was significantly higher in the 227 malnourished compared with the 745 wetl nourished adjusted for confounders. Odds ratio for presence of hyphae in smears from the severety malnourished (weight‐for‐age) was 4.5 (90% CI: 2.0–10.0). Odds ratio for presence of hyphae was 2.3 (90% CI: 1.1–4.8) when weight‐for‐height were used to categorize for malnutrition.CONCLUSION: The study tends to confirm the generally hetd view that malnutrition may predispose to carriage of oral

ISSN:1354-523X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1601-0825.1995.tb00155.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

OBJECTIVE: To obtain basetine data on angular cheilitis in Southern Chinese.DESIGN: A cross‐sectional investigation of the clinical, microbiological and ultrastructural features of the condition.SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Thirty six Chinese adults with angular cheilitis; 28 controls matched for age and sex, with no inflammation. Clinical examination, swabs of lesions for microbiology, impressions of lesions for ultra‐structure, using replica technique.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Severity of lesions, associated signs and symptoms, incidence and type of microorganisms, ultrastructural features. RESULTS: Of a total 68 lesions 32 were bilateral and four unilateral. Forty four (65%) were mild (Type I) and the remaining 24 (35%) moderate (Type 11). Infective agents were isolated from 37 (54%) lesions; pure growth ofCandidaspp andStaph. aureuswas noted in nine lesions each; a mixed growth of the two in I I, beta‐haemolytic streptococci in three and a mixed flora including coliforms in the other five.Candidaspp were present in one control, beta‐haemolytic streptococci in two and coliforms in four others. Scanning etectron microscopy revealed natural topography of the angular skin with sparse colonisation by bacteria and yeasts.CONCLUSIONS: Angular cheilitis in Southern Chinese seems to be characterised by a milder clinical presentation and classic infective agents of the disease:Candidaspp and Staph.

ISSN:1354-523X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1601-0825.1995.tb00156.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY