摘要:

AbstractAdvancements in our understanding of amebiasis have been rapid over the decade that I have followed this field.″What was identified morphologically for years asEntamoeba histolyticahas been redescribed with modern techniques as a complex of two species, the commensal parasiteE. disparand the pathogenic parasiteE. histolyticathat is the cause of colitis and liver abscess. Antigen detection tests are now available for the rapid detection in stool of the pathogenic speciesE. histolytica.New understandings of the importance of luminal as well as tissue-active antimebic medications in the treatment of invasive disease have been reached. The groundwork is being laid for an understanding of the protective immune responses to infection, and at the lab bench DNA transfection of the parasite has opened studies of pathogenesis to genetic analysis. While necessarily an incomplete sketch of the field, I have attempted here to highlight some recent and important developments of interest to clinicians and microbiologists.

ISSN:1040-8363    

DOI:10.3109/10408369609101485

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

AbstractDespite the great effort that has gone into investigating urolithiasis, this condition still persists as one of the major ailments of the urinary tract. Calcium oxalate urolithiasis is the most common form, accounting for some 60 to 80% of total stones. This review examines the elements (i.e., urine volume and pH and urinary excretion of calcium, oxalate, citrate, urate, magnesium, pyrophosphate, and glycosaminoglycans) that give rise to idiopathic calcium oxalate urolithiasis. Treatment strategies for idiopathic calcium oxalate urolithiasis, including lithotripsy, also are discussed. Urinary oxalate excretion is a major risk factor for calcium oxalate urolithiasis, with 85 to 95% of the urinary load derived endogenously. The factors controlling endogenous oxalate production are reviewed, including pathways for the diversion of glyoxylate from oxalate production. The use ofβ-aminothiols and other substances to reduce endogenous oxalate production in subjects with idiopathic calcium oxalate urolithiasis is also discussed. A review of current methodologies for the determination of urinary oxalate is also included.

ISSN:1040-8363    

DOI:10.3109/10408369609101486

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1996

数据来源: Taylor