摘要:

While some of the more exciting and innovative techniques for preventing and reversing cerebral ischemic deficits have proved disappointing, there are still many options available to surgeons interested in these problems. This article reviews (a) prophylactic procedures to augment blood flow and/or prevent embolization and (b) salvage procedures following neurovascular accidents.

ISSN:1050-6438    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The expanding role of neurosurgeons in the field of spinal instrumentation makes it essential that there be an understanding of the biomechanics and uses of the evolving technology. Successful lumbar pedicle fixation requires the understanding of spinal anatomy and strict adherence to surgical technique. The choice of implant constructs and implant design will depend on the pathphysiology of the spinal segment at hand. The goal of spinal instrumentation is a stable spinal fusion across a motion segment(s). Pedicle fixation alone will not in all cases yield a satisfactory fusion outcome. The reconstruction of the injured spine is also key to the success of the implant. Attention must be paid to the reconstruction of the anterior spinal column if short segment fixation is to be used. The complication rates of pedicle instrumentation are low, with screw malposition in 2.6% and symptomatic instrumentation failure in 4.8% of cases without neurologic loss.

ISSN:1050-6438    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The use of shunting for hydrocephalus has a long history of improvements made through basic science, clinical innovations, and biomedical products. Shunting has dramatically changed the outlook of children with hydrocephalus, with many of them having normal life expectancies and attaining normal intelligence. The use of shunts, however, has created many unique problems of shunt dependence with frequent shunt revisions being the rule for most hydrocephalic children. Shunt problems assume a major amount of all neurosurgeons' efforts. In addition, the slit-ventricle syndrome has posed many new questions regarding what the post-shunting ventricular size should be and what problems are created by having a slit-like ventricular system. This article reviews current concepts of childhood hydrocephalus with respect to the various hydrocephalic syndromes and provides detailed descriptions of problems unique to various shunting systems. In addition, the slit-ventricle syndrome is distinguished from asymptomatic slit-ventricles after shunting. The various forms of the slit-ventricle syndrome are described, and proposed guidelines for classifying, working up, and treating the slit-ventricle syndromes are provided.

ISSN:1050-6438    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1050-6438    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID