摘要:

AbstractThe main objective of this work is to demonstrate the expression of salt tolerance genes in a wheat‐Agropyronamphiploid. Salt tolerance tests were carried out on wheat varieties, ‘Chinese Spring,’ and ‘Glenn‐son 81’ the amphiploid between ‘Chinese Spring’ andA. junceum, A. junceumand amphiploid × wheat hybrids, Apart from germination in petridishes all other tests were carried out on plants grown in saline hydroculture tanks. Fresh weight measurements are given for stressed and non‐stressed plants as well as measurements of harvest ripe plants. The utility ofA. junceumas a source of salt tolerance genes for

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1987.tb01083.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRapeseed oil is marked by, 1 too low content of linoleic acid and a too high, content of linolenic acid to meet the nutritional quality requirements. First mutants with a considerably improved poly en OIL fatty acid (t.a.) pattern were low in vigour and seed yield. The present experiments were set out to analyze their mode of inheritance and to check the hypothesis chat a low linolenic acid content of the thylakoid membranes inhibits sufficiently high yields of such mutants for physiological reasons.Six independently induced mutants transmitted the high linoleic and low (or in one cast high linoleic acid content of their seed oil by one recessive gene: two expressed allele mutated allele in an intermediate fashion. Of six double mutants of various origin, three revealed an independent, additive action of two loci for the changed polyenoic f.a. contents, while in the three others the mutant alleles exerted partial dominance over their plus alleles.One or two backcrosses with productive varieties improved the performance of the mutants stepwise over the original types. It is therefore, concluded that mutations towards the desired polyenoic f.a. convent are not necessarily incompatible with high seed yields, when the responsible genes are transferred into an appropriate genetic background. But strong effects of environment on yield, oil content and polyenoic f.a. content of the mutants were still seen in a yield test of second backcross progenies.

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1987.tb01084.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPrincipal component analysis has been used in this study to describe the associations among 17 traits measured on progenies developed from matings of two adapted pearl millet inbreds with three exotic pearl millets. The exotic parents were a primitive I and race, a weedy relative, and a wild relative. The first three components were calculated for these matings and the associations defined. Correlations between these components and grain yield and growth rate were also determined. The first principal component described a hybrid index in five of the six matings, and a number of other complexes of traits were determined by this component or the other two. Some were common to several matings. The first three components accounted for only 50–60% of the total variability; thus no strong association of trans was found that would hinder recombination of parental types to select agronomically desirable segregates with high grain yield or growth rat

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1987.tb01085.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn a four years' test (1982—1985) it was shown that there are highly significant differences in resistance to seab and seedling blight in wheat. Using a novel approach, that head blight resistance should be measured on stands free of leaf diseases and with a number of isolates with different pathogenicity in the inoculation tests, the rep‐rod Liability of results increased significantly over the levels so far published. The genotype‐ by‐year and the genotype‐by‐isolate interactions remained low. Beside differences in resistance deviations in tolerance were also detected. The best materials that were selected are near to the better spring wheat resistance sources. A tendency for correlation between seedling and head blight resistance was found and the most resistant genotypes in the seedling stage will, with high probability, yield head blight resistant material.It thus became possible to include seedling resistance into the breeding program for head blight resistance, Further evidence for there being an identical genetic basis for resistance toF. graminearumandF. culmorumi

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1987.tb01086.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn Ethiopian wheat collection consisting of 293 tetraploid and hexaploid entries was investigated for resistance to powdery mildew,Septoriaglume blotch, and leaf rust with the aim of finding probable new genes for resistance to these diseases. Seedlings were screened with isolates of these diseases in the greenhouse or growth chamber. The material was also scored for field resistance to powdery mildew after the fifth leaf stale. The diversity of the reaction types to powdery mildew andSeptoriaglume blotch was estimated by the Shannon‐Weaver diversity index. Thirty‐nine entries (13%) of the collection were resistant to moderately resistant co the mildew isolates, 14S‐77 and 46—77, that had: a combined virulence spectrum effective against nine identified genes for resistance to powdery mildew. One hundred and et till TV‐tour entries (63 %) of the collection showed field resistance to mildew. One hundred and eighty‐one entries (62 %) of the collection were at least moderately resistant in an aggressive isolate ofSartorial nodorum.Resistance to a race of leaf rust was detected in one hundred and sixty‐eight entries or 58.% of the collection. Generally, resistance to these diseases is concentrated in Central and Southern Ethiopia. The different reaction types of the resistant entries to these diseases and the high estimates of diversity for reaction types indicated the presence of many different probable new genes and genetic backgrounds for resistance to t

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1987.tb01087.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe inheritance of resistance to green leafhopper,Nephotettix impicticepsIchi, was studied in 11 cultivars of rice, Oryza saliva L. These resistant cultivars were crossed with the susceptible cultivar ‘TN1’. The materials consisted of F1, F2and F3populations including parents which were assessed by the bulk screening test. It was found that resistance in the cultivars TR36′, UPR254‐35‐3′‐2′, ‘Jhingasail’, ‘Govind’, ‘RP825‐45‐1‐3’, ‘MRC603‐303’, ‘RD4’, and ‘Irat104’ was conditioned by a single dominant gene, whereas resistance in ‘Ptb8’ IR9805‐97‐1′, and ‘BG367‐7’ was controlled by one recessive gene.The test on the allelic relationships of the resistance genes in the test cultivars with the known genesGlb1andGlb2revealed that the single dominant gene that conveyed the resistance in ‘UPR254‐35‐3‐2’ and ‘Jhingasail’ was allelic toGlh1and segregated independently ofGlh2. The resistance in ‘Govind’ and ‘RP82S‐45‐1‐3’ was governed by theGlh2gene which was independent ofGlh1.The test cultivars ‘IR36’;. ‘MRC603‐303’, ‘RD4’. and Irat104’ had a dominant gene for resistance which was nonallelic toGlb1andGlb2.The recessive gene which conditioned the resistance in ‘Ptb8’, ‘IR9805‐97‐1’, and ‘BG367‐1’ segregated independently ofGlh1andGlh2.Eleven trisomics in an ‘TR36’ background were crossed with ‘Java’, a cultivar susceptible

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1987.tb01088.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe cross from which the doubled haploid wheat variety ‘Florin’ is derived was made in 1978. As early as October 1985, after two years of official tests for registration, ‘Florin’ was licensed. The major advantage of anther culture is the lime saved in comparison with conventional pedigree breeding. Much research remains to be done to understand the anther culture system and to increase the efficiency of producing doubled h

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1987.tb01089.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDifferential chromosome staining by using the Giemsa C‐ banding technique and test crosses have revealed rye chroma tin in the hexaploid wheat variety ‘Amigo’ which resulted from wheat crosses with the octoploid triticale ‘Gaucho’. The results demonstrated a pair of translocated wheat chromosomes involving the short arm of rye chromosome 1R and the long arm of the homoeologous wheat chromosome 1A (1Aq/1Rp translocation). The localization of the translocation breakpoint is supposed 10 be within the centromer

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1987.tb01090.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo landrace accessions of amaranth, UCC 192 (Amaranthus cruentus) and UCH 213 (A. hypochondriacus), were used in a mass selection experiment; five per cent of the tallest and highest yielding plants in both populations were selected for three cycles. Selection gain was largest in the first cycle for both traits. Realized heritability estimates for plant height were C.22 in the UCC 192 population and 0.49 in UCH 213, and 0.09 in both populations for yield. The results supported earlier findings for the existence of genetic variability within amaranth landrace populations.

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1987.tb01091.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTen natural populations of caper spurge (Euphoria lathyrisL.) were evaluated in two greenhouse experiments. It appeared that the ‘between population’ component of variance predominated for most characters. Heritability values Fit into the general picture of seed oil‐containing wild species. From estimates of response to selection it is concluded that for developing caper its genetic‐ base has to be br

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1987.tb01092.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY