ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00307.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHordeum chilense, a South‐American wild barley, is being used in cereal breeding because of its good crossability with both wild and cultivatedTriticeaespecies. Amphiploids and chromosome addition lines ofH. chilensein common anddurumwheats have been obtained as a means to transfer desirable agronomic characters from wild barley to wheat. No allosyndetic pairing has been detected in diverse hybrids involvingH. chilense. Several biochemical markers have been associated with the sevenchilensechromosome pairs. New approaches are necessary to transfer genes fromH. chilenseto cereal

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00308.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDifferent Origins ofBeta procumbensandB. webbiana, which are wild species of the sectionProcumbentes, were investigated by means of electrophoretical techniques. The isozyme patterns did not show any differences between the two species. Assignment of accessions to either one of the two species was not possible using the differences occurring in the banding patterns of some enzyme systems. One can raise the question, therefore if the classification ofB. procumbensandB. Webbianainto two species is justified.

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00309.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMany interspecific hybrids between diploid, tetraploid and hexaploidAvenaspecies were obtained without artificial embryo cultures. Most of the hybrids showed variable chromosome pairing with univalents, bivalents and multiple associations, even in PMC in the same hybrid, at first metaphase; making ii very difficult to understand the degree of genome affinity between parent species, and especially between different species. The basic or theoretical chromosome pairing consisting of bivalents and univalents is presented, in which the chromosome ratios (%) statistically agree with observations. In addition, the per cent frequency of chromosomes forming multivalents is calculated. On the bases of these numerical data, the genomic affinity relationships are discussed for present and previously reported interspecific hybrids orAvena.

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00310.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe duration of pollen life was measured for several varieties of wheat, rye and triticale to determine whether the inclusion of alleles for pollen longevity from alien sources would be necessary and effective in hybrid wheat production. Percent seed set was calculated from spikes in which emasculated flowers had been pollinated with pollen stored for specified time intervals under desiccation and under normal greenhouse conditions. Seed was set on wheat, rye and triticale lines using pollen stored for 45, 220, and 80 minutes, respectively. These results indicate that the duration of wheat pollen life is adequate for fertilization to occur under conditions normally used in hybrid wheat production, and that. Introgression of alien alleles is not necessary.

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00311.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to elucidate the genetic cause for the lack of express ion of the geneHt2againstExserohilum turcicumrace 2 on certain genetic backgrounds related to the inbred line B14. Two such inbreds (A635Rp and B59), susceptible to this pathogen were crossed onto the inbredOh43—‐Ht2Ht2. The following generations: F1, F2, F3, F4, backcrosses to both parents, selfings of the backcrosses, in addition to the parent lines, were evaluated forHt2expression in this study. Plants of each generation were inoculated withE. turcicumrace 2 and evaluated for the expression of the chlorotic‐lesion resistance determined by the geneHt2. In spite of the reported dominance ofHt2on some genetic backgrounds, the F1generations studied here did not showHt2resistant lesions. The data presented herein suggest that B14and related inbred lines carry a dominant gene(I) that inhibits the expression of theHt2gene. Chi‐square analyses of the reactions of 108 progeny families studied supported this hyp

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00312.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo methods are proposed to evaluate rust and eye spot disease resistance in sugarcane using biochemical criteria.Eye spot disease resistance is easily evaluated by a fast conductimetric bioassay of high sensitivity. If desired, the conductimetric values may be converted into grades of field resistance by means of a regression graph based on standard varieties. The main advantages of this method art it's complete objectivity, reproducibility and independence of climatic conditions.It was also found that susceptibility of sugarcane to rust can be recognized very early in the infection process by a striking increment of peroxidase activity. The simplicity of this enzyme reaction, which can easily be automated and the speed of detection during infection are discussed as an option for rust resistance evaluation.

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00313.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIsozymes are useful biochemical markers in plant breeding. This paper presents the first results on the inheritance of three enzyme systems: diaphorase (DIA), glutamate oxalacetate transaminase (GOT) and phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI) from leaves ofDaucus carotaL. ssp.sativusand the linkage relationships among these isozyme loci, markedDia,Got, andPgi. Methods of extraction and electrophoresis are described. Segregation ratios indicated that the DIA system is controlled by three genes:Dia‐1, Dia‐2 and Dia‐3, Dia‐1as invariant. Two codominant alleles and a null allele were found forDia‐2, and four codominant alleles forDia‐3‐GOT isozymes are encoded by three genes;Got‐1, Got‐2 and Got‐3. An active allele and a null allele were observed forGot‐1, two codominant alleles forGot‐2andGot‐3, respectively. PGI isozymes are controlled by a single gene,Pgi‐1, with two codominant alleles. Altogether one invariant isozyme locus and six polymorphic loci are postulated. Test of joint segregation suggested a linkage ofDia‐3andPgi‐1. The reco

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00314.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBiochemical analyses of seed storage proteins ofPhaseolus coccineushave been carried out to identify seventeen different cultivars. The electrophoretic patterns in native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and denaturing conditions (SDS‐PAGE); evidenced qualitative and quantitative differences for the three major protein components: legumin, vicilin and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). The results were confirmed by isoelectrofocusing (IEF) analyses. Erythroagglutination tests showed the presence of high agglutinating activity particularly in cultivars with low vicilin content. The experimental results allow one to distinguish all the cultivars by their electrophoretic spectra and agglutinating activitie

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00315.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe variability of morphological traits in 1800 individuals of R2generation ofCucumis sativuswas studied. R2generation was obtained from 60 R1planes which regenerated from leaf explants of a highly inbred Line of cv. Borszczagowski. All the plants of R1population were phenotypically identical with the initial variety; some (8,3 %) of the R2progeny, however, exhibited segregations. Variability was manifested in the following traits: 1. type of growth (dwarf and bushy), 2, male sterility, 3, mosaic type leaves, 4, xantha type chlorophyll change. In R3generation, only one new phenotype (yellow fruit flesh) has been found. The traits mentioned above were frequently accompanied by lower viability and fertility of R2plants. The latter was connected with disturbances in microsporogenesis and lover pollen germination ability. Genic instability of one trait is described.

ISSN:0179-9541    

DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0523.1989.tb00316.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1989

数据来源: WILEY